Repositorio de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría
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A new robust approach to solve minimum vertex cover problem: Malatya vertex-cover algorithm
No full textThe minimum vertex-cover problem (MVCP) is an NP-complete optimization problem widely used in areas such as graph theory, social network, security and transportation, etc. Different approaches and algorithms have been proposed in the literature to solve this problem, since MVCP is an optimization problem, the solutions developed for this problem could be more intuitive and give results under certain constraints. In addition, the proposed solution methods for this problem could be more effective, and the determined solution sets change in each iteration. The algorithms/methods developed for solving MVCP are mostly based on heuristic or greedy approaches. This study presents the Malatya vertex-cover algorithm, which provides an efficient solution and a robust approach based on the Malatya centrality value algorithm for MVCP. Although MVCP is an NP-complete problem that cannot be solved in polynomial time, the proposed method offers a polynomial solution to this problem, and the obtained solutions are optimum or near-optimum (optimal solution). This algorithm consists of two basic steps. In the first step, the Malatya centrality values of the nodes in the graph are calculated using the Malatya centrality algorithm. The Malatya centrality value of the nodes in any graph is the summation of the ratio of the node's degree to the adjacent nodes' degrees for each node. In the second step, nodes are selected for the MVCP solution based on the node with the maximum Malatya centrality value (psi) in the graph is selected and added to the solution set. Then this node and the edges incident on this node are removed from the graph. For the graph consisting of the remaining nodes, Malatya centrality values are calculated again, and the selection process is continued. The process is terminated when all edges in the graph are covered. The proposed algorithm has been tested on artificial, actual graphs and large-scale random graphs produced with the Erdos-Renyi model. When the results are examined, the proposed algorithm yields a robust solution set in polynomial time and polynomial space independent of constraints. In addition, the successful test results in the sample graphs and the analysis of the proposed approach show the effectiveness/superiority of the Malatya centrality algorithm and the proposed method
Investigation of changes in Hematological parameters and levels of Oxidative stress factors in castrated Cats
No full textThis study was carried out to determine the effect of castration procedure on hemogram and leukogram values and the levels of oxidative stress factors in serum tissue in cats. Preoperative and postoperative 10th day hemogram/leukogram values and total oxidant/antioxidant capacities of 19 castrated cats were evaluated in the study. When the hemogram and leukogram values were examined, it was determined that there was a statistically significant increase in the amount of eosinophils (P0.05). When the levels of oxidative stress factors in the serum tissues of the cats were examined, it was determined that there was a decrease in the total antioxidant status (TAS) and an increase in the total oxidant status (TOS), but the difference in the results was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In conclusion, in this study, it was determined that the castration procedure in cats did not cause a significant difference in hemogram and leukogram parameters and the level of oxidative stress factors in serum tissue, except for the amount of eosinophils
Investigation of the effect of oral and internal bisphosphonate use on bone density in the jaws in patients with osteoporosis in panoramic radiography
No full textObjectives: This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the effects of bisphosphonate use duration and route of administration on mandibular cortical and trabecular bone in postmenopausal women. Study design: Ninety postmenopausal women over the age of 50 were included in this study. Trabecular bone density was specified numerically by fractal dimension (FD) in the region of interest selected on the panoramic radiograph. The width of the mandibular cortical (MCW) bone under the mental foramen of the mandible was measured. Mann-Whitney U test was used for parameters that did not show a normal distribution. Spearman rho correlation test was used to determine the relationship between continuous measurement parameters. Results: It was observed that FD and MCW of dentate and edentate individuals using bisphosphonate were statistically significantly lower than those of healthy individuals (P .05). Conclusion: Fractal dimension was found to be lower in oral bisphosphonate use than in intravenous bisphosphonate use. The width of the mandibular cortical bone values was found to be lower in individuals using bisphosphonate than in healthy individuals. Fractal dimension and MCW may benefit clinicians as quantitative parameters in panoramic radiography in the diagnosis of osteoporosis.Inonu University Faculty of Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ClinicACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors thank the patients, faculty, staff, and stu-dents in the Inonu University Faculty of Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic for their partici-pation in this study
