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Depopulation in Spain: Balance of the implemented public policies and proposals for the future
No full textEste trabajo estudia la situación actual de la despoblación en España, en la que se destaca el envejecimiento de su población, la baja natalidad y la dificultad para garantizar la prestación de los servicios públicos, todo lo cual obliga a un replanteamiento de las políticas públicas para que conduzcan a una mayor cohesión territorial y, en definitiva, a ofrecer soluciones a estos territorios.This work studies the current situation of depopulation in Spain, in which the aging of its population, the low birth rate and the difficulty in guaranteeing the provision of public services stand out, all of which require a rethinking of public policies so that lead to greater territorial cohesion and, ultimately, to offer solutions to these territories
Diseño y construcción de un polideportivo en la Sierra de la Demanda (Burgos) como motor de vida rural
No full textComunicación flash presentada en: IX Jornadas de Investigadoras de Castilla y León, la Aventura de la Ciencia y la Tecnología. 2023 celebradas en Salamanca (España) durante los días 9 y 10 de febrero.El presente trabajo tuvo por objeto el diseño de un pabellón polideportivo con el fin de incrementar la oferta de ocio en la zona rural de la Sierra de la Demanda (Burgos), especialmente durante la época invernal, cuando la climatología adversa de la zona limita el ocio a zonas cubiertas.This research work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Universities, MICINN, AEI, EU, ERDF and NextGenerationEU [grant numbers PID2020-113837RB-I00; 10.13039/501100011033; TED2021-129715B-I00]; the Junta de Castilla y León (Regional Government) and ERDF [grant number UIC-231]; and the University of Burgos [grant number SUCONS, Y135.GI]
Adaptação transcultural do Science Motivation Questionnaire II (SMQ-II) para alunos do ensino médio de língua portuguesa do Brasil
No full textScience motivation is important for students’ scientific literacy. Yet, there is a lack of valid and reliable measurement tools for the Brazilian context. This study presents the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Science Motivation Questionnaire (SMQ-II) and motivational baseline data. Method: The instrument was translated into Brazilian Portuguese using cross-cultural validation procedures. For structural validity evidence, the responses of 646 secondary school students were subjected to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, as well as measurement invariance. For reliability evidence, Cronbach’s alpha (a) and McDonald’s omega (w) were calculated. Students’ motivation was analysed using 2 (gender) x 4 (grade levels) x 3 (study modality) MANOVA. Results: 24 items measuring intrinsic motivation, career motivation, grade motivation, and self-efficacy supported a four-factor structure with adequate reliability against the original five-factor structure (self-determination was not salient). Measurement invariance was established across the gender and study modalities, but not for grade levels. Higher-grade level Brazilian students were less motivated, and girls reported higher intrinsic and career motivation, but lower self-efficacy than boys. Conclusion: These findings lay the foundation for the assessment of Brazilian students’ science motivation, although they also reveal problems in the latent structure of the SMQ-II and call for the development of instruments rooted in contemporary motivational theories.A motivação científica é importante para a alfabetização científica dos estudantes. No entanto, há uma falta de ferramentas de medição válidas e confiáveis para o contexto brasileiro. Este estudo apresenta a versão em português brasileiro do Questionário de Motivação Científica (SMQ-II) e dados de base motivacionais. Método: O instrumento foi traduzido para o português brasileiro utilizando procedimentos de validação transcultural. Para construir provas de validade, as respostas de 646 alunos do ensino médio foram submetidas à análise exploratória e confirmatória de fatores, bem como invariância de medidas. Para a evidência de confiabilidade, foram calculados o alfa de Cronbach (α) e o ômega de McDonald’s (ω). A motivação dos estudantes foi analisada usando 2 (gênero) x 4 (notas) x 3 (modalidade de estudo) MANOVA. Resultados: 24 itens medindo a motivação intrínseca, motivação de carreira, motivação de grau e auto-eficácia suportaram uma estrutura de quatro fatores com confiabilidade adequada contra a estrutura original de cinco fatores (a autodeterminação não foi saliente). A invariância da medição foi estabelecida através de gênero e modalidade de estudo, mas não para o nível de nota. Os estudantes brasileiros de grau superior estavam menos motivados, e as meninas relataram maior motivação intrínseca e de carreira, mas menor auto-eficácia do que os meninos. Conclusão: Estas descobertas abrem o caminho para a avaliação da motivação científica dos estudantes brasileiros, mas também revelam problemas na estrutura latente do SMQ-II e exigem o desenvolvimento de instrumentos enraizados em teorias motivacionais contemporâneas.This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO) through the project PID2020-117348RB-I00.The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
