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Nursing Education During the SARS-COVID-19 Pandemic: The Implementation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
No full textIn the pandemic, nursing programs found a way to continue the training process through virtual classrooms and technological tools to support the teaching and learning process. The aim of the present research was to analyze the existing literature on the methodologies and technologies used in nursing education during the pandemic. Methods and results, in this context, were integrative review of the literature through the SciELO, PubMed, CUIDEN, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL (EBSCO), Redalyc, and Dialnet databases, by running a search on the use of the keywords 'nursing students,' 'new technology,' and 'pandemic,' for literature published between 2020 and 2022. As a search strategy, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flowchart was used. Finally, the virtualization of nursing teaching has been positive in giving continuity to the training process, and student learning has been verified. However, there is evidence that some actions and skills are not possible at the moment with the available methodologies and tools and still require attendance for some practical activities
Sufficiency between producers and consumers: A configurational analysis
No full textSufficiency is a normative principle that aims to reorganise the configurations between production and consumption to reduce ecological overshoot and improve human well-being. At its heart is the notion of 'living well on less,' recognising the need to restructure resource allocations between production and consumption hitherto unsustainable. Although sufficiency has gained attention from scholars and policymakers as a strategy to mitigate the climate crisis and resource management, evidence on its formation, causality, and antecedents remains fragmented. This paper reorders antecedents from three disciplinary roots of sufficiency: complementarity of capital, social metabolism, and altruism, to reorganise empirical evidence and examine the formation of sufficiency in producers and consumers. Through configurational analysis, we mapped the responses of Chilean producers and consumers to explore the conditions that enable the formation of sufficiency and the configurations that emerge as a result. Our findings reveal the prominence of three interrelated attributes for both agents: labour security, moral duty and intrinsic motivation, which, when combined, give rise to two complex and nonlinear approaches for producers and consumers, labelled aggregately as metabolic, limited and ecocentric configurations. These results suggest that intertwining different attributes allows actions and behaviours to be adopted regarding decreased resource use, drawing transformational leverage points towards sustainability
Gobernanza como contradicción: reflexiones sobre el territorio en la configuración de la gobernanza ambiental
Get PDFEn este texto se reflexiona en torno a la interacción que existe entre gobernanza y gobernabilidad. Al emerger la gobernanza como un aspecto que deriva desde la gobernabilidad –como una profundización y externalización de esta–, señalamos que la gobernanza necesita para su construcción la acción de los sujetos y las instituciones, las mismas que lo constituían previamente. La idea central es mostrar la posibilidad de establecer una reflexión política de la gobernanza a través de la discusión geográfica sobre el territorio. En ese sentido, lo que va transformándose son las relaciones que se establecen entre estos agentes y por lo tanto ahí debiese radicar su especificidad y, por lo tanto, la contradicción entre gobernabilidad y gobernanza debiese estar situada en quienes la ejecutan, así como en las estructuras que emergen de dicha acción. El caso de la gobernanza ambiental nos permite observar que el problema radica en las tensiones entre la gobernanza y los sistemas políticos, así como identificar la especificidad de los agentes involucrados en su funcionamiento. En definitiva, se sostiene que la gobernanza se construye a partir de las experiencias de diferenciación de la gobernabilidad, lo que se logra a través de un análisis territorial, de su materialización a través de los diversos procesos que territorializan las prácticas sociales.This text reflects on the interaction that exists between governance and governability. When governance emerges as an aspect that derives from governability –as a deepening and externalization of this–, we point out that governance needs, for its construction, the action of subjects and institutions, the same ones that previously constituted it. The central idea is to show the possibility of establishing a political reflection on governance through the geographical discussion on the territory. In this sense, what is transforming are the relationships that are established between these agents and therefore there should lie their specificity and therefore, the contradiction between governability and governance should be located in those who execute it, as well as in the structures that emerge from said action. The case of environmental governance allows us to observe that the problem lies in the tensions between governance and political systems, as well as to identify the specificity of the agents involved in their operation. In short, it is argued that governance is built from experiences of differentiation of governance, which is achieved through a territorial analysis, its materialization through the various processes that territorialize social practices
