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Rural-urban differences in older adults’ life satisfaction and its determining factors
Get PDFAlthough determinants of life satisfaction in older adults have been well documented, research has to date failed to fully address the experience of older adults living in places with different levels of urbanization. Furthermore, there are conflictive findings regarding the type of residence environment that offers the greatest benefits for the wellbeing of older adults. Our study proposes an integrative research model to determine the nature of the relationships between loneliness, self-esteem and life satisfaction, with a particular focus on the living environment (rural-urban) of the older adults. Using a cross-sectional survey design volunteers (aged 60+) from rural (n = 198) and urban (n = 198) in Galicia (Spain) completed a questionnaire. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to test the relationships between loneliness, self-esteem and life satisfaction and multigroup analysis was performed to analyse the existence of differences in the relationships based on the area of residence of older adults. We found that higher levels of loneliness were a significant predictor of reduced life satisfaction and reduced self-esteem. Self-esteem not only increases life satisfaction, but also reduces the negative impact loneliness may have on it. Where the older adults lived had a significant effect on the relationships between loneliness, self-esteem and life satisfaction. The relationships were stronger for older adults living in urban areas. Differentiated policy initiatives should be considered, depending on the area of residence in order to increase the life satisfaction of older adults.S
La Historia de la Familia en Tenerife al final del Antiguo Régimen
No full textGracias a la información contenida en el Padrón de habitantes
de Tenerife de 1779, hemos estudiado las características
más sobresalientes de los hogares rurales, urbanos y
portuenses. Para ello, hemos partido del empleo de la tipología
familiar desarrollada por el Grupo de Cambridge, la cual nos
permitió realizar un análisis comparativo de las estructuras
familiares, la composición, el tamaño, la geografía y la
evolución de los agregados domésticos en función de la edad, el
género y la profesión del jefe de casa. Además, los padrones de
1779 y 1835 nos han permitido hacernos una idea de las
aportaciones del trabajo desempeñado por las mujeres y los/as
niños/as a las economías domésticas de sus respectivas
familias, lo que nos llevó a calcular las tasas de actividad
laboral y las estructuras ocupacionales.2025-05-2
The vomeronasal system of the wolf (Canis lupus signatus): The singularities of a wild canid
No full textWolves, akin to their fellow canids, extensively employ chemical signals for various aspects of communication, including territory maintenance, reproductive synchronisation and social hierarchy signalling. Pheromone-mediated chemical communication operates unconsciously among individuals, serving as an innate sensory modality that regulates both their physiology and behaviour. Despite its crucial role in the life of the wolf, there is a lacuna in comprehensive research on the neuroanatomical and physiological underpinnings of chemical communication within this species. This study investigates the vomeronasal system (VNS) of the Iberian wolf, simultaneously probing potential alterations brought about by dog domestication. Our findings demonstrate the presence of a fully functional VNS, vital for pheromone-mediated communication, in the Iberian wolf. While macroscopic similarities between the VNS of the wolf and the domestic dog are discernible, notable microscopic differences emerge. These distinctions include the presence of neuronal clusters associated with the sensory epithelium of the vomeronasal organ (VNO) and a heightened degree of differentiation of the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB). Immunohistochemical analyses reveal the expression of the two primary families of vomeronasal receptors (V1R and V2R) within the VNO. However, only the V1R family is expressed in the AOB. These findings not only yield profound insights into the VNS of the wolf but also hint at how domestication might have altered neural configurations that underpin species-specific behaviours. This understanding holds implications for the development of innovative strategies, such as the application of semiochemicals for wolf population management, aligning with contemporary conservation goalsConsello Social from the University of Santiago de Compostela. Grant Number: 2022-PU004S
Minerva vs. Portal de investigación da USC : Ferramentas da BUSC para visibilizar e difundir a produción científica
No full textInfografía sobre as funcionalidades que distinguen ao repositorio institucional da USC, Minerva, do Portal de Investigación da USC, e dos pasos imprescindibles para que o PDI dispoña da súa produción científica nestes recursos.Infografía sobre las funcionalidades que distinguen al repositorio institucional da USC, Minerva, del Portal de Investigación da USC, y de los pasos imprescindibles para que el PDI disponga de su producción científica en estos recursos
Curricula in Higher Education: Is gender a priority?
