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The manufacture of artificial fibres in the city of Burgos: an ephemeral enclave of the Spanish textile industry during Franco’s autarchy (1939-1959)
No full textEntre 1939 y 1959, durante la autarquía franquista, en la ciudad de Burgos se implanta un singular conjunto de industrias textiles de fibras artificiales. A partir de la Sociedad Española de Seda Artificial (SESA), se conforma un enclave fabril que se posiciona como el tercer centro nacional en este subsector textil. Este núcleo productivo suma más de 80 empresas, cerca de 4.000 trabajadores y adquiere una cuota de mercado sostenida en torno al 12% de la producción española. Pero desde mediados de los años cincuenta, las fábricas burgalesas de seda artificial sucumbirán al progreso de los nuevos mercados y desaparecerán con rapidez. En esta investigación se analiza este efímero enclave de la industria textil española de la posguerra. Mediante el uso de distintas fuentes estadísticas y documentación de archivo, se reflexiona sobre las dificultades de la industrialización autárquica pero también se atestiguan sus ventajas de oportunidad, en el contexto de la estrecha vinculación de Burgos con el franquismo. Asimismo, se profundiza en la participación de inversores catalanes en las fábricas textiles burgalesas, verificando la hegemonía de esta región en el desarrollo del ciclo textil español. Y, finalmente, se comprueba el trascendente impacto que esta industria tuvo en la estructura espacial y socioeconómica de la ciudad. Pese a su pronta desaparición, las fábricas de fibras textiles artificiales constituyen el germen de la industrialización local y prefiguran la identidad que adquirirá definitivamente Burgos como ciudad industrial mediante su posterior designación como Polo de Promoción y Desarrollo.Entre 1939 et 1959, pendant l’autarcie franquiste, un ensemble unique d’industries textiles de fibres artificielles s’est établi dans la ville de Burgos. À partir de la Sociedad Española de Seda Artificial (SESA), une enclave manufacturière s’est formée et s’est positionnée comme le deuxième centre national de ce sous-secteur textile. Mais à partir du milieu des années cinquante, les usines de soie artificielle de Burgos ont succombé à la progression des nouveaux marchés et ont rapidement disparu. Grâce à l’utilisation de différentes sources statistiques et de documents d’archives, nous réfléchissons aux difficultés de l’industrialisation autarcique, mais nous soulignons également ses opportunités, dans le contexte des liens étroits de Burgos avec le régime franquiste. On explore également la participation d’investisseurs catalans dans les usines textiles de Burgos, ce qui confirme l’hégémonie de cette région dans le développement du cycle textile espagnol. Enfin, l’impact transcendantal de cette industrie sur la structure spatiale et socio-économique de la ville est vérifié. Malgré leur disparition précoce, les usines de fibres textiles artificielles ont été à l’origine de l’industrialisation locale et ont préfiguré l’identité que Burgos allait définitivement acquérir en tant que ville industrielle grâce à sa désignation ultérieure en tant que pôle de promotion et de développement.Between 1939 and 1959, during Franco’s autarchy, a unique set of textile industries producing artificial fibres was established in the city of Burgos. From the Sociedad Española de Seda Artificial (SESA), a manufacturing enclave was formed and positioned as the second national centre in this textile sub-sector. But from the mid-fifties onwards, the artificial silk factories in Burgos succumbed to the progress of the new markets and quickly disappeared. Through the use of different statistical sources and archival documentation, we reflect on the difficulties of autarkic industrialisation, but we also highlight its opportunities, in the context of Burgos’s close links with Franco’s regime. It also explores the participation of Catalan investors in the Burgos textile factories, verifying the hegemony of this region in the development of the Spanish textile cycle. And, finally, the transcendental impact that this industry had on the spatial and socio-economic structure of the city is verified. Despite their early disappearance, the man-made textile fibre factories were the seed of local industrialisation and foreshadowed the identity that Burgos would definitively acquire as an industrial city through its subsequent designation as a Promotion and Development Pole
The study of industrial heritage in Spain: fifty years of analysis on the legacy of contemporary industrialization (1972-2022)
No full textEn 2022 se cumplen cincuenta años de la aprobación de la Convención sobre la protección del Patrimonio Mundial de UNESCO, efeméride que marcó el inicio de la consideración reciente del patrimonio cultural. Durante este periodo el patrimonio industrial se ha ido constituyendo como un asunto relevante en los estudios científicos españoles, pero condicionado por su conceptualización difusa, en el marco de una disciplina controvertida -la Arqueología Industrial- y con un objeto de estudio de compleja delimitación metodológica, cronológica y temática. En este contexto, la investigación científica sobre el legado de la industrialización contemporánea en España ha crecido exponencialmente durante las últimas décadas y arroja interesantes conclusiones sobre el carácter de los distintos estudios, su distribución territorial y temática o las diversas ramas de conocimiento que han participado en este proceso. Este trabajo realiza un estudio bibliométrico sobre las más de 1.600 obras publicadas sobre esta cuestión