A review on use of recycled municipal and construction solid wastes for manufacturing sustainable construction materials
Get PDFHuge amount of wastes are being generated, and even though the incineration process reduce the mass of wastes to a large extent, large amount of residues are still remain. The sustainable development of the system should decrease the waste-to-energy ratio continuously through the planned reuse of materials.This paper reviews the existing studies on recycling municipal and construction solid waste for the manufacture of Geo polymer composites. The principal findings of this work reveal that municipal and construction solid waste could be successfully usedinto Geo polymer composites as an alternative in the forms of precursor, aggregate, additive, reinforcement fibres, or filling material. Additionally, the results indicate that although the inclusion of suchwaste might depress some attributes of Geopolymer composites, proper proportion design and suitable treatment technique could solve these detrimental effects. Finally, a brief discussion is provided to identify the important needs in the future research and development for promoting the utilization of solid waste materials in the forthcoming sustainable geopolymer industry. In summary, this work offers guidance for a greener approach to building –scoring favourably in environmental performance for being relevant to resource conservation, landfill diversion, and waste recycling.Se están generando enormes cantidades de desechos y, aunque el proceso de incineración reduce en gran medida la masa de desechos, aún quedan gran cantidad de residuos. El desarrollo sostenible del sistema debería reducir la relación entre residuos y energía de forma continua mediante la reutilización planificada de materiales. Este artículo revisa los estudios existentes sobre el reciclaje de residuos sólidos urbanos y de la construcción para la fabricación de compuestos poliméricos geo. Los principales hallazgos de este trabajo revelan que los desechossólidos municipales y de construcción podrían usarse con éxito en compuestos de polímeros geo como una alternativa en forma de precursores, agregados, aditivos, fibras de refuerzo o material de relleno. Además, los resultados indican que, aunque la inclusión de tales residuos podría deprimir algunos atributos de los compuestos poliméricos de Geo, el diseño de la proporción adecuada y la técnica de tratamiento adecuada podrían resolver estos efectos perjudiciales. Finalmente, se proporciona una breve discusión para identificar las necesidades importantes en la investigación y el desarrollo futuros para promover la utilización de materiales de desecho sólidos en la próxima industria de geopolímeros sostenibles. En resumen, este trabajo ofrece una guía para unenfoque más ecológico de la construcción, con una puntuación favorable en el desempeño ambiental por ser relevante para la conservación de recursos, la desviación de vertederos y el reciclaje de desechos
CRIMINAL POLICY REFLECTIONS ABOUT CULTURALLY MOTIVATED CRIMES IN CHILE
No full textThe aim of this paper is to reflect on the way in which the harmonization of the traditional penal system to the demands of multiculturalism of contemporary societies can contribute to the achievement of the common good. After analyzing the need for the punitive reaction to culturally motivated crimes to take into account the cultural diversity of the perpetrators, especially in the Chilean context, emphasis is placed on some criminal policy proposals which, as general guidelines, should be consider by the Chilean public authorities
Identifying the role of emotional intelligence in achievement emotions and their effects on deep learning strategies in university students
No full textEmotional skills have been proposed as distal determinants of achievement emotions. However, the specific role they play in such emotions and their effects on learning has not been defined. The purpose of this comparative study is to provide an ex post facto assessment of emotional intelligence (EI) as a predictor of the enjoyment and anger expressed while studying and as a mediator and/or moderator of its effects on the use of deep learning strategies. A sample comprising 603 university students (85.7% women; M-edad = 25.16, SDedad = 8.42) completed the Trait Meta-Mood State-24 to assess perceived EI, the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire-AEQ for enjoyment and anger, and the Deep Learning Strategies Questionnaire. The stepwise regression, multiple mediation, and moderation analyses conducted showed that EI explains enjoyment and anger, although its different skills predict them differently. Enjoyment increases the use of deep learning strategies, an effect that is partially mediated by emotional repair. In anger there is less use of these strategies, and this effect is partially mediated by high emotional attention with little emotional clarity and repair. Similarly, a medium and high level of EI moderates the negative effect of anger on the use of deep learning strategies. These results show the benefits of being emotionally intelligent since it mitigates the negative consequences of negative emotions, stressing the need to teach emotional skills or promote EI in educational and cognitive contexts. (C) 2023 Universidad de Pais Vasco. Published by Elsevier Espana,S.L.U