Paleosinecología de las comunidades de grandes mamíferos pleistocenas de la evolución humana en Europa occidental
Get PDFAbstract extraído del libro de resúmenes de las comunicaciones presentadas en el XV Congreso Nacional de la AEET, celebrado en Almería (España) desde el 16 al 20 de octubre de 2023.La disponibilidad de recursos tróficos es esencial para la supervivencia y la dispersión
de las especies. En el caso humano, la carne fue un recurso clave para la dispersión de
sus primeras poblaciones por Eurasia durante el Pleistoceno inferior. Principalmente
estas poblaciones de homininos explotaban en Europa grandes mamíferos,
consumiendo de forma oportunista otros recursos
La necesaria profesionalización como apuesta para una compra pública de futuro
No full textLa contratación pública se configura como una institución eminentemente formal que exige la observancia de determinadas formalidades y requisitos a la hora de seleccionar a la persona física
o jurídica más idónea para llegar a ser contratista público. Así, la
normativa de contratación pública establece procedimientos específicos de adjudicación de los contratos cuya finalidad es satisfacer, en las mejores condiciones posibles, las necesidades de los órganos de
contratación permitiendo que las compras públicas se realicen de
manera racional y transparente garantizando la igualdad de acceso a
los contratos públicos
Straightforward purification method for the determination of the activity of glucose oxidase and catalase in honey by extracting polyphenols with a film-shaped polymer
Get PDFGlucose oxidase (GOX) and catalase (CAT) regulate the amount of H2O2 in honey, by generating or consuming it, so they are related to the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of honey. However, their activities are hardly analysed, since the process requires a previous dialysis that is non-selective, very time-consuming (>24 h), eco-unfriendly (>6L of buffer) and expensive. This research shows the design and performance of a material that selectively removes the actual interferents. The film-shaped-polymer is immersed for 90́ within a honey solution (12.5 mL of buffer), where it interacts exclusively with 1,2-dihydroxybenzenes, which we proved to be the real interferents (the material contains motifs derived from phenylboronic acid to interact with 1,2-diols). Polymeric chains favour condensation to occur exclusively with 1,2-dihydroxybenzenes, excluding monosaccharides. The interferents’ removal using our designed polymer is selective, low cost (1.42€ per test), rapid and eco-friendly (saves 6L of buffer and 20.5 h of experimental workout per sample).We gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by all funders. Author Jose Miguel García received grant PID2020-113264RB-I00 / AEI / 10.13039/501100011033 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”. Ana Arnaiz received funding from Ministerio de Universidades-European Union in the frame of NextGenerationEU RD 289/2021 (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid). We also gratefully acknowledge European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). Gianluca Utzeri thanks Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) for PhD grant (SFR/BD/146358/2019). The Coimbra Chemistry Centre is supported by the FCT, through Projects UIDB/00313/2020 and UIDP/00313/2020. To all the beekeepers who provided a sample of honey for this study
Immobilization of Rhodococcus by encapsulation and entrapment: a green solution to bitter citrus by-products
No full textDebittering of citrus by-products is required to obtain value-added compounds for application in the food industry (e.g., dietary fber, bioactive compounds). In this work, the immobilization of Rhodococcus fascians cells by encapsulation in Ca-alginate hollow beads and entrapment in poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyethylene glycol (PVA/PEG) cryogels was studied as an alternative to chemical treatments for degrading the bitter compound limonin. Previously, the Rhodococcus strain was adapted using orange peel extract to increase its tolerance to limonoids. The optimal conditions for the encapsulation of
