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A ferrovia como elemento de comunicação e articulação territorial: uma análise a partir de campanhas publicitárias
Get PDFLa publicidad juega un papel muy importante en el entendimiento del territorio, particularmente dentro de una sociedad moderna y constantemente sometida a la incentivación del consumo de un determinado producto. Este hecho, que se refleja en los medios de comunicación, tiene igualmente un gran peso cultural, al punto de contribuir a crear construcciones de imaginarios colectivos asociados al uso o adquisición de estos productos. En el caso de análisis, esta construcción tiene que ver con el uso del ferrocarril, el mensaje que transmite y la percepción del territorio como soporte físico y componente intrínseco de este sistema de transporte. En la relación establecida entre el ferrocarril y el territorio a través de la publicidad, la comunicación ha ido evolucionando en forma y fondo siguiendo un desarrollo paralelo a las mejoras y cambios introducidos dentro de la estructura ferroviaria en España, especialmente tras el surgimiento de la alta velocidad. En este artículo se presenta un análisis diacrónico vinculado a campañas publicitarias de la compañía ferroviaria Renfe (Red Nacional de Ferrocarriles Españoles), tomando como referencia la presencia de elementos vinculados al territorio y a la sociedad en las piezas seleccionadas, lo que permite ver los cambios acaecidos dentro de esta temática.Advertising plays a key role in how we understand territory, especially in a modern society that is constantly incentivized to consume certain products. This is not only reflected in communications media but also throughout our culture, since advertising contributes to the construction of collective imaginaries around the use or acquisition of products. In this paper, we will be analyzing how this construction has developed in the case of rail transport — and what message is being communicated through it. We will also look at how territory is perceived as both a physical component and inherent feature of this mode of transportation. Regarding the relationship between rail transport and territory, advertising communications have evolved in both form and content as improvements and changes were applied to rail infrastructure in Spain, especially following the inauguration of a high-speed rail service. This article offers a diachronic analysis, reviewing advertising campaigns launched by Renfe (the Spanish National Railway Network) and, in particular, looking at references to the territory and society as a whole, tracking how the treatment of these topics has changed.A publicidade desempenha um papel muito importante na compreensão do território, sobretudo numa sociedade moderna que está constantemente sujeita ao incentivo e ao consumo de um determinado produto. Esse fato, que se reflete na mídia, também tem grande peso cultural, a ponto de contribuir para a criação de imaginários coletivos associados ao uso ou aquisição desses produtos. No caso que vamos analisar, esta construção tem a ver com a utilização do caminho-de-ferro, a mensagem que se transmite e a percepção do território como suporte físico e componente intrínseco deste sistema de transportes. Na relação que se estabelece entre o caminho-de-ferro e o território através da publicidade, esta comunicação tem vindo a evoluir em forma e substância seguindo uma evolução paralela às melhorias e alterações introduzidas na estrutura ferroviária em Espanha, sobretudo após o surgimento da alta velocidade. Este artigo apresenta uma análise diacrónica ligada às campanhas publicitárias da empresa ferroviária Renfe (Rede Nacional dos Caminhos de Ferro Espanhóis), tomando como referência a presença de elementos ligados ao território e à sociedade nas peças selecionadas, o que nos permite ver as mudanças que ocorreram dentro deste tema
Medieval wall painting in the cathedral of Zamora: the tombs of Lope Rodríguez de Olivares (d. 1402) and Alfonso García (d. 1409), recovered in 2010-12
Get PDFLas investigaciones llevadas a cabo por el cabildo de Zamora en 2010 en su catedral permitieron
descubrir dos sepulcros de principios del siglo XV que habían sido tapiados en el siglo XVII.
Decorados con relieves y con pinturas murales, fueron recuperados y restaurados en 2011-12 y
suponen una importante aportación al corpus del arte sepulcral castellano de la Baja Edad Media.
