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Towards a Distributed Model of Teaming: Instructor-driven Lessons from I-MATTER
No full textThis WIP research paper describes the development of a preliminary practical model to improve how instructors of large classes can address marginalization amongst teammates in small teams. We collected interviews with instructors of large first-year engineering classes at a large Midwestern, primarily white, research-intensive university, and analyzed them thematically drawing on Sue and colleagues’ microaggression theory, Cortina and colleagues’ articulation of selective incivility, and theory on coded language. Through iterative readings and coding, we offer an initial articulation of attributes demonstrated by instructors, and position those attributes in a preliminary contrasting model that prioritizes distributed responsibility over instructors being solely responsible for addressing marginalization
Mucho Morpho by LEaPP Deck 1
Get PDFMucho Morpho by LEaPP is a fun, interactive activity that can be used to improve morphological knowledge of commonly used affixes (prefixes and suffixes). This activity addresses several aspects of language and literacy to include vocabulary (semantics), syntax, morphology, decoding, and written expression. The Mucho Morpho deck includes option for multilingual learners and extension activities to make the activity more challenging. This deck contains 160 cards for use within a group setting. Affixes included are as follows: mis-, un-, pre-, -less, -ful, -able/-ible
Typology of Atmospheric Conditions Leading to Dam Overtopping in the Eastern US
Get PDFStatistical characterization of reanalysis datasets during over 300 hydrologic dam incidents between 2003 and 2022 will create a detailed typology of weather systems associated with dam overtopping in the eastern United States. Dam overtopping poses significant risks to infrastructure and public safety, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of the multi-scale atmospheric conditions that lead to such events. To better account for the natural flow of water to the affected dams, we will adopt a watershed-focused Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on regional atmospheric data collected from ERA5 alongside USGS streamflow and Stage IV precipitation observations to enhance understanding of high-risk weather conditions. PCA will be employed to reduce the dimensionality of our data and identify key components that capture significant flow characteristics, such as geopotential height, temperature, and stability at multiple levels, as well as those previously found as important for extreme precipitation and convective support, such as Integrated Vapor Transport (IVT) and Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE). We expect PCA to highlight how characteristics of dominant meteorological features, such as moisture advection, frontal evolution, and storm propagation, contribute to dam overtopping events. This initial study focuses on the Northeast watershed region, encompassing New Jersey, New York, New Hampshire, and Pennsylvania, to offer insights into the atmospheric dynamics of extreme precipitation and subsequent dam overtopping events in this area. Spatial analysis will then examine the geographical distribution of these characteristics and their correlation with dam overtopping incidents within the Northeast region. We anticipate our results from this region to be useful for comparisons with predictive models and to aid in the development of effective risk management strategies for dam safety. This focused study also provides a solid foundation for applying clustering algorithms and creating composite mapping to detail key variables for each weather type within this watershed
Eocene (50–55 Ma) greenhouse climate recorded in nonmarine rocks of San Diego, CA, USA
Get PDFNonmarine rocks in sea cliffs of southern California store a detailed record of weathering under tropical conditions millions of years ago, where today the climate is much drier and cooler. This work examines early Eocene (~ 50–55 million-year-old) deeply weathered paleosols (ancient, buried soils) exposed in marine terraces of northern San Diego County, California, and uses their geochemistry and mineralogy to reconstruct climate and weathering intensity during early Eocene greenhouse climates. These Eocene warm spikes have been modeled as prequels for ongoing anthropogenic global warming driven by a spike in atmospheric CO2. Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM, ~ 55 Ma) kaolinitic paleosols developed in volcaniclastic conglomerates are evidence of intense weathering (CIA \u3e 98) under warm and wet conditions (mean annual temperature [MAT] of ~ 17 °C ± 4.4 °C and mean annual precipitation [MAP] of ~ 1500 ± 299 mm). Geologically younger Early Eocene climatic optimum (EECO, 50 Ma) high shrink-swell (Vertisol) paleosols developed in coarse sandstones are also intensely weathered (CIA \u3e 80) with MAT estimates of ~ 20 °C ± 4.4 °C but have lower estimated MAP (~ 1100 ± 299 mm), suggesting a less humid climate for the EECO greenhouse spike than for the earlier PETM greenhouse spike
How individuals’ opinions influence society’s resistance to epidemics: an agent-based model approach
Get PDFBackground
Protecting public health from infectious diseases often relies on the cooperation of citizens, especially when self-care interventions are the only viable tools for disease mitigation. Accordingly, social aspects related to public opinion have been studied in the context of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. However, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of opinion-related factors on disease spread still requires further exploration.