Characterization of the genetic diversity, structure, and admixture of 7 Chilean chicken breeds
No full textThe Mapuche fowl is an autochthonous breed raised in Chile and represents an important zooge-netic resource for the local economy. This study aimed at investigating the genetic diversity, relationship and population structure of 96 local Chilean chickens derived from 3 ecotype of Mapuche fowl (Kollonka, Ketro, and Kollonka de aretes), 2 ecotype Chilean (Trintre, Cogote pelado) and 2 breeds (Light Brahma and Barred Ply-mouth Rock) using 12 microsatellite markers. In total, 113 alleles were detected in all populations, with a mean of 7.6 alleles per population. In all population chicken breeds, the observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.91 to 0.98 and from 0.69 to 0.79. Further-more, all populations showed significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg expectations. Across each population, the global heterozygosity deficit (FIT) was -0.174, pop-ulation differentiation index (FST) was 0.073, and the global inbreeding of individuals within breed (FIS) was -0.267. The phylogenetic relationships of chickens were examined using neighbor-joining trees constructed at the level of population. The highest Nei's standard genetic distance value of 0.559 was observed between Barred Plymouth Rock and Light Brahma, whereas the minimum value (0.099) was found between Kollonka and Trintre. The neighbor-joining tree constructed at population level revealed 2 main clusters, with Light Brahma, Barred Plymouth Rock, Ketro and Kollonka de aretes in 1 cluster, and Kollonka, Trintre and Cogote pelado breeds in the second cluster. Based on the results of the STRUCTURE analysis, the most likely number of clustering of the population evaluated was at K = 3, with Light Brahma and Barred Plymouth Rock breeds forming their own distinct clusters, while Kollonka, Ketro, Kollonka de aretes, Trintre and Cogote pelado breeds clustered together. This study represents the first report of genetic diversity in these populations in Chile. These results can be used as baseline genetic information for genetic conservation program, for instance, to control inbreeding and to implement further genetic studies in local Chilean chickens
Do root interactions between wheat and non-mycorrhizal ancestral plants influence fungal activity and soil quality in an Andisol?
No full textCover crops in sustainable agrosystems are becoming more and more applied. However, legacy effects on the growth of companion plants or following crops in rotation systems are still poorly understood, especially when Andean and ancestral crops are involved. In this work, two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars differing in P efficiency (Kiron higher than Chevignon) were cropped together with two non-mycorrhizal plants, quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and amaranth (Amaranthus spp.), to study the interactions and the effects produced in the wheat rhizosphere, plant growth and mycorrhizal parameters at harvest. The plants were grown in a three-compartment plexiglass rhizobox containing an Andisol. The central compartment separated by a nylon mesh was used for the cover crops, and wheat was sown on each side. A habitual pre-crop rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), also non-mycorrhizal, was used as control. At harvest, soil (pH, available P, acid phosphatase, microbial-P), plant (phytomass, organic acid exudation, P uptake efficiency, Zn and Mn in shoots), and mycorrhizal properties (root colonization, glomalin, spore number, and hyphal density) were measured in both wheat rhizospheres. Results show that wheat cultivars differed in soil and plant characteristics affected by non-host plants being the most efficient one, better. Surprisingly, mycorrhizal propagules were not depressed, and even fungal spores with amaranth (10543 spores 100 g-1) increased 2.6-fold than control (3910 spores 100 g-1) in the P-efficient cultivar. Data obtained suggest being cautious in selecting the best wheat cultivar when using these ancestral crops, especially for wheat natives' smallholders working in this type of soil
Retóricas de la cocina. La culinaria del discurso de Platón a Lévi-Strauss
Get PDFSon escasos los lugares donde encontramos referencias a la cocina en los textos filosóficos de occidente, pudiéndose concluir de ese vacío una cierta relación especial de esta temática con el discurso en general. Nuestra tesis al respecto es que, pese a su condición marginal para la filosofía, su aparición en los textos dedicados al saber es siempre comportando una cierta función retórica. El siguiente artículo muestra, a partir de ciertos escritos –inéditos y publicados– de J. Derrida, que tanto el comer como el cocinar representan metonímicamente la lógica general del discurso filosófico, en cuanto éste no puede distanciarse de una cierta retoricidad que le es constitutiva. Rastreando en ciertos textos clave, de Platón a Lévi-Strauss, estos usos trópicos de la cocina, mostraremos cómo ellos refieren a una suerte de lenguaje filosófico que quisieran, al mismo tiempo, excluir sin éxito de los dominios de la filosofía misma