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Salicylic Acid Improves Yield, Fruit Quality, and Post-Harvest Storage in Sweet Cherry (<i>Prunus avium</i> L.) cv. Lapins Subjected to Late-Deficit Irrigation
No full textThis study evaluated the effect of salicylic acid (SA) application on yield, fruit quality, and post-harvest storage in Prunus avium subjected to deficit irrigation (DI). A field experiment with six-year-old P. avium cv. Lapins was performed under two water treatments: irrigation at 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) [full irrigation (FI)] and irrigation at 60% ETc from the second fruit phase to harvest time (DI). A single 0.5 mM SA was applied to both water treatments at fruit color change. At harvest time, fruits were collected to determine yield, fruit quality, and quality during post-harvest storage (0, 10, 20, and 30 days). The DI reduced fruit yield (11%), fruit weight (8%), and caliber (6%) and increased firmness (7%) and total soluble solids (TSS) (5%) in P. avium compared with FI plants at harvest time. Our study showed that SA application recovered fruit yield (9%), fruit weight (5%), and caliber (4%), improving TSS in DI plants at day 0. Interestingly, SA application significantly reduced P. avium fruit cracking (78% in FI and 82% in DI). Fruit weight was reduced in all treatments, mainly decreasing by 14% in FI and 13% in DI plants at day 30 of post-harvest storage. Fruit weight did not change during post-harvest storage with SA, except on day 30, where a slight reduction was observed. TSS showed no significant differences during post-harvest storage for all treatments. Therefore, SA could be an interesting tool to mitigate the impact of DI on the yield and fruit quality of P. avium and to reduce fruit cracking and prolong fruit quality during post-harvest storage
AGAINST A NTHROPOCENTRIC E XCEPTIONALISM: P OSTHUMAN S UBJECTIVITIES IN M ÓNICA O JEDA'S L AS V OLADORAS
No full textThe short story collection Las voladoras , published in 2020 by Ecuadorian writer M & oacute;nica Ojeda, consists of eight stories that are shaped by an imaginative blend of the uncanny, violence, and the feminine. Within this narrative context, the aim is to address the assembly of women's bodies as heterogeneous constructs in relation to the violence they must confront, thus configuring posthuman subjectivities. We propose that in these stories, there are relationships between humans and non-humans that could be associated with what Donna Haraway terms 'queer kinship.' These relationships reveal ways of articulating women's identities with an explicitly collective and posthuman dimension, where Haraway's concept of 'becoming-with' becomes paramount: 'To be one is always to become with many'. The reason these stories adopt this stance is because strictly human relationships, particularly those of men toward women, are highly hostile, marked by an excess of power and, therefore, violence. This motivates the need for women to generate complex, intergenerational, and vital connections among themselves and with other living entities, where such human exceptionalism can be nullified, contested, and/or transformed
Thoracoabdominal motion in newborns: Reliability between two interactive computing environments
No full textBackground
Quantifying the chest wall is useful in documenting thoracoabdominal synchrony during the neonatal period. Subjective measures are often used rather than gold-standard methods due to their practicality in clinical practice. The aim of the present study is to compare the reliability between a newly proposed method (video analysis in MATLAB) and image analysis using AutoCad tools, both applied to assess thoracoabdominal motion in newborns (NBs).
Materials and Methods
This is an observational cross-sectional study of full-term NBs. A digital camera was used to film thoracoabdominal motion for 2 minutes in the supine position, with movements measured by the two aforementioned methodologies.
Results
A total of 139 images were used, showing agreement between AutoCAD and MATLAB (BIAS = −1.68; CI = −6.59:3.22, Bland-Altman plot).
