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WORKFLOW OPTIMIZATION IN A CLINICAL LABORATORY USING LEAN MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES IN THE PRE-ANALYTICAL PHASE
No full textBackground: The application of the Lean methodology in clinical laboratories can improve workflow and user satisfaction through the efficient delivery of analytical results. The purpose of this study was to optimise delivery times of the test results at a clinical laboratory, using Lean management principles in the pre-analytical phase.
Methods: A prospective study with a quasi-experimental design was implemented. Staff functions were restructured and sample flows were modified. Delivery times of clinical results (glucose and haematocrit; 6648 data) from the Medicine and Adult Emergency services for years 2017 and 2018 were compared.
Results: A reduction (p < 0.0) in turnaround times in the delivery of glucose test results at the adult emergency service was observed (84 to 73 min, 13%, pre and post). In addition, there was a non-significant reduction in the turnaround times for glucose (Medicine) and haematocrit in both services. In the analytical and post-analytical phase (not intervened), an increase in turnaround times was observed in some cases.
Conclusions: Other studies have indicated that the application of the Lean methodology in clinical laboratories improves workflow, increasing effectiveness and efficiency. This study showed an improvement in the delivery time of test results (glucose - Emergency), giving rise to a culture of cooperation and continuous improvement. It would, however, be essential to address the management model integrating the analytical and post-analytical phases
ESTADO CARDIO RESPIRATORIO Y NIVELES DE ACTIVIDAD FISICA EN ESTUDIATES FUMADORES Y NO FUMADORES PERTENECIENTES A LA ESCUELA DE SALUD DE LA UNIVERSIDAD CATOLICA DE TEMUCO, CHILE
No full textESTADO CARDIO RESPIRATORIO Y NIVELES DE ACTIVIDAD FISICA EN ESTUDIANTES FUMADORES Y NO FUMADORES PERTENECIENTES A LA ESCUELA DE SALUD DE LA UNIVERSIDAD CATOLICA DE TEMUCO, CHIL
Identidad y pueblos indígenas: abriendo alternativas al disciplinamiento patrimonial
No full textEn el actual contexto de articulación y movilización indígena, el patrimonio cultural ha ocupado un espacio importante en los esfuerzos de reivindicación identitaria. Considerando lo anterior, en este ensayo se plantea que el patrimonio cultural constituye una respuesta cultural, histórica y so-cialmente específica al asunto de la identidad histórica. En esa especificidad, los pueblos indígenas tienen la oportunidad de idear nuevas soluciones específicas a sus propios asuntos relativos a la identidad sin tener que supeditarse a las premisas patrimoniales. El objetivo es proponer una reinterpretación del patrimonio cultural que favorezca una apertura creativa para tratar con el asunto identitario. Para llevarlo a cabo, se analizan diferentes debates sobre la cultura y el uso del patrimonio cultural como recurso para las reivindicaciones de las identidades indígenas. La revisión de estos debates permite identificar las dificultades teóricas y prácticas de la patrimonialización relativas al asunto identitario indígena. Para el desarrollo del análisis se entiende al patrimonio cultural como un recurso que forma parte de los procesos de politización de la cultura llevados a cabo por los movimientos indígenas. Es decir, no busca discutir necesariamente la correcta definición o utilización del concepto ‘cultura’, sino que explorar cómo se ha usado la ‘cultura’ como herramienta política. Se concluye la necesidad de idear nuevas formas de hacerse cargo del asunto identitario. Para ello, se propone la idea de apoderarse del lugar ocupado por la categoría para crear nuevas soluciones a los asuntos relativos a las identidades históricas sin tener que supeditarse a las premisas patrimoniales.In the present context of indigenous articulation and mobilization, cultural heritage has played an important role in the efforts for identity vin-dication. Considering the above, this essay proposes that cultural heritage is a cultural, historical, and socially specific response to the historical identity issue. In that specificity, indigenous peoples could devise new specific solu-tions to their identity issues without submitting to assumptions about heritage. The objective is to propose a reinterpretation of cultural heritage that favors a creative openness to deal with the issue of identity. To carry it out, different debates on culture and the use of cultural heritage as a resource for the vindi-cation of indigenous identities are analyzed. The review of these debates makes it possible to identify theoretical and practical difficulties of patrimonialization related to the indigenous identity issue. For the development of the analysis, cultural heritage is understood as a resource that is part of the processes of po-liticization of culture carried out by indigenous movements. In other words, it does not necessarily seek to discuss the correct definition or use of the 'culture' concept but rather to explore how 'culture' has been used as a political tool. The need to devise new ways of taking responsibility for identity issues is conclu-ded. For this, the idea of seizing the place occupied by the category is proposed to create new solutions to issues related to historical identities without submit-ting to assumptions about heritage