El de don Lope Rodríguez de Olivares muestra un relieve de la Transfiguración, mientras que el
de don Alfonso García muestra una pintura mural de la Misa de san Gregorio, notable por ser
la más antigua representación de este tema documentada hasta la fecha en la Corona de Castilla.Research carried out by the chapter of Zamora in 2010 in its cathedral led to the discovery of two
tombs of the early 15th century that had been walled in the 17th century. Decorated with reliefs and
wall paintings, both tombs were recovered and restored in 2011-12 and are a significant addition
to the corpus of Castilian sepulchral art of the Late Middle Ages. The one belonging to Lope
Rodríguez de Olivares shows a relief of the Transfiguration, while the one belonging to Alfonso
García shows a wall painting of the Mass of St Gregory that is the most outstanding, as it is the
earliest representation of this theme recorded to this date in the Crown of Castile.Trabajo realizado en el marco del GIR IDINTAR y del Instituto Universitario de Historia Simancas de la Universidad de Valladolid. Queremos dejar constancia de nuestro agradecimiento a D. José Ángel Rivera de las Heras, Director del Museo Catedralicio de Zamora, por las facilidades dadas para el estudio de las obras y por la autorización para publicar nuestras fotografías de las mismas
Modul IV. 2. Tehnike promatranja i vrednovanja temeljene na korištenju pametnih resursa
Get PDFLa preparación de los datos es un aspecto esencial tanto en la investigación cualitativa como en la cuantitativa. En concreto , el investigador tiene que realizar un diseño previo de investigación en el que se incluya la pregunta o las preguntas de investigación, dichas cuestiones tienen que ser precisas e incluir claramente las variables que se pretende estudiar . Estas tienen que ser medibles . Asimismo, que concretar cuál de ellas van a ser las dependientes y cuáles las in se tiene dependientes. En concreto, en la investigación cualitativa se tienen que utilizar elementos para la recogida de la información sistemáticos y que se apoyan en distintas fuentes como son audios, videos, etc. En este módulo se han presentado técnicas que se pueden utilizar. Seguidamente , a modo de orient ación distintas se deberá de categorizar la información que se haya recopilados desde procesos de categorización que se relacionen directamente con las variables definidas previamente. La categorización, va a permitir realizar un análisis de frecuencias de los elementos objeto de estudio, en esta fase se deberá de realizar una depuración y concretización de los datos recopilados. Los instrumentos de evaluación cualitativa también están sujetos a hallar los indi cadores de fiabilidad y de validez de dichos instrumentos. En el ámbito de la investigación cualitativa es esencial la utilización de la técnica de triangulación. El objetivo final es asegurar la generalización de los resultados de la investigación. Asimismo, en este módulo se ha hecho un especial hincapié en la presentación de la metodología de análisis de protocolos de pensar en voz alta, que consiste en la recopilación de los diálogos de interacción entre el usuario y el con el fin de registrar dichas interacciones. Las técnicas de análisis de protocolos se fundamentan en la categorización, desde el análisis del uso de las estrategias metacognitivas en distintos niveles de complejidad. También, se ha abordado ejemplos para la elaboración de encuestas a través de distintos métodos online como Microsoft Forms que permiten elaborar encuestas en formato de respuesta abierta.Data preparation is an essential aspect of both qualitative and quantitative research.
In particular, the researcher has to make a prior research design including the research
question(s), which must be precise and clearly include the variables to be studied.
These must be measurable. Likewise, it has to be specified which of them are going
to be dependent and which will be independent variables. Specifically, in qualitative
research, elements for the collection of systematic information have to be used,
supported by different sources such as audio, video, etc. This module presented
various techniques that can be used as a guideline. Next, the information collected
must be categorised using categorisation processes that are directly related to the
previously defined variables. Categorisation will allow frequency analysis of the
elements under study, and at this stage the data collected must be cleaned and
specified. The qualitative evaluation instruments are also subject to finding the
reliability and validity indicators of these instruments. In the field of qualitative
research, the use of triangulation is essential. The ultimate goal is to ensure the
generalisability of the research results. In addition, this module particularly emphasised the presentation of the think-aloud
protocol analysis methodology, which consists of the collection of interaction
dialogues between the user and the child in order to record these interactions. The
protocol analysis techniques are based on categorisation, from the analysis of the use of metacognitive strategies at different levels of complexity. In addition, examples
have been provided for the creation of surveys through different online methods, such
as Microsoft Forms, that allow surveys to be created in an open-response format.La preparazione dei dati è un aspetto essenziale sia per la ricerca qualitativa che per la
ricerca quantitativa. In particolare, il ricercatore deve elaborare un progetto di ricerca
preliminare che includa la domanda o le domande di ricerca, che devono essere precise e
includere chiaramente le variabili da studiare. Queste devono essere misurabili. Allo
stesso modo, occorre specificare quali saranno le variabili dipendenti e quali quelle
indipendenti. In particolare, nella ricerca qualitativa si devono utilizzare elementi per la
raccolta di informazioni sistematiche, supportate da diverse fonti come audio, video, ecc.