Volatiles, phenolic compounds and bioactive properties of essential oil and aqueous extract of purple basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats
No full textDiabetes represents a significant global health concern, and researchers are actively exploring innovative approaches to managing this disease. In this study, we investigated the bioactive properties and anti-diabetic activity of the aqueous extract (BAE) and essential oil (BEO) derived from purple basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). The antioxidant activity of BAE was found to be higher than that of the essential oil extract from purple basil. Among the phenolic compounds identified, t-caffeic acid was the most abundant, followed by caftaric acid, kaempferol-3-glucoside, and quercetin-3-glucoside. In total, 49 volatile constituents were identified in cold- and hot-brewed basil, with methyl cinnamate, linalool, and eugenol were the major compounds. Both BAE and BEO showed inhibitory effect on the ?-glucosidase and ?-amylase enzymes. Furthermore, the administration of BAE led to a 37% reduction in blood glucose levels at day 14 and a 25.5% reduction at day 28. Similarly, BEO exhibited a 26.3% decrease in fasting blood glucose levels on the 28th day in rats. These findings highlight the potential of BAE and BEO in reducing blood glucose levels and their consequent antidiabetic activity. Based on the results obtained, we suggest that basil can be utilized in the formulation of functional and dietary foods within the food and beverage industry, owing to its demonstrated antidiabetic properties. © 2023 The Author(s
Türkiye's international migration policies (2010-2022)
No full textAraştırmanın inceleme alanı Türkiye'nin 2010-2022 yılları arasındaki uluslararası göç politikalarının, Suriye iç savaşı sonrası Türkiye'ye gerçekleşen Suriye göçü çerçevesinde incelenmesi ve yaşanan göç hareketliliğinin Türkiye'deki ekonomik, sosyal ve güvenlik sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesidir. Suriye göçü; Türkiye'nin Cumhuriyet tarihinden bu yana yaşadığı göç hareketlerinden farklı karakterde bir insan hareketliliğidir. Göçle gelen nüfusun sayıca fazla olması ve göç hareketinin kesintisiz olarak uzun bir dönem devam etmesi göçün sonuçlarının, ülkede her geçen gün daha da hissedilir olmasına sebep olmuştur. Suriye'nin özellikle jeopolitik konumu nedeniyle, yaşanan iç savaşa, uluslararası kamuoyunda söz sahibi ülkeler ve kurumlar müdahil olmuş fakat bu müdahaleler Suriye iç savaşının çözülmesine katkıda bulunmamış, savaşın devam etmesi ise çok büyük bir göç dalgasının yaşanmasıyla sonuçlanmıştır. Suriye savaşı ile birlikte izlediği açık kapı politikası nedeniyle Türkiye dünyanın en çok mülteci barındıran ülkesi konumuna gelmiştir. Türkiye bu göç hareketine hazırlıksız yakalanmış ve öngöremediği bu insan hareketliliğini, göç sonrası yapılandırdığı kamu kurumları ve politikalar ile yönetmeye çalışmıştır. Suriye göçü, Türkiye'de ekonomik, sosyal ve güvenlik alanında birçok soruna neden olmuştur.The study area of the study is to examine Türkiye's international migration policies between 2010-2022 within the framework of Syrian migration to Türkiye after the Syrian çivil war and to evaluate the economic, social and security consequences of migration movements in Türkiye. Syrian migration; It is a human mobility of a different character from the migration movements that Türkiye has experienced since the history of the Republic. The fact that the population coming with migration is high and the migration movement continues for a long time without interruption has caused the results of migration to be felt more and more every day in the country. Due to the geopolitical position of Syria in particular, countries and institutions that have a say in the international public opinion have intervened in the civil war, but these interventions have not contributed to the resolution of the Syrian civil war, and the continuation of the war has resulted in a very large wave of migration. Due to the open door policy it has followed with the Syrian war, Türkiye has become the country hosting the most refugees in the world. Türkiye was caught unprepared for this migration movement and tried to manage this human mobility, which it could not foresee, with the public institutions and policies it structured after migration. Syrian migration has caused many economic, social and security problems in Türkiye
