Repositorio de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría
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Vehicle-to-grid energy management of electric vehicle battery systems in smart grids including renewable energy sources
No full textFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği Ana Bilim DalıElektrikli araçlar yaygınlaşan ulaşım sistemleri içerisinde sera gazı emisyonları, ve küresel ısınmanın etkilerinin azaltılması gibi konulara çözüm sunarak otomobil pazarında adından oldukça söz ettirmektedir. Her geçen gün azalan fosil yakıt rezervi de dikkate alındığında elektrikli araç kullanıcı sayılarının artış göstermesi, gelecek nesillere daha yaşanabilir bir dünya bırakmak için oldukça önemli hale gelmektedir. Elektrikli araç batarya sistemlerinin depolama kaynağı olarak yönetilmesi iletişim teknolojileri ve ölçüm altyapıları ile uyumlu şekilde kullanımı akıllı şebeke konseptine oldukça uymaktadır. Bu da elektrikli araçlara olan olumlu bakış açısına katkı sağlamaktadır. Elektrikli araçların akıllı şebekelerle uyumlu çalışabilmesi güç sistemleri açısından bakıldığında birçok avantajı da beraberinde getirmektedir. Akıllı şebeke yönetimi ile elektrikli araç bataryasının gerektiği zaman yük, gerektiği zaman da şebekeye kaynak olarak takviye güç sağlaması bu otomobillerin güç yönetiminde kullanılmasına olanak sağlamaktadır. Elektrikli araçların bir diğer avantajı ise yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları ile uyumlu şekilde çalışabilmeleridir. Avantajları olduğu kadar dezavantajları da olan elektrikli araçların sadece yük olarak düşünüldüğünde, kontrolsüz şarj olması enerji sistemlerinde sorunlara yol açarak mevcut sistem yüklerinin güvenli çalışmasını tehlikeye atabilir. Bu tez çalışmasında da örneklendirildiği gibi kontrol yöntemleri ile sistemin dezavantajlarından korunulabilir. Bu tez çalışmasında evsel ve endüstriyel yüklerden ve yenilenebilir enerji üretiminden (güneş, rüzgar ve hidroelektrik) oluşan mikro şebekeye bağlı araç şebeke sisteminin çalışması Matlab/Simulink ortamında modellenmiştir. Toplam 100 araçtan oluşan bu yapı, üç farklı araç profiline sahip olup araçtan şebekeye enerji yönetimi incelenmiştir. Elde edilen simülasyon sonuçları incelendiğinde; araçtan şebekeye enerji yönetimi ile şebeke gerilimi etkili bir şekilde düzenlenmiş ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının da entegrasyonu ile sisteme olumlu katkı sağlamıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Elektrikli araç, araçtan şebekeye sistem, yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları, akıllı şebekeElectric vehicles are making a name in the automobile market by providing solutions to issues such as greenhouse gas emissions and reducing the effects of global warming in the increasingly widespread transportation systems. Considering the ever- decreasing fossil fuel reserves, the increase in the number of electric vehicle users becomes very important in order to leave a more livable world to future generations. Managing electric vehicle battery systems as storage resources and using them in harmony with communication technologies and measurement infrastructures fits the smart grid concept. This contributes to the positive perspective on electric vehicles. The ability of electric vehicles to work in harmony with smart grids brings many advantages in terms of power systems. With the smart grid management, the electric vehicle battery provides supplementary power to the grid when necessary and as a source when the load is required, allowing these cars to be used in power management. Another advantage of electric vehicles is that they can work in harmony with renewable energy sources. When electric vehicles, which have disadvantages as well as advantages, are considered only as loads, uncontrolled charging may cause problems in energy systems and risk the safe operation of existing system loads. As exemplified in this thesis, the disadvantages of the system can be protected with control methods. In this thesis, the operation of the vehicle grid system connected to the microgrid consisting of domestic and industrial loads and renewable energy production (solar, wind and hydroelectric) is modeled in the Matlab/Simulink environment. This structure, consisting of a total of 100 vehicles, has three different vehicle profiles and energy management from the vehicle to the grid has been examined. When the simulation results obtained are examined; with vehicle-to- grid energy management, grid voltage was effectively regulated and the integration of renewable energy sources made a positive contribution to the system. Keywords: Electric vehicle, vehicle to grid system, renewable energy sources, smart gri
Evaluation of genotoxic and mitotoxic effects of TAF-loaded chitosan nanoparticles in HepG2 cells