Get PDFLos patrones androcéntricos imperantes en las sociedades actuales todavía son los dominantes en las dinámicas
educativas. La violencia y discriminación también hallan espacios dentro de los muros de la academia. Teniendo en
cuenta la responsabilidad formativa y social de la universidad, es importante indagar en esta realidad. El objetivo de este
estudio es identificar las asignaturas de género impartidas en las titulaciones de Educación. A través de una estrategia
de complementariedad, se han revisado los planes de estudio de las universidades españolas en las que se imparten los
Grados en Educación Primaria, Infantil, Social y Pedagogía; paralelamente, participaron 619 estudiantes de una Facultad
de Ciencias de una universidad de carácter público española. Se evidencia la escasa formación específica en género que
reciben las/os futuras/os profesionales de la educación. Destacan positivamente los Grados en Educación Social: más de
la mitad de las universidades que ofrecen esta disciplina ofertan materias específicas sobre género. El alumnado
participante confirma no haber cursado materias ni haber recibido formación sobre género, a pesar de considerarlo
relevante para su futuro profesional. Esta investigación visibiliza la necesidad de revisar los planes de estudio de todas
las facultades para otorgar más y mejores herramientas formativas en lo relativo al trabajo desde, por y para la igualdad
de géneroThe prevailing androcentric patterns in today's societies are still dominant in educational dynamics. The university is not
on the sidelines, so violence and discrimination also find spaces within the walls of the academy. Considering the
educational and social responsibility of the university, it is important to investigate this reality. Thus, the objective of this
study is to evaluate the gender training provided in the four major Education degrees both from the voice of students, and
through the review of study plans of the Spanish universities. Through a strategy of complementarity, the study plans of
the Spanish universities in which the Degrees in Primary, Early Childhood, Social and Pedagogy Education are taught. At
the same time, 619 students from a Faculty of Sciences of a Spanish public university participated. The lack of specific
gender training that future education professionals receive is evident. The Degrees in Social Education stand out positively,
since more than half of the universities that offer this discipline offer specific subjects on gender. The participating students
confirm that they have not taken courses or attended training sessions on gender, despite the fact that they consider this
training to be relevant for their professional future. This research makes visible the need to review the study plans of the
Spanish Faculties of Educational Sciences to provide more and better training tools in relation to work from, by and for
gender equalityEsta investigación está financiada por las “Ayudas de Investigación de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela para la ejecución de proyectos destinados al desarrollo de medidas del Pacto de Estado contra la Violencia de Género 2022” (Ministerio de Igualdad, Gobierno de España)S
Bioconjugation of proteins to nanoparticles for the development of advanced therapies
No full textProteins are biomacromolecules that catalyze multiple
biological processes, being promising therapeutic agents.
However, issues such as enzymatic degradation, short half-life
and low bioavailability make their use in the clinic
inefficient. In this respect, nanotechnology arises as a potent
tool to overcome these limitations, offering protection of
cargo, increased bioavailability and reduced immunogenicity.