Depth-wise Squeeze and Excitation Block-based Efficient-Unet model for surface defect detection
No full textDetection of surface defects in manufacturing systems is crucial for product quality. Detection of surface defects with high accuracy can prevent financial and time losses. Recently, efforts to develop high-performance automatic surface defect detection systems using computer vision and machine-learning methods have become prominent. In line with this purpose, this paper proposed a novel approach based on Depth-wise Squeeze and Excitation Block-based Efficient-Unet (DSEB-EUNet) for automatic surface defect detection. The proposed model consists of an encoder-decoder, the basic structure of the Unet architecture, and a Depth-wise Squeeze and Excitation Block added to the skip-connection of Unet. First, in the encoder part of the proposed model, low-level and high-level features were obtained by the EfficientNet network. Then, these features were transferred to the Depth-wise Squeeze and Excitation Block. The proposed DSEB based on the combination of Squeeze-Excitation and Depth-wise Separable Convolution enabled to reveal of critical information by weighting the features with a lightweight gating mechanism for surface defect detection. Besides, in the decoder part of the proposed model, the structure called Multi-level Feature Concatenated Block (MFCB) transferred the weighted features to the last layers without losing spatial detail. Finally, pixel-level defect detection was performed using the sigmoid function. The proposed model was tested using three general datasets for surface defect detection. In experimental works, the best F1-scores for MT, DAGM, and AITEX datasets using the proposed DSEB-EUNet architecture were 89.20%, 85.97%, and 90.39%, respectively. These results showed the proposed model outperforms higher performance compared to state-of-the-art approaches.Inonu University Scientific Research Projects Coordination [FDK-2021-2725]This work was supported by the Inonu University Scientific Research Projects Coordination [Grant Number FDK-2021-2725]
Online gaming features in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
No full textAim: Leisure activities in adolescents with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) tend to focus on Internet activities, especially online games. Online gaming addiction has been observed in ADHD populations. Game genres and characteristics may affect addiction in ADHD adolescents who play online games. This study aims to contribute to the literature by examining the Internet gaming disorder (IGD) risk effects and game genres of hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention, and ADHD index separately. Methods: A total of 884 adolescents playing online games were included. Participants answered the online game features form, Conners-Wells’ adolescent self-report scale—long version and digital gaming addiction scale—short form under the observation of their teachers. Game genres and ADHD symptomatology (Inattention, Hyperactivity/impulsivity, ADHD index) were categorized within themselves. Results: IGD was significant in all subcomponents of ADHD symptomatology. In all subcomponents, insulting/threatening speeches were found in the chat tab. In the Hyperactivity/impulsivity component, more hours of online gaming and spending real money on in-game advantages were found. In the Inattention and ADHD index, the amount of gaming in the social environment of the adolescents was high. In ADHD symptomatology, no significant results were found in game genres (except sports in the Inattention component). nclusion: Although levels of online gaming are high in adolescents with ADHD, a bidirectional relationship is likely. We believe that social factors and communicative characteristics are important in relational factors in adolescents. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to answer important empirical questions about the relationship between ADHD-IGD and game genres
Block masonry equation-based model updating of a masonry minaret and seismic performance evaluation
No full textThis paper investigates a masonry minaret's current condition and seismic performance, namely Alacakapi Mir-Alay Sah Ali Bey (The short form is Alacakapi Minaret). Two prayer halls surround the Alacakapi minaret. One of these prayer halls was severely damaged by the Sivrice-Elazig earthquake on January 24, 2020. The other prayer hall is moderately damaged and still waiting for restoration and reinforcing solutions. The severely damaged hall was demolished. Due to the demolished hall, boundary conditions and clear height changed. Two surfaces are considered to be fixed supports. One is the bottom side, and the other is the vertical side. To determine the current condition of the minaret, first, dynamic identification is conducted by five accelerometers. Then destructive and non-destructive tests were performed to determine