In questo modulo sono state presentate diverse tecniche che possono essere utilizzate
come linee guida. Successivamente, le informazioni raccolte devono essere categorizzate
utilizzando processi di categorizzazione direttamente collegati alle variabili
precedentemente definite. La categorizzazione consentirà l'analisi di frequenza degli
elementi oggetto di studio, e in questa fase i dati raccolti devono essere puliti e
specificati. Anche gli strumenti di valutazione qualitativa sono soggetti a trovare gli
indicatori di affidabilità e validità di questi strumenti. Nel campo della ricerca qualitativa,
l'uso della triangolazione è essenziale. L'obiettivo finale è garantire la generalizzabilità dei
risultati della ricerca.
Inoltre, è stato dato particolare risalto alla presentazione della metodologia di analisi del
protocollo think-aloud, che consiste nella raccolta di dialoghi di interazione da registrare.
Le tecniche di analisi del protocollo si basano sulla categorizzazione, dall'analisi dell'uso di
strategie metacognitive a diversi livelli di complessità. Inoltre, sono stati forniti esempi
per la creazione di sondaggi, anche a risposta aperta, attraverso strumenti come
Microsoft Forms.Priprema podataka bitan je aspekt i kvalitativnih i kvantitativnih istraživanja. Konkretno, istraživač mora napraviti prethodni dizajn istraživanja uključujući istraživačko pitanje(a), koji mora biti precizan i jasno uključivati varijable koje će se proučavati. One moraju biti mjerljive. Isto tako, potrebno je odrediti koje će od njih biti zavisne, a koje nezavisne varijable. Konkretno, u kvalitativnom istraživanju potrebno je koristiti elemente za prikupljanje sustavnih informacija potkrijepljenih različitim izvorima kao što su audio, video i sl. Različite tehnike predstavljene u ovom modulu mogu se koristiti kao smjernice. Prikupljene informacije se zatim moraju kategorizirati pomoću procesa kategorizacije koji su izravno povezani s prethodno definiranim varijablama. Kategorizacija će omogućiti analizu učestalosti elemenata koji se proučavaju, a u ovoj fazi prikupljeni podaci moraju se pregledati i specificirati. Instrumenti kvalitativne evaluacije također su predmet pronalaženja pokazatelja pouzdanosti i valjanosti ovih instrumenata. Korištenje triangulacije je bitno u području kvalitativnih istraživanja. Krajnji cilj je osigurati generaliziranost rezultata istraživanja.
