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Applied Ergonomics
Get PDFThere are approximately 2.3 million work-related injuries and over 6,000 fatalities every year. In 2020, half of these injuries happened in the construction industry. Our research explored the three main causes of work-related injuries, identified high-risk activities and the root causes of injuries in those activities, evaluated current safety practices in INDOT, proposed ergonomically effective technologies, and conducted experiments to evaluate if those ergonomic interventions can improve workers’ health and safety. Join us for a discussion
Design and Maintenance Considerations for Buggies
Get PDFBased on experiences in Elkhart County, Indiana, this session will cover topics related to designing and maintaining roads in areas with large Amish populations and heavy horse and buggy usage. Some of the topics covered will include coordination with the Amish community; implementation of buggy plates and user fees for non-motorized vehicles; characteristic road distresses caused by horse usage and maintenance options to address these impacts; adaptation of intersection sight distance design parameters for horse-drawn vehicles; and the financial impact of these changes
Traffic Safety Countermeasures for Locals
Get PDFAttendees will discuss Indiana’s fatalities and injury accident statistics on local roads and Indiana’s need to make our local transportation infrastructure safer for all types of transportation
Information Theory Representation of Perceptual Processes
Get PDFHuman performance in many visual experiments is assessed using probabilities of specific responses to uncertain visual events. Using signal detection theory with specific distributional assumptions, we frequently represent the combination of correct detections with correct negative responses to estimate with measures of discriminability, d\u27, and a response criterion. A shortcoming of this approach involves limitations in generalizing the performance measures across different tasks, especially in experiments with dual or multiple tasks that require comparisons of the performance of simultaneous tasks. Our research aims to develop a framework enabling us to estimate the cognitive resources allocated to different tasks.
We propose an approach to performance representation using an information-theoretic framework where the participants\u27 performance can be expressed in terms of input and output entropy computed from response probabilities. In this presentation, we will first review the connection between signal detection theory and an information-theoretic representation of performance expressed in terms of channel capacity allocated to different tasks. The information-theoretic framework enables the characterization of cognitive load by the total channel capacity allocated by the participant to each concurrent task. To illustrate the approach, we will present a new analysis of multiple object tracking task using an information-theoretic framework and its use to define cognitive load
An Assessment of Pharmacist Perceptions and Experiences with Community Health Workers
Get PDFBackground The American Public Health Association defines a Community Health Worker (CHW) as “a trusted member of and/or has an unusually close understanding of the community served.” Both CHWs and pharmacists have shown they are well-equipped to produce positive outcomes in chronic disease management, but there is still a gap in the literature regarding the CHW-pharmacist relationship. Objective The objective of this study was to assess and describe pharmacist perceptions and experiences with CHWs. Methods An online survey was distributed to pharmacists via state and national pharmacy organizations in the following states: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, and Wisconsin. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize demographics and pharmacist experiences with CHWs. Results The survey received 241 responses and 212 (88.0%) met inclusion criteria. Of the 212 eligible respondents, the survey was sufficiently completed by 163 (76.9%). These 163 complete responses were included in the data analysis. Fifty-eight (35.6%) respondents reported working with a CHW and 105 (64.4%) reported never working with a CHW. Fifty-two (89.7%) respondents who previously worked with a CHW were strongly interested or interested in continuing to work with a CHW. Sixty-one (58.1%) respondents without experience were strongly interested or interested in working with a CHW. The reported improvements seen with the addition of a CHW to the healthcare team included: improved patient empowerment, improved clinical patient outcomes, decreased workload of other healthcare professionals, increased healthcare knowledge, increased healthcare utilization, and increased medication and/or treatment plan adherence. Conclusion Pharmacists recognize the benefit of working with a CHW and their contributions to patient care and want to continue working collaboratively. Collaborative pharmacist-CHW relationships should be a priority for optimizing care through community pharmacies and will require a shift in the current structure of community pharmacy services