Within this frame, the main aim of this thesis is the
development of novel protein nanotherapeutics by exploring
several bioconjugation strategies, providing evidence of their
benefits in cancer therapy and gene editing. Altogether, this
thesis sheds light on the potential of a versatile nanoplatform
for protein delivery as translational medicines and open the
door for further application in advanced therapies
Age Estimation and Gender Determination using Measurements of Maxillary Central Incisor and First Molar on Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Get PDFThe aim of this research was to obtain regression equations for estimating age and gender determination in three slices of maxillary central incisors and molars using CBCT. Material and Methods. A total of 360 randomly selected CBCTs were included in this cross-sectional study. The sample size was determined by means of the Slovin’sformula. Results. The equations obtained from sagittal linear measurements and ratios presented a standard error of the estimate (SEE) of 12.4 years. The binary logistic regression models for predicting gender indicated that ace_MDTL demonstrates a significant positive effect on predicting male gender. Conclusion. The present study shows that CBCT linear measurements on upper central incisors and upper first molar are an acceptable method for age and gender estimation
In vitro models for neuropathic pain phenotypic screening in brain therapeutics
Get PDFThe discovery of brain therapeutics faces a significant challenge due to the low translatability of preclinical results into clinical success. To address this gap, several efforts have been made to obtain more translatable neuronal models for phenotypic screening. These models allow the selection of active compounds without predetermined knowledge of drug targets. In this review, we present an overview of various existing models within the field, examining their strengths and limitations, particularly in the context of neuropathic pain research. We illustrate the usefulness of these models through a comparative review in three crucial areas: i) the development of novel phenotypic screening strategies specifically for neuropathic pain, ii) the validation of the models for both primary and secondary screening assays, and iii) the use of the models in target deconvolution processesThe authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The research for this work was supported by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PID2020-119428RB-I00) and Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2022/20) and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). NC was in receipt of a predoctoral grant (ED481A 2021) from Xunta de Galicia and MB was in receipt of a predoctoral grant (ED481A-2020) from Xunta de GaliciaS
The influence of information and communication technologies on physical activity in primary education: A systematic review
Get PDFEl objetivo de este estudio es el de identificar y analizar aquellas herramientas de las
tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) que, desde el ámbito educativo,
aumentan la cantidad de actividad física (AF) realizada por el alumnado de 5 a 12 años
y/o el interés y la motivación que muestran por su aplicación. Durante el trabajo que
presentamos se examinaron estudios publicados en tres bases de datos (Scopus, Web of
Science y SportDiscus) siguiendo las pautas de la declaración PRISMA. Se identificaron
747 artículos, de los que 11 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Los resultados mostraron
la ineficacia de las TIC en el incremento de la práctica de AF, pero constataron
que proporcionaban grandes beneficios en el interés y la motivación del alumnado hacia
la práctica de AF. La potencialidad de las TIC en referencia a la educación física escolar
nos muestra una posible alianza estratégica que los docentes deben valorar como forma
de acercamiento y adhesión a la práctica de AFL’objectiu d’aquest estudi és el d’identificar i analitzar aquelles eines de les tecnologies de
la informació i la comunicació (TIC) que, des de l’àmbit educatiu, augmenten la quantitat
d’activitat física (AF) realitzada per l’alumnat de 5 a 12 anys i/o l’interès i la motivació que
mostren per la seva aplicació. Durant el treball que presentem es van examinar estudis
publicats a tres bases de dades (Scopus, Web of Science i SportDiscus), tot seguint les
pautes de la declaració PRISMA, i es van identificar 747 articles, 11 dels quals van complir els criteris d’inclusió. Els resultats van mostrar la ineficàcia de les TIC en l’increment de la
pràctica d’AF, però van constatar que proporcionaven grans beneficis en l’interès i la motivació
de l’alumnat vers la pràctica d’AF. La potencialitat de les TIC en referència a l’educació
física escolar ens mostra una possible aliança estratègica que els docents han de valorar com
a actitud d’acostament i adhesió a la pràctica d’AFThe aim of this study was to identify and analyse information and communication technologies
(ICT) tools that, in the educational field, increase the amount of physical activity
carried out by students aged 5 to 12 years old and/or increase their interest and motivation
for such activity. Studies published in three databases were examined: Scopus, Web of
Science and SPORTDiscus, following the guidelines of the PRISMA statement. A total
of 747 articles were identified, of which eleven met the inclusion criteria. The results
showed the ineffectiveness of ICT in increasing the practice of physical activity, but found
that they provided great benefits in the interest and motivation of students towards the
practice of physical activity. The potential of ICT in school physical education shows us
a possible strategic alliance that teachers should value as a way of approaching and adhering
to the practice of physical activityS
Interacciones en nanomateriales magnéticos y su influencia en aplicaciones biomédicas y tecnológicas
Get PDFEn la presente tesis se ha investigado el papel de las
interacciones de sistemas nanoestructurados magnéticos y su
influencia tanto en aplicaciones tecnológicas como en
biomédicas. Por un lado, se investigó la interacción de canje,
mediante el efecto exchange bias, en sistemas de
nanopartículas huecas. En segundo lugar, se diseñó un sistema
modelo basado en nanopartículas magnéticas que permitió
obtener la constante de anisotropía libre de interacciones
dipolares, clave en procesos de hipertermia magnética. Por
último, la variación en los parámetros de diseño y métodos
sintéticos permitió explorar la aplicación de las nanopartículas
magnéticas como agentes ópticos y agentes terapéuticos
en hipertermia magnética