Methods
We propose an agent-based simulation framework incorporating opinion dynamics within an epidemic model based on the assumption that mass media channels play a leading role in opinion dynamics. The model simulates how opinions about preventive interventions change over time and how these changes affect the cumulative number of cases. We calibrated our simulation model using YouGov survey data and WHO COVID-19 new cases data from 15 different countries. Based on the calibrated models, we examine how different opinion-related factors change the consequences of the epidemic. We track the number of total new infections for analysis.
Results
Our results reveal that the initial level of public opinion on preventive interventions has the greatest impact on the cumulative number of cases. Its normalized permutation importance varies between 69.67% and 96.65% in 15 models. The patterns shown in the partial dependence plots indicate that other factors, such as the usage of the pro-intervention channel and the response time of media channels, can also bring about substantial changes in disease dynamics, but only within specific ranges of the dominant factor.
Conclusions
Our results reveal the importance of public opinion on intervention during the early stage of the pandemic in protecting public health. The findings suggest that persuading the public to take actions they may be hesitant about in the early stages of epidemics is very costly because taking early action is critical for mitigating infectious diseases. Other opinion-related factors can also lead to significant changes in epidemics, depending on the average level of public opinion in the initial stage. These findings underscore the importance of media channels and authorities in delivering accurate information and persuading community members to cooperate with public health policies
Abnormal neural sensitivity to rewards as a candidate process of high depression risk in the FMR1 premutation: A pilot study
Get PDFThe etiological heterogeneity of depression poses a challenge for prevention and intervention efforts. One solution is to map unique etiological pathways for subgroups defined by a singular risk factor. A relevant population for this approach is women who carry the premutation of the fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 (FMR1) gene, who are at high risk for adult-onset depression. This study explores a candidate neurophysiological marker of depression risk: reduced reward sensitivity, indexed by the reward positivity (RewP). The RewP has been linked to depression risk in the general population, but is unexplored within FMR1 premutation carriers. 16 women with the FMR1 premutation and a matched control group completed a simple guessing task while the electroencephalogram was recorded. Among premutation carriers, RewP difference score (win versus loss) was reduced. These preliminary finding suggest that the FMR1 premutation may confer increased risk for depression in part through abnormal neural sensitivity to rewards
Shelf-life Evaluation of Eastern Cantaloupe Cultivars
Get PDFAs of 2018, Indiana cultivated approximately 1,800 acres of cantaloupes, primarily of the eastern type. For over a decade, ‘Aphrodite’ has been the most popular cultivar. Recently, extended shelf-life cultivars have been introduced and are gaining popularity in Indiana. Commercially, cantaloupes are typically harvested at the half-slip stage and are recommended to be stored at 36 to 45 °F with 95% relative humidity, allowing for an expected shelf-life of 10-14 days (Shellie and Lester, 2016). With the introduction of new cultivars, questions have arisen regarding how harvest maturity, storage temperature, and storage duration impact the shelf-life of both established and newly introduced cantaloupe cultivars. Additionally, while fruits are stored at the recommended temperatures on farm and during transport, they are displayed at room temperature once they arrive in stores. Limited information is available on the shelf-life of cantaloupes after exposure to room temperature following cold storage. This study was then designed to address these questions
Epistemological and Ontological Beliefs of Educational Psychology Doctoral Students
Get PDFAs a discipline, educational psychology is somewhat idiosyncratic in terms of content and methodologies. Such idiosyncrasies are likely rooted in the philosophical history of the discipline which involves both the empirical tradition of Thorndike and the contextualized pragmatics of James and Dewey. Despite this, there is little teaching about epistemological and ontological beliefs in most educational psychology doctoral programs. The purpose of this research was to (a) describe educational psychology doctoral students’ epistemological and ontological beliefs and (b) determine the effectiveness of a four-part activity in supporting students’ learning about epistemology and ontology. This study represents scholarship of teaching and learning. We analyzed 14 doctoral students’ responses to a four-part activity to describe their epistemological and ontological beliefs. Second, we used a parallel convergent mixed method design to analyze quantitative and qualitative data describing students’ learning from the activity.Students showed eclectic epistemological and ontological beliefs that were overall more epistemologically relativist than realist. For ontology, there was much more variability on the extent to which students believed truth exists and can be known in the discipline. All students, regardless of their epistemological and ontological beliefs, showed growth through the in-class activity. This is the first study to describe the epistemological and ontological beliefs of a sample of doctoral students in educational psychology. The results of this study and the pedagogical materials on which they are based can help the discipline itself and its students become more aware of its philosophical history and diversity