Conclusion
The programs were interchangeable and the routine developed in MATLAB was simpler and faster, allowing dynamic analysis and suggesting its clinical utility in quantifying respiratory motion in NBs
Training of Physical Education Teachers in Chile: An Analysis of the Curricular Meshes, Graduation Profile and Labor Field
No full textObjective. The objective of this work was to analyze the graduation profiles, labor fields and thematic orientation of the curricular subjects of the careers of Pedagogy in Physical Education (PEFI) of Chile. Method. To meet the objective, a sequential exploratory design was used, focused on the analysis of documentary content to review the profile of graduation, labor field and curricular mesh declared by 25 PEFI careers in Chile. First, a qualitative analysis of the profile, labor field and curricular was carried out that allowed the creation of the categories. Subsequently, a quantitative analysis was executed to determine the frequency with which the different careers address the contents of each category. Results. Among the main results, six dimensions were evidenced competences associated with the graduation profile (evaluation, management of environment and work climate, reflective and personal, social and communicative, management, knowledge and skills for the use of teaching methods), seven dimensions associated with the labor field (educational context, sports field, disciplinary field without specifying, artistic, research field, tourism, well-being and health) and seven dimensions to which the curricular subjects are oriented. Conclusion. Critical reflection, the ability to implement learning and evaluation activities are the main competencies that highlight the graduation profiles, being the performance in educational establishments of the school system the main labor field of performance, in addition, it is concluded that all Chilean universities incorporate in their curriculum subjects in motor skills, artistic-cultural manifestations, gymnastics, Management-Administration, curricular fundamentals and degree
Study of the effect of bleaching agents on the crystalline index of cellulose-based materials derived from corn husk by CP/MAS <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR and FT-IR spectroscopies
No full textThis work proposes an evaluation of the Crystalline Index (CrI) in function of the bleaching process employed during cellulose extraction from corn husk, for further characterization using CP/MAS C-13 NMR, XRD, and FT-IR. In that sense, CrI values were calculated by FT-IR and the bands associated with the crystalline and amorphous regions were observed at 1424 cm(-1) and 896 cm(-1), respectively. Similarly, the signals due to ordered (89.1 ppm) and disordered (84.2 ppm) cellulose chains were detected by solid-state C-13 NMR, while the Segal equation was only used for comparison purposes. Additionally, PCA studies showed consistent results attributed to the crystalline region in cellulose domains analyzed by both, FT-IR and solid-state C-13 NMR. The results revealed the coexistence of cellulose I/cellulose II and its effect on CrI, as well as the incomplete mercerization process, in some cases non-cellulosic residues can cause an overestimation of CrI. Additionally, the thermal stability and the glass transition temperature were determined by TGA/DTA and DSC analyses. Finally, a partially fibrillated network morphology with a diameter of 20.47 +/- 2.77 mu m was observed in cellulose bleached with peracetic acid, whereas organosolv method provides flexible and clean microfibrils with diameter sizes between 10 and 9 mu m
Relationship between phase angle and physical performance measures in community-dwelling older adults
No full textIntroduction: The phase angle (PhA) is a measure of great clinical relevance provided through the Bioelectric Impedance Analysis (BIA). PhA is related to health status. Physical performance measures are also similarly associated to the health status of older individuals, however, studies which asses the relationship between these two measures are scarce. Objective: To identify the relationship between PhA and physical performance measures in community-dwelling older adults in a Brazilian sample. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study in which 200 community-dwelling older adults up to 65 years of age of both genders were recruited. Physical performance was evaluated by walking speed and handgrip strength, and the PhA was derived from BIA. Linear regression models were used to estimate the associations between PhA and physical performance measures. Two models were built: the first model was adjusted by handgrip and walking speed; and the second model additionally included the number of chronic diseases, gender, age and body mass index (BMI). Results: A total of 200 subjects were evaluated through BIA. Men showed a mean age of 72.13 +/- 3.42 years and women 71.94 +/- 3.35 years. Mean PhA among men was 5.99 +/- 0.67, while the mean obtained for women was 5.43 +/- 0.70. Linear regression showed that handgrip strength (8: 0.036; p-value < 0.001; 8: 0.024; p-value: 0.005) and walking speed (8: 0.495; p-value: 0.044; 8: 0.619, p-value: 0.009) were correlated with the PhA in both models. Conclusion: The results of our study revealed that PhA is a good marker of physical performance for the Brazilian community-dwelling older adults studied
