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La responsabilidad social empresarial como fórmula eficaz para irradiar el trabajo decente en las cadenas de suministro: el modelo del Grupo Inditex
No full textCollective health research assessment: developing a tool to measure the impact of multistakeholder research initiatives
No full textBackground:
The need to more collaboratively measure the impact of health research and to do so from multidimensional perspectives has been acknowledged. A scorecard was developed as part of the Collective Research Impact Framework (CRIF), to engage stakeholders in the assessment of the impacts of health research and innovations. The purpose of this study was to describe the developmental process of the MULTI-ACT Master Scorecard (MSC) and how it can be used as a workable tool for collectively assessing future responsible research and innovation measures.
Methods:
An extensive review of the health research impact literature and of multistakeholder initiatives resulted in a database of 1556 impact indicators. The MSC was then cocreated by engaging key stakeholders and conducting semi-structured interviews of experts in the field.
Results:
The MSC consists of five accountability dimensions: excellence, efficacy, economic, social and patient-reported outcomes. The tool contains 125 potential indicators, classified into 53 impact measurement aspects that are considered the most relevant topics for multistakeholder research and innovation initiatives when assessing their impact on the basis of their mission and their stakeholders’ interests. The scorecard allows the strategic management of multistakeholder research initiatives to demonstrate their impact on people and society. The value of the tool is that it is comprehensive, customizable and easy to use.
Conclusions:
The MSC is an example of how the views of society can be taken into account when research impacts are assessed in a more sustainable and balanced way. The engagement of patients and other stakeholders is an integral part of the CRIF, facilitating collaborative decision-making in the design of policies and research agendas. In policy making, the collective approach allows the evaluation perspective to be extended to the needs of society and towards responsible research and innovation. Multidimensionality makes research and innovations more responsive to systemic challenges, and developing more equitable and sustainable health services.This work was conducted as part of the MULTI-ACT project (2018–2021), funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation pro‑ gramme under Grant Agreement No. 787570
Procrastination in pre-service teachers: the role of learning strategies and academic achievement
No full textUn alto porcentaje de alumnado universitario posterga sus actividades académicas, siendo causa de dificultades académicas y personales. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar y caracterizar la procrastinación académica, y su relación con el uso de estrategias de aprendizaje metacognitivas, estrategias socioafectivas, y con el rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios. La muestra estuvo formada por 794 estudiantes de grados y másteres de títulos de educación, que completaron la Escala de Procrastinación Académica (EPA), la Escala de Evaluación de Procrastinación para Estudiantes (PASS), y las escalas Estrategias Metacognitivas y Estrategias Socioafectivas de las escalas ACRA. Mediante análisis descriptivos, correlacionales, contraste de muestras, y de regresión lineal jerárquica, se constata que hay un alto porcentaje de estudiantes que procrastinan habitualmente, y que consideran que esta conducta les es perjudicial. Se produce una relación negativa entre la procrastinación académica con el rendimiento académico, y el uso de estrategias metacognitivas y socioafectivas. Las mujeres presentan menor grado de procrastinación académica que los varones, aunque consideran que es una conducta más perjudicial para sus actividades académicas. También difieren en una mayor atribución a la falta de empatía y baja autoconfianza por las mujeres, frente a la búsqueda de excitación por parte de los varones. No se encuentran diferencias entre cursos, edad o si realizan o no alguna actividad laboral. Las variables más predictoras de la conducta procrastinadora son el bajo uso de estrategias metacognitivas y la falta de energía y autocontrol. Se discuten las implicaciones de los resultados en actuaciones específicas para reducir la procrastinación en estudiantes universitarios.A high percentage of university students postpone their academic activities, which leads to academic and personal difficulties. The aim of this work is to identify and describe academic procrastination and its link to the use of metacognitive learning strategies, socio-affective strategies, and academic performance in pre-service teachers. The sample was made up of 794 bachelor’s and master’s degree students in teacher education who completed the Academic Procrastination Scale, the Procrastination Assessment Scale-Student (PASS), and the Metacognitive Strategies and Socio-affectiveStrategies scales of the ACRA scales. Descriptive, correlational, sample contrast, and hierarchical linear regression analysis shows there is a high percentage of students who habitually procrastinate, and who believe their behavior to be detrimental to them. Academic procrastination is negatively related to academic performance and the use of metacognitive and socio-affective strategies. Women evidence a lower level of academic procrastination than their male counterparts, although they believe it to be more detrimental to their academic activities. There are also differences in that women attribute the problem more to a lack of empathy and lack of self-confidence, whereas in men the problem is linked to the search for excitement. The variables which most predict procrastination are the low use of metacognitive strategies and the lack of energy and self-control. No differences were found between the years of the degree, age or regarding whether students are working or not, or the dedication this entails. We discuss the implications of the results in specific actions aimed at reducing procrastination behavior in university students.El trabajo ha sido financiado por el proyecto nº. VA088G18 correspondiente a las subvenciones a Grupos de Investigación Reconocidos de Universidades Públicas de Castilla y León (Orden de 20 de noviembre de 2017, BOCYL nº. 225, de 23 de noviembre)
