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Busca de preditores da reiteración de conduta suicida atendida nun servizo de urxencias hospitalario
Get PDFAs cifras de conduta suicida e de suicidio están medrando,
facendo necesario o seu estudo para unha máis axeitada
intervención. Recolleuse información dos episodios atendidos
por este motivo no Servizo de Urxencias Hospitalario da
ASF entre os anos 2012 ó 2014, así como a evolución deses
usuarios durante 4 anos recollendo distintos factores sociodemográficos,
clínicos, asistenciais e psicométricos. Cos
mesmos describíuse a realidade asistencial sobre esta
problemática no período indicado, así como a esculca dos
diferentes factores que poden estar relacionados coa súa
evolución, en canto reiteración dun novo episodio da mesma
como tamén en relación cun probable suicidio. Os resultados
indican que o reintento dáse nun 30% da poboación estudada, e
o probable suicidio no 2,7%, véndose influído por
distintos factores
Ionogels based on protic ionic liquid - lithium salt mixtures
Get PDFThe effect of the addition of lithium nitrate on the liquid range and electrical conductivity of mixtures of a protic ionic liquid, ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) with LiNO3 is reported in this work. Moreover, changes in these properties upon confinement in silica-based matrices are also analysed and related to variations on the microstructure of the mixtures. Our results show that gelation of the mixtures induces amorphous behaviour in all the samples, but no significant changes in the thermal stability are detected. However, important differences on the electrical conductivity of the liquid and gel states of the mixtures were observed. While this magnitude decreases with the addition of salt in the liquid samples for all the temperatures it increases at low concentrations of LiNO3 up to a maximum in the gelled samples with the lowest concentration of added salt (0.1 mol of salt by kg of EAN). High resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) NMR shows that the addition of lithium nitrate increases the mobility (both rotational and translational motion) of the cation EA+ within the ionogel and the diffusion of the cation provides evidence of the presence of two different populations of the same molecules experiencing two distinct apparent diffusion coefficients (bi-exponential decay of magnetization in diffusion NMR experiments), while it is mono-exponential in the pure ionic liquid. The Li+ cation is shown to display a higher mobility (both rotational and translational motion) in the ionogel than in the neat ionic liquid. The frustration of the formation of solvation complexes due to the confinement is suspected to be behind this behaviourAuthors acknowledge M. Gómez (RIAIDT-USC) for the technical support in DSC measurements. This work was supported by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER Program through the projects MAT2017-89239-C2-1-P and MAT2017-89239-C2-2-P and the SISE Network RED2018-102679-T as well as by Xunta de Galicia through GRC ED431C 2020/10 project and the Galician Network of Ionic Liquids (ReGaLIs) ED431D 2017/06. P. Vallet and J. J. Parajó thank funding support of FPI Program from Spanish Ministry of Science, Education and Universities and I2C postdoctoral Program of Xunta de Galicia, respectivelyS
First description of adenosine production by Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi, causal agent of chestnut brown rot
Get PDFGnomoniopsis smithogilvyi (Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales) is the main causal agent of chestnut brown rot on sweet chestnut worldwide. The rotting of nuts leads to alterations in the organoleptic qualities and decreased fruit production, resulting in significant economic losses. In 2021, there was an important outbreak of chestnut rot in southern Galicia (Spanish northwest). The profile of secondary metabolites from G. smithogilvyi was studied, especially to determine its capability for producing mycotoxins, as happens with other rotting fungi, due to the possible consequences on the safety of chestnut consumption. Secondary metabolites produced by isolates of G. smithogilvyi growing in potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium were identified using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Three metabolites with interesting pharmacological and phyto-toxicological properties were identified based on their exact mass and fragmentation patterns, namely adenosine, oxasetin, and phytosphingosine. The capacity of G. smithogilvyi to produce adenosine in PDA cultures was assessed, finding concentrations ranging from 176 to 834 