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Lepton Universality measurements in semileptonic decays of b-quark hadrons in the LHCb experiment at CERN
Get PDFIn the Standard Model (SM), Lepton Flavour Universality (LFU)
is a property that implies that the coupling between gauge
bosons and the different leptons does not depend on the flavour
of the lepton. In particular, the so-called LFU ratios such as
R(D(*)0)=BF(B→D(*)0τν)/BF(B→D(*)0μν) are being thoroughly
measured by different experiments, finding tensions with the
SM predictions up to the 3 sigma range. In this thesis, a
preliminary simultaneous measurement of the B→D(*)0τν
branching fractions and the R(D(*)0) LFU ratios is reported,
done with LHCb data from the years 2016–2018. The obtained
results, with blinded values, are R(D0) = x ± 0.12 and R(D*0) =
x ± 0.043.
In addition, the base work for a complementary and analogous
measurement of the R(D(*)-) is laid out
Two-dimensional visualization of classification and regression problems. Automatic prediction of behavior from sensory data in autism spectrum disorder
No full textThis thesis formulates methods to perform classification and
regression by projecting high-dimensional patterns in two
dimensions. These methods create a 2D classification or
regression map to visualize the data as a political (for
classification) or temperature (for regression) map, where each
pixel in the map has an associated prediction. The thesis also
uses 26 machine learning models for the automatic prediction
of behavior in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder using
sensory processing information. Behavior and sensory data are
extracted from their respective questionnaires. Out of 11
behavior outcomes, the prediction of externalizing problems is
very reliable and accurate enough in other 7 outcomes
Siderophores: Chemical tools for precise antibiotic delivery
Get PDFThe success of precision medicine coupled with the disappointing impact of broad-spectrum antibiotic use on microbiome stability and bacterial resistance, has triggered a shift in antibiotic design strategies toward precision antibiotics. This also includes the implementation of novel vectorization approaches directed to improve the internalization of antibacterial agents into deadly gram-negative pathogens through precise and well-defined mechanisms. The conjugation of antibiotics to siderophores (iron scavengers), which are compounds that are able to afford stable iron-complexes that facilitate the internalization into the cell by using bacterial iron uptake pathways as gateways, is a strategy that has begun to show excellent results with the commercialization of the first antibiotic based on this principle, cefiderocol. This digests review provides an overview of the molecular basis for this antibiotic-siderophore conjugation approach, along with recent successful examples and highlights future challenges facing this booming research areaFinancial support from the Spanish State Agency of Research (PID2019-105512RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), the Xunta de Galicia [ED431C 2021/29 and Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia Accreditation 2019-2022 (ED431G 2019/03)], and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) is gratefully acknowledgedS
Instrucción 3/2023 de la Secretaría General de 16-06-2023 relativa a la gestión documental de títulos propios
No full textPublicado no Taboleiro Electrónico o 19/06/2023
Orthogonal Metal Catalysis in Biological Systems
No full textOver the past two decades, the development of bioorthogonal chemistry has
revolutionized the chemical tools available for cell research. In this thesis, we have developed novel ruthenium
complexes that enable ruthenium-catalyzed azide-thioalkyne cycloadditions to occur under highly efficient
micromolar conditions, even in the presence of cells. Moreover, we have successfully translated rutheniumcatalyzed
alkene-alkyne coupling into aqueous and bioorthogonal conditions, enabling the modification of peptides
to occur efficiently under micromolar conditions. Furthermore, we have engineered a new ruthenium isomerization
reaction that can take place inside living mammalian cells, which can be used to effectively deplete the natural cell
levels of GSH. Finally, we have demonstrated that discrete organometallic catalysts can be used in combination
with natural enzymes to create a primitive artificial metabolic network, even inside living cells.2024-03-3
Translating the 2030 Agenda into reality through stakeholder engagement
Get PDFThis paper analyses the current state and the dynamic evolution of corporate transparency practices in relation to the 2030 Agenda in the context of stakeholder engagement. Considering six key stakeholder groups and 53 information items related to business actions aligned with the 2030 Agenda, data from 5908 companies worldwide corresponding to the period 2015–2019 are analysed by using X-STATIS to identify which stakeholder groups have a meaningful role in fostering business contribution to the 2030 Agenda. The results show a low level of corporate transparency in relation to business contribution to the 2030 Agenda. Companies are mainly focused on transparency practices aimed at investors and shareholders. Conversely, customers and the environment are the less considered stakeholder groups. European countries are the leaders in this regard, whereas countries such as the United Arab Emirates and Qatar present the worst records in corporate transparency regarding the 2030 Agenda. The findings have a practical value by providing a picture of how companies use Sustainable Development Goal reporting to optimise relationships with key stakeholdersJunta de Castilla y Leon y Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, Grant/Award Number: CLU-2019-03 Unidad de Excelencia GECOS; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, Grant/Award Number: RTI2018-093423-B-I00; Xunta de Galicia, Grant/Award Number: 2020 GPC GI-2016S
Acuerdo del Consejo de Gobierno del 23-11-2023, que aprobó la modificación del Reglamento de Publicidad Institucional Activa de la USC
No full textDocumento en Galego.