en estos cincuenta años y permite obtener resultados acerca de cómo, cuándo y desde qué perspectivas se ha abordado el estudio del patrimonio industrial español.2022 marks the fiftieth anniversary of the approval of the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, an event that marked the beginning of recent consideration of cultural heritage. During this period, industrial heritage has become a relevant issue in Spanish scientific studies, but conditioned by its diffuse conceptualization, within the framework of a controversial discipline -Industrial Archeology- and with a study object of complex methodological delimitation, chronological and thematic. In this context, scientific research on the legacy of contemporary industrialization in Spain has grown exponentially in recent decades and yields interesting conclusions about the nature of the different studies, their territorial and thematic distribution or the various branches of knowledge that have participated in them. This process. This work carries out a bibliometric study on the more than 1,600 works published on this issue in these fifty years and allows obtaining results about how, when and from what perspectives the study of Spanish industrial heritage has been approached
Bartolomé García, Fernando R. y Ortega Mentxaka, Eneko (coords.). Élites, promoción artística e imagen del poder
Get PDFReseña del proyecto de investigación "Los cambios de la modernidad y las resistencias al cambio: redes sociales, transformaciones culturales y conflictos (siglos XVI-XIX)", conformado por 10 estudios y liderado por la Universidad del País Vasco
Staging Parkinson’s Disease According to the MNCD (Motor/Non-motor/Cognition/Dependency) Classification Correlates with Disease Severity and Quality of Life
No full textBackground:
Recently, a novel simple classification called MNCD, based on 4 axes (Motor; Non-motor; Cognition; Dependency) and 5 stages, has been proposed to classify Parkinson's disease (PD).
Objective:
Our aim was to apply the MNCD classification in a cohort of PD patients for the first time and also to analyze the correlation with quality of life (QoL) and disease severity.
Methods:
Data from the baseline visit of PD patients recruited from 35 centers in Spain from the COPPADIS cohort fromJanuary 2016 to November 2017 were used to apply the MNCD classification. Three instruments were used to assess QoL:1) the 39-item Parkinson's disease Questionnaire [PDQ-39]); PQ-10; the EUROHIS-QOL 8-item index (EUROHIS-QOL8).
Results:
Four hundred and thirty-nine PD patients (62.05±7.84 years old; 59% males) were included. MNCD stage was:stage 1, 8.4% (N = 37); stage 2, 62% (N = 272); stage 3, 28.2% (N = 124); stage 4-5, 1.4% (N = 6). A more advancedMNCD stage was associated with a higher score on the PDQ39SI (p < 0.0001) and a lower score on the PQ-10 (p< 0.0001) and EUROHIS-QOL8 (p< 0.0001). In many other aspects of the disease, such as disease duration, levodopa equivalent daily dose, motor symptoms, non-motor symptoms, and autonomy for activities of daily living, an association between the stage and severity was observed, with data indicating a progressive worsening related to disease progression throughout the proposed stages.
Conclusion:
Staging PD according to the MNCD classification correlated with QoL and disease severity. The MNCD could be a proper tool to monitor the progression of PD.The supplementary material is available in the electronic version of this article: https://dx.doi.org/ 10.3233/JPD-225073
Pharmacogenetics in the Treatment of Huntington’s Disease: Review and Future Perspectives
No full textHuntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant progressive brain disorder, caused by a pathological expansion of a CAG repeat that encodes the huntingtin gene. This genetic neurodegenerative rare disease is characterized by cognitive, motor, and neuropsychiatric manifestations. The aim of the treatment is symptomatic and addresses the hyperkinetic disorders (chorea, dystonia, myoclonus, tics, etc.) and the behavioural and cognitive disturbances (depression, anxiety, psychosis, etc.) associated with the disease. HD is still a complex condition in need of innovative and efficient treatment. The long-term goal of pharmacogenetic studies is to use genotype data to predict the effective treatment response to a specific drug and, in turn, prevent potential undesirable effects of its administration. Chorea, depression, and psychotic symptoms have a substantial impact on HD patients’ quality of life and could be better controlled with the help of pharmacogenetic knowledge. We aimed to carry out a review of the available publications and evidence related to the pharmacogenetics of HD, with the objective of compiling all information that may be useful in optimizing drug administration. The impact of pharmacogenetic information on the response to antidepressants and antipsychotics is well documented in psychiatric patients, but this approach has not been investigated in HD patients. Future research should address several issues to ensure that pharmacogenetic clinical use is appropriately supported, feasible, and applicable.M.S.-R. contract was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, through the Sara Borrell Program (CD21/00022). A.S.-S. contract was funded by the Fundación HNA, 2nd edition of the Scientific Health Research Award
Levodopa Carbidopa Intestinal Gel in Advanced Parkinson’s Disease: DUOGLOBE Final 3-Year Results
No full textBackground:
Levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) improves motor and non-motor symptoms in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (aPD).