A Composite Half-Normal-Pareto Distribution with Applications to Income and Expenditure Data
No full textThe half-normal distribution is composited with the Pareto model to obtain a uni-parametric distribution with a heavy right tail, called the composite half-normal-Pareto distribution. This new distribution is useful for modeling positive data with atypical observations. We study the properties and the behavior of the right tail of this new distribution. We estimate the parameter using a method based on percentiles and the maximum likelihood method and assess the performance of the maximum likelihood estimator using Monte Carlo. We report three applications, one with simulated data and the others with income and expenditure data, in which the new distribution presents better performance than the Pareto distribution
Comparative Study between Silvopastoral and Agroforest Systems on Soil Quality in a Disturbed Native Forest of South-Central Chile
No full textAgroforestry systems (AFSs) have gained recognition as a land use strategy to address food security and climate change. They involve intentionally cultivating trees alongside crops and/or animals. AFSs cover approximately 5% of the global forest area and promote sustainable soil conservation, including soil organic carbon (C) sequestration (C-SEQ). In some areas of Chile, AFSs are used to preserve the ecological value of native forests. This study evaluates the effects of two AFSs, namely, an agroforest for fodder production (A(GRO)F(RST)) and Silvopastoral (SPS), within a degraded native forest (Nothofagus obliqua sp.). The evaluation focuses on their impact on CSEQ capacity and soil quality (SQ), using soil quality indexes (SQIs) derived from 30 soil quality indicators (SINDs) related to physical, chemical, and microbiological properties at two depths (0-5 and 5-20 cm). The results for the total depth analyzed (0-20 cm) indicate an average C-SEQ of 6.88 and 4.83 Mg C yr(-1) and a global SQI of 37.8% and 31.0% for A(GRO)F(RST) and SPS, respectively. Among the thirteen SINDs that demonstrated significant differences (p < 0.05), five were associated with the considered depths (P+, Ca2+, S, ECEC, and Al-SAT), three differed between A(GRO)F(RST )and SPS (BD, NH4+, NO3-), while SOC, K+, and Mg2+ varied across all conditions (e.g., combinations of systems and depths), and beta-(GLU) and N-MIN differed in a single condition. However, almost all 30 S-INDs analyzed showed higher values at the 0-5 cm depth, indicating the positive effects of soil organic matter (SOM)/SOC additions. Significant interactions (Pearson's correlation) revealed that SOC correlated with most S-INDs (e.g., N, NH4+, P+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, S, ECEC, N-MIN). These findings suggest that both A(GRO)F(RST) and SPS systems have similar capabilities in restoring the ecological value of native Nothofagus forests while providing conditions for productive and complementary use. This sustainable option offers opportunities for cattle production alongside ecological restoration efforts and provides a possible strategy to generate public policies related to the ecosystem services of agroforestry systems
Ecological metaphors in debates over language and language politics in Catalonia (1999-2009)
Get PDFIn the last decades, the ecological approach has attracted the inter-est of Spanish and Catalan linguists. This contribution analyses the language used both by professional linguists and laypeople in publications and in the public debate on the conflicts in Spanish and Catalan bilingualism in the de-cade before the constitutional and supreme courts ruled against the prevalence of the Catalan language in Catalonia (1999-2009). The analysed decade can be characterized by a sensation of growing linguistic conflicts that manifes-ted, for example, through heated debates over what Catalans perceived as life threatening for the Catalan language and reactions such as demands for the introduction of additional teaching hours to prevent the alleged extinction of Spanish in Catalonia. The Catalan society is reliving the ghost of extinction of their language—probably reinforced by publications which denounce a conti-nuous reduction of living space and the disappearance of more and more nichesof the Catalan language. On the other hand, Castilian activists (and among them some linguists) maintain there is a battle the Castilian language in Ca-talonia has to win in order to survive the said-to-be ferocious reduction of its vital space and the asserted institutionalized suffocation or extermination of the Spanish language. The texts analysed in this contribution belong to a text series which regarding its content and aims corresponds to a reduced number of triggering reference texts. The aim is to determine the importance of the language of ecology in this field and the usage of these elements by both sides, those denouncing the threat of the Castilian language and those fearing the risk of extinction of the Catalan language. It will be shown that in the debate over the struggle for life of Catalan and Spanish in the Catalan speaking areas, the language of ecology and evolution is heavily used and that the re-contex-tualization of Catalan metaphors in the analysed texts on Spanish is systematic