No full textTenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is a new drug from the nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor group approved for the treatment of chronic Hepatitis B in 2016. With this study, we aimed to test whether possible cellular toxicity can be reduced by controlled drug release as a result of loading with chitosan nanoparticles (CHS). We investigated the genotoxic and mitotoxic effects of 45 mu M TAF-loaded CHS and TAF-only on HepG2 cells by micronucleus (MN), comet assay, determination of mtDNA quantification, mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta Psi m), and ROS levels. Additionally, we compared the samples by RNAseq analyses to reveal the transcriptional responses to each regimen. In terms of genotoxic tests, although MN and comet were found higher in all experimental treatment conditions, the encapsulation of CHS reduced the genotoxicity of TAF. MtDNA level was found to be lower in the TAF treatment, whereas it was higher in CHS and CHS-TAF treatments. The TAF-loaded CHS and TAF treatments had an impaired Delta Psi m value. Cellular ROS levels were higher in all treatment conditions. According to the analyses of gene expression patterns; CHS-only changed the expression of relatively few genes (187 genes), while TAF changed the expression of the 1974 genes and TAF-loaded CHS changed the expression of 734 genes. Considering the gene expression numbers, CHS encapsulation of TAF significantly reduced the number of genes that were differentially expressed by TAF-only. Overall, we observed that TAF has genotoxic and mitotoxic effects on HepG2 cells, and upon encapsulation with CHS, its genotoxic and mitotoxic effects were decreased.Inonu University Research Fund in Turkey [TCD/2018-1356]This study was funded by the Inonu University Research Fund in Turkey (TCD/2018-1356)
Diferencias de género e implicaciones en la adherencia y eficacia de un tratamiento psicoeducativo grupal en rehabilitación cardíaca
No full textCardiovascular disorders are one of the main causes of death in developed countries. Their psychological risk factors influence quality of life. Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) programs are effective in this regard. This study aims to establish if there are gender differences among the psychological variables examined, to study adherence to a psychoeducational intervention group and analyze its power to reduce emotional distress. 124 patients were evaluated when first entering the CR program in Quality of Life (SF-36) and Anxiety and Depression (HADS) variables. 40 subjects attended a psychoeducational group intervention. Our results show that there are gender differences. Women showed better adherence, although the program was more effective in men. In order to improve the adherence and efficacy of the intervention, it would be better to find strategies that enhance motivation and address those features that can make a more successful intervention.Los trastornos cardiovasculares son una de las principales causas de muerte en países desarrollados. Los factores de riesgo psicológicos influyen sobre la calidad de vida. Los programas de Rehabilitación Cardíaca (RC) son eficaces. Los objetivos del estudio son: establecer si existen diferencias de género en las distintas variables psicológicas evaluadas, valorar la adherencia a una intervención psicoeducativa grupal y analizar su utilidad. 124 pacientes fueron valorados al inicio del programa de RC en variables de Calidad de Vida (SF-36) y Ansiedad y Depresión (HADS). 40 asistieron a la intervención grupal psicoeducativa. Encontramos que existen diferencias de género: las mujeres obtuvieron peores resultados y mostraron mayor adherencia, aunque la eficacia fue mayor en los varones. Es necesario encontrar estrategias que aumenten la motivación, así como aquellos aspectos que pueden conllevar un mayor éxito de la intervención
Psicobiología del binomio ideas y acciones vinculadas
No full textThe scientific information on ideation and linked behaviors, whether being pathological or normal, is prolix. This theoretical review intends to update certain important conceptual and psychobiological aspects related to ideation and associated behaviors. The qualification and strategy of “planned behavior” as well as the “full awareness” mental attitude or mindfulness will be tackled. After a suitable electronic and manual search in several national and international bibliographic indexes, the number of selected references is n= 83. There is enough scientific evidence supporting the beneficial joint implementation of full awareness and planned behavior, which interact in the brain and will provide the subjective feeling of improved self-control and management. In ordinary daily practice, the “supposed knowledge” is common, since the sensation of knowledge is emotional, not cognitive, so the alleged truth or certainty will only be an idea or opinion. Past experiences and choices will influence present emotions, which intermediate with actions. A cultivated full awareness state could make a difference and will probably affect the functions of the autonomous and central nervous systems.Resulta prolija la información científica sobre la ideación y los comportamientos vinculados, sean normales o patológicos. Con esta revisión narrativa teórica se pretenden actualizar ciertos aspectos importantes conceptuales y psicobiológicos relacionados. Se abordarán la cualificación y la estrategia del “comportamiento planificado”, así como la actitud mental de “conciencia plena” o mindfulness. Tras la pertinente búsqueda electrónica y manual en distintos repertorios bibliográficos nacionales e internacionales, el número de referencias seleccionadas es n= 83. Hay suficientes evidencias científicas que apoyan la implementación conjunta favorecedora de la conciencia plena y del comportamiento planificado, que interactúan en el cerebro y proporcionan la sensación subjetiva de gestión y autocontrol emocionales mejorados. En la práctica ordinaria cotidiana son comunes los “supuestos saberes”, ya que la sensación de conocimiento es emocional, no cognitiva, de modo que las pretendidas verdades o certezas serán solo ideas u opiniones. Las experiencias y elecciones pasadas influirán en las emociones presentes, que intermedian con las acciones. Podría ser diferente con un estado de conciencia plena cultivada, que con toda probabilidad afectará a las funciones de los sistemas nerviosos central y autónomo