Osim toga, ovaj modul posebno ističe prezentaciju metodologije analize protokola think-loud koja se sastoji od skupljanja interakcijskih dijaloga između korisnika i djeteta kako bi se te interakcije zabilježile. Tehnike analize protokola temelje se na kategorizaciji, iz analize upotrebe metakognitivnih strategija na različitim razinama složenosti. Osim toga, navedeni su primjeri za izradu anketa putem različitih online metoda, kao što su Microsoft Forms, koje omogućuju izradu anketa u formatu otvorenog odgovora.“Specialized and updated training on supporting advance technologies for early childhood education and care professionals and graduates”, eEarlyCare-T, reference 2021-1-ES01-KA220-SCH-000032661, is co-financed by the European Union's Erasmus+ programme, line KA220 Strategic Partnerships Scholar associations
6-Week Supplementation with Tribulus terrestris L. to Trained Male CrossFit® Athletes on Muscle, Inflammation, and Antioxidant Biomarkers: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Get PDFTribulus terrestris L. (TT) ingredients have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities,
but their effects on exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in trained athletes are uncertain. The
purpose of this single-blind placebo-controlled trial, in accordance with CONSORT guidelines,
was to examine the effect of 6 weeks of TT supplementation on muscle metabolism, inflammation
biomarkers, and oxidant status. Thirty trained male CrossFit® athletes were randomly assigned to be
supplemented with 770 mg/day of TT (intervention group (IG)) or receive a placebo daily (control
group (CG)) for 6 weeks. Muscle damage enzymes, inflammation biomarkers, and Total Antioxidant
Status (TAS) were assessed at baseline (T1), 21 days after baseline (T2), and after 42 days (T3). Grace, a
Workout of the Day, was measured in T1 and T3. Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was found between
IG and CG in Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), and TAS levels at the end of
the follow-up. Furthermore, TAS levels were significantly (p < 0.05) lower at T2 and T3 relative to
baseline in the IG, also LDH and CRP increased significantly (p < 0.05) at T2 and T3 relative to baseline
in the CG. No significant (p > 0.05) decreases in muscle damage or inflammation biomarkers were
observed, although a slight downward trend was observed after 6 weeks for supplemented athletes.
TT supplementation could attenuate the CrossFit® training program-induced oxidative stress, muscle
damage, and inflammation which could be due to the natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
properties of TT
Comparing the LC-MS Phenolic Acids Profiles of Seven Different Varieties of Brown Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Get PDFBrown rice, an important material of whole-grain food, is increasingly popular for its
health benefits. Thus, seven varieties of brown rice from southern China were analyzed in this study,
concerning the free and bound phenolic compounds in the extract. The phenolic profiles of different
brown rice were obtained and compared by the combination of HPLC and LC-MS analysis, in which
eleven phenolic acids were identified. It was indicated that the total phenolic contents of different
brown rice varied from 92.32 to 196.54 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g DW. Ferulic acid and
p-coumaric acid, free and bound, dominated within the phenolic acids. To be mentioned, the total
phenols of Luotiangongmi (a kind of red rice) were significantly higher than the other six varieties.
The high phenolic content of brown rice can further guide us to explore the functional properties of
the crops.This research is supported by the project of Outstanding young and middle-aged science and technology innovation team in Hubei Province (T2020012). The support of the Key Laboratory of Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Ministry of Education, 2018JYBQGDKFA03) is also appreciated. Thanks to the funding from the Hubei Province Grain Science and Technology Project (2021KJCX-06). Juan Manuel Castagnini is beneficiary of the grant (ZA21-028) for the requalification of the Spanish university system from the Ministry of Universities of the Government of Spain, modality “Maria Zambrano”, financed by the European Union, NextGeneration EU through the project “Extraction of bioactive compounds from food matrices using innovative and sustainable technologies (EXTRABIO)”
Modelling alpha case formation and embrittlement for Ti-6Al-4V produced by additive manufacturing and subjected to thermomechanical post-processing
Get PDFComunicación presentada en: 5th Iberian Conference on Structural Integrity que corresponde con el 38 Congreso del Grupo Español de Fractura GEF2022 celebrado en Coimbra, Portugal del 30 de marzo al 1 de abril de 2022La Fabricación Aditiva permite la producción optimizada de geometrías complejas. Las propiedades de tracción entallada
de la aleación Ti-6Al-4V se estudian numéricamente en este trabajo considerando el método de Selective Laser Melting
(SLM) y diferentes condiciones de post-proceso. La formación de una capa frágil enriquecida con oxígeno o “alpha case”
también se reproduce aquí para atmósferas no inertes aprovechando esquemas numéricos para el agrietamiento asistido
por hidrógeno. La reducción local de la energía de fractura en función de la concentración de oxígeno se implementa en