microbial cells were 2% Na-alginate, 4% CaCl2, 4% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and a microbial load of 0.6 OD600 (optical density at 600 nm). For immobilization by entrapment, the optimal conditions were 8% PVA, 8% PEG, and 0.6 OD600 microbial load. Immobilization by entrapment protected microbial cells better than encapsulation against the citrus medium stress conditions (acid pH and composition). Thus, under optimal immobilization conditions, limonin degradation was 32 and 28% for immobilization in PVA/PEG gels and in hollow beads, respectively, in synthetic juice (pH 3) after 72 h at 25 °C. Finally, the microbial cells entrapped in the cryogels showed a higher operational stability in orange juice than the encapsulated cells, with four consecutive cycles of reuse (runs of 24 h at 25 °C)
Monuments and ephemeral architecture in the holy settings of Saint Mary's cathedral in Vitoria-Gasteiz (16th-19th centuries)
No full textEn este trabajo hemos pretendido acercarnos a los monumentos de Semana Santa empleados en la catedral de Santa María de Vitoria-Gasteiz desde el siglo XVI hasta el XIX. Arquitecturas efímeras empleadas para celebrar los ritos de la Pascua cristiana, de los que tan solo nos quedan datos documentales y en el mejor de los casos trazas con las que poder ilustrar lo que fueron y su trascendencia en la escenografía sagrada.This paper aims to examine the Holy Week monuments used in Saint Mary’s Cathedral in Vitoria-Gasteiz from the 16th to the 19th century. Ephemeral architecture that was used to celebrate the rituals of Christian Easter, of which only documentary data exists or, in the best of cases, traces with which to illustrate what these were and their significance in holy settings.Este trabajo se incluye dentro del Proyecto de investigación del MINECO titulado “Disrupciones y continuidades en el proceso de la modernidad, siglos XVI-XIX. Un análisis pluridisciplinar (Historia, Arte, Literatura)” PID2020-114496RB-I00. Grupo de investigación del Sistema Universitario Vasco IT1465-22, “Sociedades, Procesos, Culturas (siglos VIII a XVIII)”
Cordoba silverware from the 16th and 17th centuries in the parish of Nuestra Señora del Soterraño in Aguilar de la Frontera (Córdoba)
No full textLa parroquia de Nuestra Señora del Soterraño de Aguilar de la Frontera (Córdoba) posee un tesoro argénteo muy abundante, con piezas cuya datación oscila entre los siglos XVI y la actualidad. El presente artículo se centra en el estudio histórico-artístico de las obras más antiguas, comprendidas entre 1500 y 1700. Las tipologías son muy variadas, desde cálices, crismeras, ciriales o portapaces, hasta lámparas, custodias, cruces procesionales y las puertas del sagrario de la Capilla del Sagrario. Entre los plateros que trabajan en estas piezas destacan Diego Fernández, Rodrigo de León y Diego de León.The parish of Nuestra Señora del Soterraño in Aguilar de la Frontera (Córdoba) has a very abun-dant silver treasure, with pieces dating from the 16th century to the present day. This article fo-cuses on the historical-artistic study of the oldest Works, between 1500 and 1700. The typologies are very varied, from chalices, chrysmers, candlesticks or peace holders, to lamps, monstrances, processional crosses and the doors of the tabercable of the tabernacle Chapel. Among the sil-versmiths who were on these pieces are Diego Fernández, Rodrigo de León and Diego de León
EU migrant return and readmission agreements: between legitimacy and usefulness
No full textEste trabajo analiza los Acuerdos de readmisión y los Convenios informales o no vinculantes que la UE ha suscrito con terceros en materia de retorno y de readmisión con el objeto de facilitar el retorno y el tránsito de las personas que ya no cumplen las condiciones de entrada, estancia o residencia en su respectivo territorio. En él se da respuesta fundamentalmente a los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Qué son y qué características particulares presentan? ¿Cuáles son y qué procedimientos se han seguido para su celebración? ¿Cuáles son sus principales contenidos materiales o sustantivos? Un conjunto de consideraciones finales pone fin a este estudio señalando, entre otras cosas, que se sitúan entre su debatida legitimidad y su limitada utilidad.This paper analyzes the readmission agreements and the informal or non-binding agreements that the EU has signed with third parties regarding return and readmission in order to facilitate the return and transit of people who no longer meet the conditions of entry, stay or residence in their respective territory. It mainly answers the following questions: What are they and what particular characteristics do they present? Which are they and what procedures have been followed for their celebration? What are its main material or substantive contents? A set of final considerations brings this study to an end, pointing out, among other things, that they fall between its debated legitimacy and its limited usefulness