µg/kg. Similarly, the production of mycotoxins was ruled out, indicating that the consumption of chestnuts with necrotic lesions does not pose a health risk to the consumer in terms of mycotoxins.The research leading to these results has received funding from the following grants. From Campus Terra (USC), BreveRiesgo (2022-PU011) CLIMIGAL (2022- PU016). From Conselleria de Cultura, Educacion e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia, GRC (ED431C 2021/01). From Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación IISCIII/PI19/001248, PID 2020-11262RB-C21, Grant CPP2021-008447 funded by MCIN/AEI/https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 and by The European Union NextGenerationEU/PRT. From European Union, Interreg EAPA-0032/2022 – BEAP-MAR, HORIZON-MSCA-2022-DN-01-MSCA Doctoral Networks 2022 101119901-BIOTOXDoc, and HORIZON-CL6-2023-CIRCBIO-01 COMBO-101135438. Authors thank Dirección Xeral de Ordenación e Planificación Forestal (Xunta de Galicia, Spain) and Centro Agroforestal Riós for helpful assistance in the collection of samples.S
Changing the clocks: Latitudes and attitudes
Get PDFReprinted with permission from Martín Olalla, J.M. y Mira-Pérez, J. (2024). Changing the clocks: Latitudes and attitudes. Physics Today, 77 (2), 10. Copyright 2024, AIP Publishing. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other uses requires prior permission of the author and the AIP Publishing.S
Simultaneous determination of carbonyl compounds related to thermal treatment and oxidative stability of infant formulas by gas-diffusion microextraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection
Get PDFInfant formulae are the only possible alternative to breastfeeding during the first year of life, so it is crucial to assure their innocuousness. Infant formula undergoes heat treatments to ensure safety and shelf life. However, such processes impact health as they lead to the formation of malondialdehyde, acrolein, and α-dicarbonyl compounds, related to Maillard reaction. Thus, there is a need for improved analytical methods to ensure the safety, quality, and nutritional value of infant formulae, and also exploring the potential of specific compounds as indicators for quality control and monitoring purposes. We developed and validated a novel, efficient, and cost-effective method using gas-diffusion microextraction for the simultaneous quantification of carbonyl compounds in infant formula. Malondialdehyde, acrolein, glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and diacetyl were detected as o-phenylenediamine derivatives using HPLC with UV detection. Parameters influencing extraction efficiency were studied using an asymmetric screening design. The validated method has shown excellent linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. It was applied to analyze 26 infant formula samples, including starter, follow-up, and special formulated powdered infant formula. Methylglyoxal was found in all samples (0.201–3.153 μg mL−1), while malondialdehyde was present only in certain starter formulas (1.033–1.802 μg mL−1). Acrolein (0.510–3.246 μg mL−1), glyoxal (0.109–1.253 μg mL−1), and diacetyl (0.119–2.001 μg mL−1) were detected in various sample types. Principal components and hierarchical cluster analyses have showcased distinct sample clustering based on analyte contents. This study presents a novel methodology for the analysis of markers of thermal treatment and oxidative stability in infant formula. It contributes to the characterization of the products’ composition and quality control of infant formulae, thereby enhancing their safety and nutritional adequacy. This study also presents the first reported quantification of acrolein in infant formula and introduces the application of the acrolein-o-phenylenediamine derivative for food analysisThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (Project RTI2018‐096450‐B‐I00) and FEDER funds. This work was also supported by Portuguese national funds (FCT/MCTES, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior) through the projects UIDB/50006/2020 and UIDP/50006/2020 and the contract of I.M. Valente (program DL 57/2016 – Norma transitória, ref. SFRH/BPD/111181/2015)S
Moluscos solenogastros Pruvotinidae de las campañas IceAge: estudio morfoanatómico en 3D y sistemática molecular
No full textLos solenogastros son moluscos marinos vermiformes. Son epifauna
bentónica o epizoicos de cnidarios, de los cuales se alimentan. La clase
comprende 313 especies agrupadas en 4 órdenes y 23 familias. Los
caracteres morfológicos para su agrupación varían desde el tipo de
escleritos hasta el tipo de rádula y las estructuras reproductivas.