material properties. After that, a solid model was generated, and model calibration was conducted. Eight different formulations were considered for the model calibration proposed in the literature, reflecting a homogenized material approach that includes brick-and-mortar units. Three different mortar strengths were considered to obtain the best material properties that demonstrate the actual situation of the minaret. Local damage is realized when comparing the finite element model and operational modal analysis results. Finally, six different earthquake records were selected to determine the seismic response of Alacakapi Minaret to determine vulnerable locations for retrofit solutions.Scientific Research Projects Committee of Inonu University [FBG-2021-2566]AcknowledgementsThe experimental part of this study was partially supported by Scientific Research Projects Committee of Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye (Project no: FBG-2021-2566). Their support was gratefully acknowledged
The effect of perceived social support on self-management in individuals with TYPE 2 diabetes
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Tip 2 diyabetli bireylerde algılanan sosyal desteğin bireyin öz yönetimi üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Materyal ve metot: Tanımlayıcı bir araştırma olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini Adıyaman Besni Devlet Hastanesine 13.10.2022- 15.12.2022 tarihleri arasında başvuran, 18 yaş üstü ve en az bir yıllık tanı alan Tip 2 DM'li bireyler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın örneklemi; güç analizine göre %5 hata payı, %95 güven aralığında 300 kişi olarak hesaplanmış ancak 310 göünüllü hastaya ulaşılmış ve çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, verilerin toplanmasında Tip 2 DM'li bireyler ile araştırmanın amacına yönelik Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği(ÇBASDÖ) ve Tip 2 Diyabet Öz Yönetim Ölçeği (TDÖYÖ) kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: ÇBASDÖ-Toplam puanları DÖYÖ-Toplam puanları üzerine etkili bulunmuştur. ÇBASDÖ-Toplam puanlarındaki bir puanlık artış DÖYÖ-Toplam puanları üzerinde 0,076 puanlık artışa neden olmaktadır. Kurulan model istatistiksel olarak önemlidir (p=0,034). ÇBASDÖ-Toplam puanları DÖYÖ-Toplam puanlarını %1,1 düzeyinde açıklamaktadır. Tek değişkenli analizlerde hastaların tanımlayıcı özellikleri ile ÇBASDÖ-Toplam ve DÖYÖToplam puanları arasında yapılan karşılaştırmalarda p<0.25 değerine sahip değişkenler, karıştırıcı faktör olarak çoklu doğrusal regresyon modeline dâhil edilmiştir. Karıştırıcı faktörlere göre düzeltme yapıldığında ÇBASDÖ-Toplam puanlarının DÖYÖ-Toplam puanları üzerine etkili olduğu görülmektedir. ÇBASDÖ- Toplam puanlarındaki bir puanlık artış DÖYÖToplam puanları üzerinde 0.072 puanlık artışa neden olmaktadır. Kurulan model istatistiksel olarak önemlidir (p<0.001). Modeldeki değişkenler DÖYÖ-Toplam puanlarını %8.8 düzeyinde açıklamaktadır. Sonuç: ÇBASDÖ-Toplam puanları DÖYÖ-Toplam puanları üzerine etkili bulunmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır. Tip 2 diyabetli bireylerde algılanan sosyal desteğin artmasıyla, öz yönetim becerilerinin arttığı görülmüştür. Anahtar Kelimeler: Algılanan sosyal destek, Öz yönetim, Tip 2 DiyabetAim: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of perceived social support on self-management in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Material and method: It was conducted as a descriptive study. The research consists of individuals with Type 2 DM who applied to Adıyaman Besni State Hospital between 13.10.2022 and 15.12.2022, over the age of 18 and diagnosed for at least one year. The sample of the study; According to the power analysis, 5% margin of error was calculated as 300 people at 95% confidence interval. However, 310 volunteer patients were reached and included in the study. In this study, the Introductory Information Form, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and Type 2 Diabetes SelfManagement Scale (TDSMS) were used with individuals with Type 2 DM in order to obtain the desired results for the research question. Results: MSPSS-Total scores were found to be effective on TDSMS-Total scores. A one-point increase in MSPSS-Total scores causes an increase of 0.076 points on TDSMS -Total scores. The established model is statistically significant (p=0.034). MSPSS-Total scores explain the TDSMS -Total scores at the level of 1.1%. In the comparisons made between the descriptive characteristics of the patients and the MSPSS-Total and TDSMS total scores in univariate analyzes, variables with a p value of <0.25 were included in the multiple linear regression model as a confounding factor. When adjustments are made for confounding factors, it is seen that MSPSS-Total scores are effective on TDSMS -Total scores. A one-point increase in MSPSS-Total scores causes an increase of 0.072 points on TDSMS -Total scores. The established model is statistically significant (p<0.001). The variables in the model explain the TDSMS -Total scores at the level of 8.8%. Conclusion: MSPSS-Total scores were found to be effective on TDSMS -Total scores. The results obtained are statistically significant. It has been observed that selfmanagement skills increase with the increase in perceived social support in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Keywords: Perceived social support, Self-management, Type 2 Diabete