un modelo de Phase Field para la nucleación y propagación de grietas. Se modelizan diferentes probetas de tracción
entallada en Comsol Multiphysics. El análisis es secuencial: la entrada y difusión de oxígeno se simulan para diferentes
temperaturas y tiempos de permanencia, reproduciendo procesos típicos de SLM y HIP y diferentes presiones parciales
de oxígeno. En un segundo paso, se simula el ensayo mecánico de tracción y se resuelve el problema de Phase Field
considerando una reducción lineal de la tenacidad a fractura en función de la concentración de oxígeno. Se evalúan los
efectos del valor de la longitud característica y del comportamiento plástico. Los resultados muestran que el marco
numérico actual, después de una necesaria calibración de parámetros, es capaz de predecir la influencia del post-proceso
termomecánico en la fractura de componentes entallados.Additive Manufacturing enables cost-effective production of complex geometries. Notched tensile properties of Ti-6Al4V alloy are here numerically studied considering the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) method and different postprocessing conditions. The formation of an oxygen-enriched brittle layer or an “alpha case” in Ti-6Al-4V is also
reproduced for non-inert atmospheres. Exploiting other Finite Element frameworks for environmentally assisted cracking,
e.g. hydrogen embrittlement models, the local reduction of fracture energy as a function of oxygen concentration is
implemented in a Phase Field model for crack nucleation and propagation. Different notched tensile specimens are
modelled in Comsol Multiphysics. The analysis is sequential: oxygen uptake and diffusion are simulated for different
temperatures and dwell times, reproducing typical SLM and HIP processes and different partial pressures of oxygen. In
a second step, mechanical tensile testing is simulated, and the damage Phase Field scheme is solved considering a linear
reduction of fracture toughness as a function of oxygen concentration. The effects of the characteristic length value and
of plastic behaviour are evaluated. Results show that the present framework, after parameter calibration, is able to predict
the influence of thermomechanical post-processing on notch fracture.The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Junta of Castile and Leon through grant BU002-P20, co-financed by FEDER funds
Accelerometer Cut-Points for Physical Activity Assessment in Adults with Mild to Moderate Huntington’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Multicentre Study
Get PDFAccelerometers can estimate the intensity, frequency, and duration of physical activity
in healthy adults. Although thresholds to distinguish varying levels of activity intensity using the
Actigraph wGT3X-B have been established for the general population, their accuracy for Huntington’s
disease (HD) is unknown. We aimed to define and cross-validate accelerometer cut-points for different
walking speeds in adults with mild to moderate HD. A cross-sectional, multicentre, case-control,
observational study was conducted with a convenience sample of 13 symptomatic ambulatory HD
participants. The accelerometer was placed around the right hip, and a heart monitor was fitted
around the chest to monitor heart rate variability. Participants walked on a treadmill at three speeds
with light, moderate and vigorous intensities. Correlation and receiver operation curve analyses were
performed between the accelerometer magnitude vector with relative oxygen and heart rate. Optimal
cut-points for walking speeds of 3.2 km/h were ≤2852; 5.2 km/h: >2852 to ≤4117, and in increments
until their maximum velocity: >4117. Our results support the application of the disease-specific
cut-points for quantifying physical activity in patients with mild to moderate HD and promoting
healthy lifestyle interventions.The project leading to these results has received funding from “La Caixa” Foundation (ID100010434), under agreement FUI1-PI008
Educational Technology as a Support Tool for Students with Specific Learning Difficulties—Future Education Professionals’ Perspective
Get PDFThe research presented is framed in the context of educational technology (ET), and
specifically in its use as a support tool for students with specific learning difficulties (SLD). This is
descriptive quantitative research, the objective of which is to know what students know about the
use of educational technology, the perceived usefulness of educational applications, and the use of
educational technology as support for students with specific learning difficulties. In order to answer
this question, a data-collection instrument was designed that included an ad hoc questionnaire made
up of three blocks to evaluate the use of ET, the perceived usefulness of educational applications, as
well as ET as a support for students with SLD. The participating sample is made up of students from
different teacher training degrees of the Faculty of Education of the University of Burgos (n = 130).
After the descriptive analysis was carried out, the results that were obtained allowed us to conclude
that ET is an excellent proposal for the classroom, and that, due to its adaptability, it can, and should,
be a frequent resource for achieving educational objectives, and especially as support for students
with SLD.This work has been co-financed by Project Indigo! of the Ministry of Science and Innovation (Spain), with reference number PID2019-105951RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033