Crítica a la práctica psicofarmacológica a partir de la Ética de Spinoza
No full textThe hegemonic psychopharmacotherapeutic practice is based on cartesian epistemic premises. Human pharmacology assumes the concept of body-machine, where the biomolecular mechanism of action is sequential, static and predictable and is mechanically propagated up to the clinical and meaningful dimensions. When this Cartesian model is applied to the central nervous system, it ceases to explain what is observed, in addition to incurring in practices that violate fundamental human rights. It is therefore justified to look for other metaphysical premises for psychiatric practice, which, on the one hand, have a greater predictive capacity (achieve a better epistemic model) and, on the other, place more emphasis on its ethical implications. Spinoza's Ethics provides us with some keys that respond to both challenges.La práctica psicofarmacoterapéutica hegemónica se sustenta sobre premisas epistémicas cartesianas. La farmacología humana asume el concepto de cuerpo-máquina donde el mecanismo de acción biomolecular es de tipo secuencial, estático y predecible, y se propaga mecánicamente hasta las dimensiones clínicas y de sentido. Cuando este modelo cartesiano se aplica al sistema nervioso central, deja de ser explicativo de lo que se observa, además de incurrir en prácticas que violan los derechos humanos fundamentales. Está, por tanto, justificado buscar otras premisas metafísicas a la práctica psiquiátrica que, por un lado, tengan mayor capacidad predictiva (logren un mejor modelo epistémico) y, por otro, pongan más énfasis en sus implicaciones éticas. La Ética de Spinoza nos proporciona algunas claves que dan respuesta a ambos retos
Historias de supervivencia en tierra de nadie: Marta Guarch-Rubio (2023). Psicología de fronteras. Testimonios de asilo en supervivientes de guerra y otras personas refugiadas en el siglo XXI
No full textLa mayor parte de los textos que tienen que ver con la salud mental están escritos por profesionales para dar cuenta de reflexiones, teorías y prácticas de la disciplina. La voz de las personas que sufren suele darse por descontada, estandarizada y, en todo caso, subalterna. Este fenómeno silencia especialmente a aquellas personas más apartadas del engranaje social y de los servicios de atención, y permite que la mayoría de profesionales y sociedad civil podamos vivir más tranquilos alejados de su existencia
La cuestión territorial: la AEN-PSM como federación de asociaciones
No full textLa AEN-PSM es una asociación que impulsa y favorece la descentralización y el establecimiento de organizaciones territoriales. Esta cuestión territorial tiene antecedentes históricos que merece la pena señalar. La Sociedad de Psiquiatría y Neurología de Barcelona, fundada en 1911, ya señalaba esta posibilidad: “(…) nos proponemos conseguir la constitución de otras [sociedades] similares en toda la península que vivan asociadas a la nuestra en forma de federación
¿Qué se espera de la AEN-PSM en el futuro?
No full textDesde su fundación en 1924, la AEN-PSM ha sido testigo activo en los acontecimientos históricos de la vida política y social del país durante los últimos cien años. Según hemos visto en los apartados precedentes, la Asociación ha experimentado cambios importantes en cuanto a su organización, sus gentes, su influencia política, social o científica, etc. Los ejes analizados hasta ahora han intentado examinar los avatares de la AEN según una serie de ejes temáticos en los que la reflexión histórica (más o menos reciente) ha permitido explicar determinados procesos acaecidos en la vida asociativa a lo largo de esos cien años
Comparison of postoperative analgesic efficacy of bupivacaine and levobupivacaine for dorsal penile block
No full textAim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the postoperative analgesic efficacy and side effects of bupivacaine and levobupivacaine for dorsal penile blockage in circumcised patients. Material and Methods: A total of 84 circumcised patients (age range: 7-11 years) were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the dorsal penile block method: bupivacaine utilized Group B, levobupivacaine utilized Group L. Blocks were administered preoperatively with 1mL kg -1 of 0.25% bupivacaine and levobupivacaine. Postoperative pain scores and sedation were evaluated. Pain assessment was performed using the WongBaker faces Pain Scale (WBPS). The number of patients without pain within the first 6 hours, analgesia duration, time of first analgesia, and total paracetamol consumption were recorded. Results: Mean scores of WBPS were found statistically higher at the first, second and third hours in group B than in group L (p<0,05). The results showed no statistically significant differences between groups according to the WBAS assessment at 4, 5 and 6 hours, rates of rescue analgesic requirement and also rescue paracetamol dose between the groups. Discussion: Administration of levobupivacaine for dorsal penile blockage was found to be more efficient to provide postoperative analgesia and also to reduce postoperative analgesia utilization than bupivacaine in circumcised children under general anesthesia