The Discipline of Information Literacy: A Conversation
No full textPresented at LEAF, 2024. Introduces information literacy as a discipline and implications for teaching information literacy
Companion Dogs and Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Adult ICU Survivors: A Scoping Review
Get PDFIntensive care unit (ICU) survivors are at risk for developing persistent psychological sequelae that have been linked to decreased quality of life and increased mortality after hospital discharge. Standardized evidence-based treatments are lacking, mainly focus on physical rather than psychological recovery, and often occur in formal settings. Benefits of human– companion dog relationships have not been explored in the ICU survivor population before. Thus, the purposes of our review were to summarize the literature focused on the influence of companion dogs on depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); identify what is known about the potential role companion dogs play in the well-being of adult ICU survivors; and inform future research and practice. We conducted a scoping review using Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. The databases PsycInfo, PubMed, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were systematically searched for publications related to companion dogs’ impact on depression, anxiety, and PTSD in human adults. Of 1,505 sources identified, 39 were included for review. Depression was the most frequently reported condition, whereas the greatest effects were reported for PTSD. Cross-sectional designs yielding inconsistent results were prevalent, and mechanisms were suggested but seldom tested. Findings suggest companion dogs have the potential to facilitate the unique needs of ICU survivors, but further research is needed. Multidisciplinary research using ICU survivor samples, longitudinal and experimental designs, theoretical foundations, and more consistent measurement across studies are necessary. Nurses and health care professionals are in an optimal position to assess and discuss supportive relationships that facilitate recovery, including companion dogs, and to encourage intentional physically appropriate activities with companion dogs to optimize mental health benefits
Exotic Construction of an Ancient Oriental Sappho: On Rexroth’s Creative Translation of Li Ch’ing-Chao’s Ci-Poems and its Influences
Get PDFIn her article “Exotic Construction of an Ancient Oriental Sappho: On Rexroth’s Creative Translation of Li Ch’ing-Chao’s Ci-Poems and its Influences,” Yuqun Fu discusses Li Ch’ing-Chao’s Ci-poems and her identity as a woman intellect in the patriarchal and feudal Song Dynasty of China. Due to Kenneth Rexroth’s feminist perspective and Sappho complex as well as his own pursuit to excel in the hipster stylistics of the newly prospering Beat writers, Rexroth turns to the Eastern women poets to fuel his own cause, especially in his idiosyncratic way of interpreting and translating Li Ch’ing-Chao. His translation focuses on gender identity and displays the manipulation of a mainstream culture to a nonmainstream culture. He misinterprets some frequent images and narrations in Li’s poems by singling out some love poems and supplementing some sexual implications and hence shapes the peculiar imagery of a heterogeneous ancient Chinese woman figure with the bold and unveiled expression of her own bodily desires and feminist emancipation with the mysterious veil of ancient Oriental mysticism. His translation of Li has profound influences on his own poetry in terms of themes and writing techniques. In addition, his version of Li has influenced some of his peers and subsequent translators, some Beat writers, and contemporary writers in the U.S
Translation as Creative Writing: Rewriting \u3cem\u3eThe Chinese Maze Murders\u3c/em\u3e in Contemporary China
Get PDFIn his article “Translation as Creative Writing: Rewriting The Chinese Maze Murders in Contemporary China,” Xiaoquan Raphael Zhang examines four groups of selected writings centered on one of Robert van Gulik’s more well-known Judge Dee novels, The Chinese Maze Murders (written first in English but not published until 1956). Different from most publications on van Gulik and his novels, Zhang examines the impact of censorship and self-censorship on the writing, rewriting, and (re)adapting, “literal” and “liberal/free” translation of the Judge Dee stories traveling between Chinese and English, between China and the West, for Chinese and non-Chinese audiences. Focus is given to contextualizing the two Chinese versions and in particular Chen’s rendition. Zhang argues that the Chinese translator’s (self-)censorship plays a role in generating more creativity and agency, sometimes coerced, in literary translation across different cultures and languages and renders literary translation more a creative mission than merely retelling stories in a different language. Viewed in this light, translators are more like creative writers. What deserves more scholarly investigation is their agency and strategies in (re)creating the texts for their target audience in the target language