Determination of the nucleic acid constituents in mushroomsby liquid chromatography
No full textAmaç: Mantarlardaki dikkat çekici nükleosit rezervuarı nedeniyle, son zamanlarda bunların dağılımının nitel ve nicel olarak belirlenmesi önem kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmada Tekirdağ yöresinden toplanan yenilebilir mantar türlerindeki bazı nükleosit ve nükleobazların HPLC sistemi ile analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Analizi yapılan mantar türleri sırasıyla Trüf (Tuber borchii), Trüf (Tuber aestivum), Borazan (Craterellus fallax), Kuzu Göbeği (Morchella esculenta), Porçini (Boletus edulis), Sığır Dili (Hydnum repandum), Sarı Kız (Cantharellus cibarius) ve Kanlıca (Lactarius Salmonicolor) mantarlarıdır. Mantarlar liyofilize edildikten sonra -20°C'de muhafaza edilmişlerdir. Mantarda bulunan nükleotidler ters faz sıvı kromatografisi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Bileşiklerin ayrılması gradient elüsyonla SWEA C18 kolonu (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5µm) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. A çözücüsü olarak pH'sı 3.7 olan MeOH: 50 mM sodyum fosfat tamponu (1:99, h/h) karışımı; B çözücüsü olarak pH'sı 6.2 olan MeOH: 50 mM sodyum fosfat tamponu (20:80) kullanılmıştır. İç standart 3-metil ksantindir. Yöntem valide edilmiştir. Liyofilize edilen mantar örneklerini ekstrakte etmek için ses dalgaları destekli sıvı ekstraksiyonu ve basınçlı sıvı ekstraksiyonu olmak üzere iki farklı ekstraksiyon yöntemi ile kullanılmıştır. Ekstraksiyon çözücüsü olarak deiyonize su kullanılmıştır. Sıcaklık, zaman gibi parametreler optimize edilmiştir. Bulgular: 14 nükleotit 25 dakika sürede 254 nm dalgaboyunda eş zamanlı olarak ayrılmıştır. Ses dalgaları ekstraksiyon yönteminin daha etkin olduğu saptanmıştır. Bunun sebebi basınçlı sıvı ekstraksiyonu sisteminin kapalı bir sistem olması ve matriks çözücü etkileşiminin yetersiz kalması olabilir. Çalışılan yenilebilir mantar türleri arasında en yüksek nükleotit miktarına sahip olan tür ün Kuzu Göbeği olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Çalışılan tüm mantarlarda en fazla bulunan bileşiklerin adenosin, guanosin ve üridin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: HPLC-DAD, nükleobaz, nükleosit, yenilebilir mantarlar, ses dalgaları destekli sıvı ekstraksiyonuAim: The remarkable reservoir of nucleotides in mushroom has led to a recent interest in the qualitative and quantitative determination of their distribution. In the present research, it was intended to analyse some nucleosides and nucleobases in edible mushroom species collected from Tekirdağ region by HPLC system. Material and Method: The analyzed mushroom species are Truffle (Tuber borchii), Truffle (Tuber aestivum), Black Trumpet (Craterellus fallax), Lamb Belly (Morchella esculenta), Porcini (Boletus edulis), Sığır Dili (Hydnum repandum), Chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius) and Kanlıca (Lactarius salmonicolor) mushrooms, respectively. After the mushrooms were lyophilized, they were stored at -20°C. The nucleotides in the mushrooms were analyzed by the reverse phase liquid chromatography method. Separation of compounds was accomplished by gradient elution on a SWEA C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5µm). A mixture of MeOH: 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer (1:99, v/v) at pH 3.7 as solvent A; MeOH: 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer (20:80) at pH 6.2 was used as solvent B. The internal standard is 3-methyl xanthine. The method has been validated. Two different extraction methods were used to extract the lyophilized mushroom samples, namely, sonication-assisted liquid extraction and pressurized liquid extraction. Deionized water was used as the extraction solvent. Parameters such as temperature and time have been optimized. Results: The 14 nucleotides were simultaneously separated at a wavelength of 254 nm in 25 minutes. Sonication-assisted liquid extraction method has been found to be more effective. This is because the pressurized liquid extraction system is a closed system and matrix-solvent interaction is insufficient. Among the edible mushroom species studied, Lamb's Belly was found to have the highest nucleotide content. Conclusion: Adenosine, guanosine and uridine were found to be the most abundant compounds in all mushrooms studied. Keywords: HPLC-DAD, nucleobase, nucleoside, edible mushrooms, sound wave assisted liquid extractio