Data de publicación no taboleiro electrónico da USC o 6-12-202
Prácticas parentales y uso problemático de Internet en una muestra clínica de adolescentes
Get PDFIntroducción: Estudios previos han demostrado el papel determinante de las prácticas parentales sobre el uso problemático de Internet (UPI) pero se desconoce qué variables familiares específicas están asociadas al UPI en muestras clínicas. Además, existe poca concordancia entre la percepción de padres e hijos sobre las variables de crianza familiar y de uso de Internet. Por este motivo, en este estudio se analiza la relación entre el UPI y las prácticas parentales en una muestra clínica, controlando los problemas de conducta y la personalidad de los adolescentes, y se examina la concordancia a través de correlación intraclase entre las percepciones de padres e hijos en estas variables. Método: Se cuenta con una muestra de 92 adolescentes de dos centros de salud mental infanto-juvenil. Resultados: Se encuentra que las prácticas de disciplina inconsistente y baja implicación parental son predictoras de UPI. Además, la concordancia encontrada entre padres e hijos es moderada-baja, tanto en las prácticas parentales percibidas como en el UPI. Discusión: Este estudio permite determinar la importancia de las prácticas parentales en el UPI de los adolescentes que acuden a centros de salud mental, así como la necesidad de realizar una evaluación exhaustiva más allá de los autoinformes, dada la baja concordancia entre padres e hijos.Introduction: Previous studies have shown the determining role of parenting practices on problematic Internet use (PIU), but it is unknown which specific family variables are associated with UPI in clinical samples. In addition, there is often little concordance through intraclass correlation between the perception of parents and children on the variables of family rearing and Internet use. For this reason, the objectives of this study are to analyze the relationship between UPI and parental practices in a clinical sample, controlling for behavior problems and adolescents› personality, and to examine the concordance between the perceptions of parents and children. Method: Data was collected from a sample of 92 adolescents in two mental health centers for children and adolescents. Results: The results indicate that inconsistent discipline practices and low parental involvement are predictors of UPI. In addition, the concordance between parents and children is moderate-to-low both in parenting practices and in the UPI. Discussion: This study makes it possible to determine the importance of parenting practices in the UPI of adolescents who attend mental health care; additionally, the need for an exhaustive evaluation beyond self-reports is detected, given the low concordance between parents and children.S
Direito ao lazer da infância e lazer da família no confinamento: aprendizados e desafios
Get PDFEl objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la relación entre el ocio y la conciliación de las familias durante el confinamiento, analizando la función desempeñada por las instituciones educativas y los cambios experimentados en el ocio infantil durante la pandemia. Este estudio presenta un carácter exploratorio en el que se utiliza un diseño cualitativo a través de la entrevista en profundidad semiestructurada y se realiza un análisis basado en procesos tanto inductivos como deductivos, mediante el programa para el análisis cualitativo ATLAS.ti. Para la realización del estudio se seleccionó a un grupo de 11 personas expertas (72,7% mujeres) vinculadas al análisis y/o puesta en marcha de servicios de apoyo a las familias y actividades de ocio de la infancia. Los resultados indican que el ocio familiar durante el confinamiento supuso un aumento del tiempo compartido, de la realización de actividades en común y una mejora del conocimiento mutuo, pero también un incremento del uso de pantallas y una mayor conflictividad en la convivencia en las familias con adolescentes. Respecto al ocio de la infancia tras el confinamiento, se detecta una mayor valoración de las actividades al aire libre y en el medio natural y un ocio festivo en grupo más reducidos, pero también un incremento del coste de las actividades y una gran demanda de las familias en cuestiones de apoyo psicológico-emocional a la infancia. La valoración del papel de las instituciones durante la pandemia es negativa, identificándose un sentimiento de abandono de las familias y de las empresas en materia de ocio. Se concluye que durante este periodo tuvieron lugar cambios y aprendizajes en las dinámicas familiares respecto al ocio, lo que nos permite conocer las prioridades y necesidades de las familias abriendo una posible línea de investigación para estudiar si estas modificaciones han venido para quedarseThis paper aims to study the relationship between leisure and family work-life