La influencia del uso de los derivados sobre el riesgo y la rentabilidad corporativas: una aplicación al sector comerciante de cereal en España
Get PDFEl presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal analizar la influencia del uso de derivados financieros en las empresas del sector comerciante de cereales español. Para llevar a cabo el estudio se ha seleccionado una muestra de 301 empresas para el periodo comprendido entre el año 2018 y 2020. Los resultados muestran que la relación entre el uso de derivados y la rentabilidad y riesgo soportado por las empresas de este sector no es significativa desde el punto de vista estadístico. Ello parece indicar que las empresas de cereales que utilizan estas coberturas no obtienen de las mismas las expectativas esperadas.The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of the use of financial derivatives in the companies of the Spanish cereal trading sector. To accomplish the study, a sample of 301 companies has been selected for the period between 2018 and 2020. The results show that the relationship between the use of derivatives and the performance and risk borne by companies in this sector is not statistically significant. Therefore, the results seem to indicate that the cereal companies, which use these hedges do not obtain the same expectations
Diseño y validación de un instrumento para evaluar el conocimiento sobre Naturaleza de STEM
No full textDesde hace algunos años, la educación integrada en ciencias, tecnología,
ingeniería y matemáticas (STEM, por sus siglas en inglés) viene mostrándose
efectiva para potenciar el desarrollo competencial del alumnado. Por otro lado, la
inclusión de la historia, la filosofía y la sociología en la enseñanza de las ciencias
resulta esencial para alcanzar una adecuada alfabetización científica de la
ciudadanía. Sin embargo, recién se ha comenzado a discutir sobre la Naturaleza
de STEM desde el campo de las Didáctica de las Ciencias. Dado que no existen
herramientas que permitan evaluar los conocimientos sobre Naturaleza de STEM
que posee el alumnado, el principal objetivo de este trabajo es diseñar y validar un
instrumento apropiado para estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria,
Bachillerato y Universidad. Este instrumento permitirá conocer y evaluar las
visiones y conocimientos sobre la Naturaleza de STEM de la ciudadanía con el
objetivo de mejorar la enseñanza de las ciencias y, así, democratizar el
conocimiento científico-tecnológico y alinear a la comunidad científica con los
intereses y necesidades de la sociedad.Since a few years the integrated education in science, technology, engineering and
mathematics (STEM) proves to be effective for the students’ competence
development. Furthermore, including history, philosophy and sociology in science
education is essential for reaching a proper citizenship science literacy.
Nevertheless, Nature of STEM is now beginning to be discussed from the Didactic
of Science field. Since there is not any tool to measure Nature of STEM knowledge,
this work intends to design and validate a suitable instrument for high school and
university students. This instrument will let us know citizenship views and
understandings of Nature of Science, with the aim of improve science education, as
well as democratize scientific-technological knowledge and align science
community to social concerns and necessities
Fast and Scalable Global Convergence in Single-Optimum Decentralized Coordination Problems
Get PDFOver the past few years, the scientific community has been studying the usefulness of evolutionary game theory to solve distributed control problems. In this paper we analyze a simple version of the Best Experienced Payoff (BEP) algorithm, a revision protocol recently proposed in the evolutionary game theory literature. This revision protocol is simple, completely decentralized and has minimum information requirements. Here we prove that adding some noise to this protocol can lead to efficient results in single-optimum coordination problems in little time, even in large populations of agents. We also test the algorithm under a wide range of different conditions using computer simulation. In particular, we consider different numbers of agents and of strategies, and we analyze the robustness of the algorithm to different updating schemes (e.g. synchronous vs asynchronous) and to different types of interaction networks (e.g. ring, preferential attachment, small world and complete). In all cases, using the noisy version of BEP, the agents quickly approach a small neighborhood of the optimal state from every initial condition, and spend most of the time in that neighborhood.Financial support from the Spanish State Research Agency (PID2020-118906GBI00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), from the Regional Government of Castilla y Leon and the EU-FEDER program (CLU-2019-04), from the ´ Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, and from the Fulbright Program (PRX19/00113, PRX21/00295), is gratefully acknowledged