Objective:
To present the final 36-month efficacy and safety results from DUOGLOBE (DUOdopa/Duopa in Patients with Advanced Parkinson’s Disease – a GLobal OBservational Study Evaluating Long-Term Effectiveness; NCT02611713).
Methods:
DUOGLOBE was an international, prospective, long-term, real-world, observational study of patients with aPD initiating LCIG in routine clinical care. The primary endpoint was change in patient-reported “Off” time to Month 36. Safety was assessed by monitoring serious adverse events (SAEs).
Results:
Significant improvements in “Off” time were maintained over 3 years (mean [SD]: –3.3 hours [3.7]; p < 0.001). There were significant improvements to Month 36 in total scores of the Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (–5.9 [23.7]; p = 0.044), Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (–14.3 [40.5]; p = 0.002), Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale-2 (–5.8 [12.9]; p < 0.001), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (–1.8 [6.0]; p = 0.008). Health-related quality of life and caregiver burden significantly improved through Months 24 and 30, respectively (Month 24, 8-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire Summary Index, –6.0 [22.5]; p = 0.006; Month 30, Modified Caregiver Strain Index, –2.3 [7.6]; p = 0.026). Safety was consistent with the well-established LCIG profile (SAEs: 54.9% of patients; discontinuations: 54.4%; discontinuations due to an adverse event: 27.2%). Of 106 study discontinuations, 32 patients (30.2%) continued LCIG outside the study.
Conclusion:
DUOGLOBE demonstrates real-world, long-term, reductions in motor and non-motor symptoms in patients with aPD treated with LCIG
Defining the causes of sporadic Parkinson’s disease in the global Parkinson’s genetics program (GP2)
No full textThe Global Parkinson’s Genetics Program (GP2) will genotype over 150,000 participants from around the world, and integrate genetic and clinical data for use in large-scale analyses to dramatically expand our understanding of the genetic architecture of PD. This report details the workflow for cohort integration into the complex arm of GP2, and together with our outline of the monogenic hub in a companion paper, provides a generalizable blueprint for establishing large scale collaborative research consortia
Norma Jeane Baker, Helen of Troy and her Phantoms. From Euripides to Anne Carson
No full textMostramos una nueva reinterpretación genérica, lingüística e ideológica,
sobre la figura mítica de Helena: Norma Jeane Baker of Troy, de Anne Carson. La
Helena de Eurípides como hipotexto y un fragmento de la biografía de Norma Jeane
como hipertexto, permiten la fusión de dos figuras femeninas: la “inocente” y mal
afamada Helena junto a su descarado εἴδωλον, y Norma Jeane Baker en el contexto
del exigente Star System del Hollywood de la década de los 50. Dos figuras unidas por
el mismo ambiguo sentimiento de admiración, deseo y rechazo. Obra de arte de trama
no lineal, donde el sentido del texto se encuentra entre dos lenguas, dos tiempos y dos
espacios. Los géneros artísticos pierden sus contornos exactos dando como resultado
un texto singular y una especial performance escénica.We show a new generic, linguistic and ideological reinterpretation of
the mythical figure of Helen: Anne Carson’s Norma Jeane Baker of Troy. Euripides’
Helen as hypotext and fragments of Norma Jeane´s biography as hypertext merge two
female figures: the “innocent” and ill-famed Helen along with her shameless εἴδωλον,
and Norma Jeane Baker in the context of the demanding Hollywood Star System of
the 50s. Two figures united by the same ambiguous feeling of admiration, desire and
rejection. Work of art with a non-linear plot, where the meaning of the text is found
between two languages, two times and two spaces. Artistic genres lose their exact
contours, resulting in a unique text and a special scenic performance
El papel de los rasgos afectivos de los emprendedores en la evaluación de oportunidades y disposición a emprender. Especificidades de los emprendedores culturales y creativos