En el orden Cavibelonia, con escleritos huecos, está la familia
Pruvotinidae, por lo general con escleritos en forma de gancho y con
presencia o ausencia de glándula dorsal.
El objetivo de la investigación es estudiar los ejemplares pruvotínidos
de la colección IceAge de aguas islandesas. Se clasificaron mediante
descripciones morfoanatómicas completas y estudios moleculares.
Todo ello tiene como objetivo aclarar la taxonomía del complejo
familiar Pruvotinidae
Andamiajes compuestos de ácido poliláctico y bioapatitas derivadas de dientes de tiburón fabricados mediante tecnología de impresión 3D. Ensayos preclínicos
No full textLa regeneración de tejidos óseos continúa siendo en la
actualidad un importante problema clínico y
socioeconómico, tanto en medicina humana como en veterinaria. La falta de sustitutos óseos clínicamente
relevantes hace patente la necesidad de investigar nuevos
métodos alternativos que puedan ser utilizados en el proceso de curación ósea. El objetivo de esta Tesis Doctoral fue la síntesis de andamiajes compuestos de ácido poliláctico y bioapatitas derivadas de dientes de tiburón fabricados mediante tecnología de impresión 3D, y la evaluación de su potencial para lograr la regeneración de defectos óseos, modificando su composición o su patrón de
impresión
Delegation and strategic altruism, a theoretical approach
No full textIn this paper we introduce two refinements of Nash equilibria for extensive form games: the quasi-stable equilibrium and the stable equilibrium. We then introduce the general strategic game with delegates and study the new solutions in that context. We apply the new solution concepts to symmetric n-player games in which each player has two strategies. The main conclusion is that, in the prisoner's dilemma, if the punishment payoff is sufficient, when both players choose strategically altruistic delegates they can obtain the cooperative payoff
Examining the effects of pleasantness ratings on correct and false recognition in the DRM paradigm: accuracy, recollection and familiarity estimates
Get PDFDistinctive encoding usually increases correct recognition while also producing
a reduction in false recognition. In the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM)
illusion this phenomenon, called the mirror effect, occurs when participants
focus on unique features of each of the words in the study list. In previous
studies, the pleasantness rating task, used to foster distinctive encoding,
generated different patterns of results. The main aim of our research is to
examine under what circumstances this task can produce the mirror effect in the
DRM paradigm, based on evidence from recognition accuracy and subjective
retrieval experience. In Experiment 1, a standard version (word pleasantness
rating on a 5-point Likert-type scale) was used for comparison with two other
encoding conditions: shallow processing (vowel identification) and a readonly
control. The standard task, compared to the other conditions, increased
correct recognition, but did not reduce false recognition, and this result may
be affected by the number of lists presented for study. Therefore, in experiment
2, to minimize the possible effect of the so-called retention size, the number of
studied lists was reduced. In addition, the standard version was compared with
a supposedly more item-specific version (participants rated the pleasantness of
words while thinking of a single reason for this), also including the read-only
control condition. In both versions of the pleasantness rating task, more correct
recognition is achieved compared to the control condition, with no differences
between the two versions. In the false recognition observed here, only the
specific pleasantness rating task achieved a reduction relative to the control
condition. On the other hand, the subjective retrieval experience accompanied
correct and false recognition in the various study conditions. Although the
standard pleasantness rating task has been considered to perform item-specific
processing, our results challenge that claim. Furthermore, we propose a possible
boundary condition of the standard task for the reduction of false recognition
in the DRM paradigmThe author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was partially supported by Axencia Galega de Innovación and Consellería de Economía, Industria e Innovación, Xunta de Galicia (ED431B 2022/19), and by the University of Santiago de CompostelaS