balance during the COVID-19 lockdown, analysing the educational institutions’ role and the
changes in children’s leisure experiences during the pandemic. Using the ATLAS.ti software,
this exploratory study uses a qualitative design through a semi-structured in-depth interview
and an analysis based on inductive and deductive processes. A group of 11 experts (72.7%
women) involved in the analysis and/or implementation of family support services and children’s
leisure activities were selected for the study. Results show that family leisure during the
COVID-19 lockdown involved an increase in time spent together and in shared activities and
an improvement in mutual knowledge, but also a rise in screen use and more conflicts in the
coexistence of families with adolescents. Concerning children’s leisure time after lockdown,
a greater appreciation of outdoor activities and activities in natural settings is detected, as
well as festive leisure in smaller groups, but also an increase in the activities’ cost and considerable
demand from families of psychological and emotional support for children. Finally, the
assessment of institutions’ role during the COVID-19 pandemic was negative, identifying an
abandonment feeling by families and companies from the government in leisure. However, it is
concluded that during this period, changes and learning took place in leisure family dynamics,
which allows us to understand the priorities and needs of families, opening up a possible line
of research to study whether these changes are here to stayO objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a relação entre o lazer e a conciliação familiar
durante o confinamento, analisando o papel desempenhado pelas instituições de ensino e
as mudanças vividas no lazer infantil durante a pandemia. Este estudo apresenta um caráter
exploratório em que se utiliza um delineamento qualitativo por meio de entrevista semiestruturada
em profundidade e realiza uma análise qualitativa com base em processos indutivos
e dedutivos, utilizando o programa ATLAS.ti. Para a realização do estudo, foi selecionado
um grupo de 11 especialistas (72,7% mulheres) vinculados à análise e/ou implementação de
serviços de apoio às famílias e atividades de lazer para crianças. Os resultados indicam que o
lazer familiar durante o confinamento significou um aumento do tempo compartilhado, da realização
de atividades em comum e uma melhoria do conhecimento mútuo, mas também um
aumento do uso de ecrãs e um maior conflito na convivência em famílias com adolescentes.
Em relação ao lazer infantil após o confinamento, consta uma maior valorização das atividades
ao ar livre e em ambiente natural, assim como um menor lazer festivo em grupo, mas também
um aumento do custo das atividades e uma grande procura das mesmas famílias em matéria
de apoio psicológico-emocional para as crianças. A avaliação do papel das instituições durante
a pandemia é negativa, identificando-se um sentimento de abandono por parte das famílias
e das empresas em termos de lazer. Conclui-se que neste período ocorreram mudanças e
aprendizados na dinâmica familiar quanto ao lazer, o que nos permite conhecer as prioridades
e as necessidades das famílias, abrindo uma possível linha de pesquisa para estudar se essas
modificações vieram para ficarS
Factores de adhesión al cribado de cáncer colorrectal en población de riesgo medio
Get PDFEl cáncer colorrectal (CCR) es la segunda causa de muerte por
cáncer. El principal factor pronóstico es el estadio tumoral
al diagnóstico. Existen programas de cribado, pero la
participación es menor del 50%. Realizamos un estudio
observacional de casos y controles multicéntrico con el objetivo
de identificar los factores asociados a la participación en
el cribado de CCR. Las variables asociadas de forma
independiente fueron la edad avanzada, tener pareja estable,
disponer de una red social amplia, objetivar barreras para
participar en el cribado de CCR y participar en otras
actividades
preventivas. Estos resultados han de tenerse en cuenta a la
hora de diseñar estrategias preventivas y estudios de
intervención, para conseguir aumentar la adhesión a los
programas de cribado y con ello reducir la mortalidad por CCR