Impact of nutritional and physical activity interventions on the cognitive and academic achievement of schoolchildren
No full textThe objective of this review is to present the impact of nutritional education, physical activity and support network interventions on the nutritional status, cognitive and academic achievement of students under 18 years of age. According to the literature, multicomponent interventions that address diet, physical activity, and involve parents concluded to be more effective in combating obesity and enhancing academic achievement in young people. Therefore, the implementation of public policies that commit to intervene in a timely manner in the first stages of the life cycle, would have a considerably beneficial impact on healthEl objetivo de esta revisión es dar a conocer el impacto de las intervenciones de educación nutricional, actividad física y redes de apoyo en el estado nutricional, rendimiento cognitivo y académico de estudiantes menores de 18 años. De acuerdo con la literatura, las intervenciones de carácter multicomponente que abordan alimentación, actividad física, e involucran a los padres concluyeron ser más efectivas para combatir la obesidad y potenciar el rendimiento académico en jóvenes. Por lo tanto, la implementación de políticas públicas que permitan intervenir de forma oportuna las primeras etapas del ciclo vital, tendrían un impacto considerablemente beneficioso para la salu
¡A la calle compañeros! Dictadura, politización de la experiencia escolar y movilización secundaria. Una aproximación a partir del Movimiento Aplicacionista por la Democracia. Sebastián Neut Aguayo y Pablo Neut Aguayo (2022). Editorial Sole, 419 pp.
No full textReseña - ¡A la calle compañeros! Dictadura, politización de la experiencia escolar y movilización secundaria. Una aproximación a partir del Movimiento Aplicacionista por la Democracia. Sebastián Neut Aguayo y Pablo Neut Aguayo (2022). Editorial Sole, 419 pp
Enhancing Sustainable Development Goal Integration in Chilean Citizenship Education: A Thematic Analysis of Textbook Content and Instructional Strategies
No full textThis study examines the integration level of the three dimensions of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (social, economic, and environmental) in Chilean citizenship education textbooks for third and fourth grades' students in high schools, aiming to identify gaps and propose a comprehensive model for thematic instruction. Utilizing the citizenship education student textbook designed by the Faculty of Educational Sciences at the San Sebasti & aacute;n University in Chile, this research employs thematic analysis to assess the representation of the SDGs within the educational content. The results reveal a positive aspect: the textbooks showcase all three SDG dimensions, highlighting their potential to foster comprehensive SDG comprehension. However, the emphasis predominantly lies on social inclusion, with economic and environmental dimensions receiving less attention. This imbalance could impede the provision of holistic sustainability education, especially as critical ecological issues and certain goals (SDGs 2, 7, 12, 14, and 15) remain under-represented. The proposed thematic instruction model merges sustainability with citizenship education through concept mapping, structured lesson plans, and active collaboration, enhancing SDG literacy. This research contributes to Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) by providing a comprehensive framework that transforms sustainability education globally, cultivating knowledgeable and proactive individuals prepared to address and resolve pressing global challenges
Development of Basic Motor Skills from 3 to 10 Years of Age: Comparison by Sex and Age Range in Chilean Children
No full textBasic motor skills are recognized as fundamental movements that allow children to interact with their environment and are identified as the basic structure on which more complex movements are built. Objective: to identify the level of motor development of children from 3 to 10 years of age according to sex and age group. Methodology. We studied a sample with a total of 328 participants (girls = 170; boys = 158) at preschool (n = 154) and school levels (n = 174). The ages of the students ranged from 3 to 10 years, with a mean of 5.94 years (+/- 2.53). TGMD2 was applied to identify motor development. Results: boys and girls present low levels of physical activity, with most of them in the very poor, poor, and low-average categories (n = 182, 55.5%). Levels of motor development in locomotion, manipulation, and general development by age show significant differences (p = 0.000). However, levels of development by sex are not significant in manipulation, locomotion, and gross motor skills tests, respectively (p = 0.150, p = 0.208, and p = 0.210), and in relation to chronological age and motor development age show significant differences (p = 0.000)