No full textTesis con Mención InternacionalEl objetivo principal de esta tesis es estudiar la influencia de las emociones de los emprendedores, concretamente de sus rasgos afectivos, en su evaluación de oportunidades y disposición a emprender. Además, esta tesis analiza si esta influencia del afecto se traduce en una evaluación precisa o en un exceso de confianza. Para ello, esta tesis conecta la literatura en emprendimiento con la literatura psicológica, incorporando los argumentos sobre los efectos informacionales y de procesamiento del afecto a la investigación existente sobre el proceso de evaluación de oportunidades. Asimismo, esta tesis profundiza en la influencia del afecto en la evaluación de oportunidades y disposición a emprender, examinando las diferencias en el caso de los emprendedores culturales y creativos. En concreto, esta tesis analiza cómo los factores específicos de las industrias culturales y creativas, tanto a nivel individual como situacional, pueden condicionar dicha influencia del afecto.The main purpose of this dissertation is to analyse the influence of affect in the evaluation of opportunities and the willingness to act entrepreneurially. Moreover, this dissertation aims to study if this impact of affect leads to an accurate or to an overconfident evaluation. To do so, this dissertation bridges the literature on entrepreneurship and the psychology literature by incorporating the arguments on the informational and processing effects of affect to the opportunity evaluation process. In addition, the second purpose of this dissertation is to analyse whether and how this influence of affect on opportunity evaluation and the willingness to act entrepreneurially differs in the case of cultural and creative entrepreneurs. In doing so, this dissertation analyses how the specific factors of the cultural and creative industries at both individual and situational level may determine this influence of affect
Utilidad clínica del dispositivo para la monitorización personalizada de la enfermedad de Parkinson, STAT-ON, en condiciones de práctica clínica diaria: resultados de una encuesta de opinión de neurólogos expertos
No full textBackground: STAT-ONTM is an objective tool that registers ON-OFF fluctuations making possible
to know the state of the patient at every moment of the day in normal life. Our aim was to
analyze the opinion of different Parkinson’s disease experts about the STAT-ONTM tool after
using the device in a real clinical practice setting (RCPS).
Methods: STAT-ONTM was provided by the Company Sense4Care to Spanish neurologists for using
it in a RCPS. Each neurologist had the device for at least three months and could use it in PD
patients at his/her own discretion. In February 2020, a survey with 30 questions was sent to all
participants.
Results: Two thirds of neurologists (53.8% females; mean age 44.9 ± 9 years old) worked in
a Movement Disorders Unit, the average experience in PD was 16 ± 6.9 years, and 40.7% of
them had previously used other devices. A total of 119 evaluations were performed in 114
patients (range 2—9 by neurologist; mean 4.5 ± 2.3). STAT-ONTM was considered ‘‘quite’’ to
‘‘very useful’’ by 74% of the neurologists with an overall opinion of 6.9 ± 1.7 (0, worst; 10,
best). STAT-ONTM was considered better than diaries by 70.3% of neurologists and a useful tool
for the identification of patients with advanced PD by 81.5%. Proper identification of freezing
of gait episodes and falls were frequent limitations reported.
Conclusion: STAT-ONTM could be a useful device for using in PD patients in clinical practice.Introducción: STAT-ON es un dispositivo que registra las fluctuaciones on-off que permite
conocer el estado del paciente con enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) en cada momento del día.
Nuestro objetivo fue analizar la opinión de diferentes expertos en EP sobre STAT-ON, después
de usar el dispositivo en un entorno de práctica clínica real (PCR).
Métodos: STAT-ON fue proporcionado por la companía ˜ Sense4Care a neurólogos espanoles ˜ para
usarlo en PCR. Cada neurólogo dispuso del dispositivo durante al menos tres meses y podía
usarlo en pacientes con EP, según su criterio. En febrero de 2020, se envió una encuesta con 30
preguntas a todos los participantes.
Resultados: Dos tercios de los neurólogos (53,8% mujeres; edad promedio 44,9 ± 9 anos) ˜ trabajaban en una Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, con una experiencia en EP de 16 ± 6,9
anos, ˜ habiendo el 40,7% usado otros dispositivos previamente. Se realizaron un total de 119
evaluaciones en 114 pacientes (rango dos a nueve por neurólogo; media 4,5 ± 2,3). STAT-ON
fue considerado «bastante» a «muy útil» por el 74% de los neurólogos, con una opinión general
de 6,9 ± 1,7 (0, peor; 10, mejor). STAT-ON fue considerado mejor que los diarios por el 70,3%
de los neurólogos y una herramienta útil para la identificación de pacientes con EP avanzada
por un 81,5%. La identificación adecuada de los episodios de congelación de la marcha y las
caídas fueron las limitaciones más reportadas.
Conclusiones: STAT-ON podría ser un dispositivo útil para usar en la PC