Gender representations and reading plan in Chile: literary corpus study for early childhood
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the gender representations contained in six literary texts suggested by the Chilean Ministry of Education for transition levels I and II of Preschool Education and the first year of Primary Education, and their possible implications in the construction of children's identities. The research design is framed within the qualitative approach and proposes an interdisciplinary analysis to identify the semiotic resources that could shape a discourse that maintains and promotes gender stereotypes. This analysis integrates conceptual frameworks that look at literature as a means of transmitting and creating identities; studies of gender representations in symbolic, visual and discursive works that shape the social position of men and women; and developmental approaches that study subjectivities in childhood. The results show that some of the literary texts studied contain recurrent signs and differentiated identification codes for girls and boys, which are constructed from a traditional, antagonistic and binary gender perspective, and some others tend to subvert this conventional order. In conclusion, some texts propose reading options that tend to sustain conventional gender roles and other texts open up new forms of representation
A cluster of <i>N</i>-bubbles driven along a channel at high imposed driving pressure: film orientations and bubble pressures
No full textA cluster of N bubbles (with N odd) arranged in a channel in a zigzag staircase configuration is modelled. A limiting case is considered in which the staircase is set into motion by the application of a high driving pressure. In this limit, foam films between bubbles are predicted to become asymptotically flat. Angles at which these flat films are oriented and also bubble pressures are then determined. For N bubbles, the film orientations and bubble pressures differ from predictions for a staircase in the limit of an infinite number of bubbles. Differences are significant towards the downstream end of a staircase, but decay moving upstream. However, the decay is gradual. Hence, a very large N is needed for a finite staircase to align its film orientations towards its upstream end with the orientations in an infinite staircase
A model for foam fractionation with spatially varying bubble size
No full textA model is developed for a foam fractionation process, supposing that bubble size increases moving up the foam column. Predictions are obtained for liquid flux through the foam column, liquid fraction at the top and enrichment of surface actives within the foamate. Compared to previous models with fixed bubble size, fractionation performance is shown to be improved. A synergy is revealed between the effect of the foam becoming drier (and hence richer in surface actives) as the foam column becomes taller, and the effect of bubble size increasing moving upwards (which makes the foam even drier and hence richer still). A dimensionless parameter ������* quantifies the relative variation in bubble size between top and bottom for a foam column of typical height. Even small ������* values lead to behaviour qualitatively different from a system with no bubble size variation whatsoever, whilst increasing ������* leads to even better fractionation performance
Una invitación a la sociología pública. La investigación social y la precariedad laboral en Chile
Get PDFEl debate sobre las condiciones laborales en Chile cada vez asume mayor protagonismo en la esfera pública. Las políticas laborales parecen ser un tema inevitable para los actores sociales de acuerdo a las condiciones de desigualdad y precariedad que rodean el espacio de trabajo. Ante este escenario, el sindicalismo busca un reposicionamiento público, principalmente diversificando y modernizando sus tácticas de fortalecimiento y acción. Lo que proponemos en el presente artículo, de acuerdo con este contexto de precariedad laboral, es un debate sobre la sociología, en su expresión activa y pública, y el desafío que enfrenta en la construcción de puentes con la ‘sociedad civil’, el neoprecariado y el sindicalismo, de forma de jugar un rol activo en la intervención social y obtener un feedback de revitalización y vigorosidad de su salud como disciplina y ciencia en Chile.The debate about working conditions in Chile is increasingly assuming a greater role in the public
sphere. Labour policies inevitably seem to be a topic for social actors according to the conditions
of inequality and insecurity surrounding the workspace. In this scenario, the trade union seeks for a public repositioning, mainly diversifying and modernizing its strengthening tactics and action. What we propose in this article, according to this precarious context, is a discussion about sociology, in his active and public expression, and the challenge that it faces in the building of bridges with the ‘civil society’, the neo-precariat and the trade unionism, as to play an active role in social intervention and get a feedback of revitalization and invigorate its health as a discipline and science in Chile