Repositorio de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría
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Investigation of the relationship between parental emotion regulation skills and attitudes and child temperament
No full textAmaç: Araştırmanın amacı; erken çocukluk dönemindeki çocukların mizaç yapılarını incelemek ve ebeveyn duygu düzenleme becerilerinin ve ebeveyn tutumlarının çocuk mizacı ile olan ilişkisini açıklamaktır. Materyal ve metot: İlk aşamada çocuk mizacı konusunda yapılan araştırmalar bibliyometrik açıdan incelenmiştir. İkinci aşamada çocuk mizacının demografik verilerle ilişkisi, ebeveyn duygu düzenleme becerisi ve tutumlarının mizaca etkisi incelemiştir. Araştırmada amaçsal örnekleme kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini okulöncesi çağındaki çocukların anneleri oluşturmaktadır. Veriler; Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Çocuklarda Mizaç Ölçeği, Ebeveyn Tutum Ölçeği (ETÖ) ve Ebeveynler için Duygu Düzenleme Ölçeği (EDDÖ) kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde çoklu doğrusal regresyon ve hiyerarşik regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Çocuk mizacına ilginin son yıllarda arttığı, en ilgili disiplin alanının gelişimsel psikoloji olduğu, zor mizaç, bozukluk, bebek mizacı konularının popüler olduğu, mizaç ebeveynlik, çocuk mizacı anahtar kelimelerinin birbiriyle ilişkili olduğu görüldü. Demografik açıdan çocuk mizacının cinsiyet, doğum sırası, ebeveyn öğrenim düzeyinden etkilendiği, 40 yaş üstü ebeveynlerin çocuklarında çekingen mizaç özelliklerinin yüksek olduğu, yaş, gelir durumu ve annenin çalışması açısından farklılığın olmadığı görülmüştür. Regresyon analizi sonucunda ebeveyn duygu düzenlemesinin demokratik, otoriter ve aşırı koruyucu tutum üzerinde etkisinin olduğu, ebeveyn tutumlarının çocuk mizacının tepkisellik, olumluluk ve çekingenlik boyutu üzerinde etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür. Ebeveyn duygu düzenlemesi ve tutumlarının çocuk mizacı üzerinde etkili olduğu ve ebeveyn tutumlarının düzenleyici rolü olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Çocuk mizacının popüler bir konu olduğu, mizacın bazı demografik değişkenlerle ilişkili olduğu, çocuk mizacında ebeveyn duygu düzenlemesi ve tutumlarının etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür.Aim: The study aims to examine the temperament structures of children in early childhood and explain the relationship between parental emotion regulation skills, parental attitudes and child temperament. Materials and methods: In the first stage, research on child temperament was examined from a bibliometric perspective. The relationship between child temperament and demographic data and the effect of parental emotion regulation skills and attitudes on temperament was studied in the second stage. Purposive sampling was used in the research. The population of the research consists of mothers of preschool-age children. Data: The Personal Information Form was obtained using the Children's Temperament Scale, the Parental Attitude Scale and the Emotion Regulation Scale for Parents. Multiple linear regression and hierarchical regression analyses were accomplished to analyze the data. Results: It was observed that the interest in child temperament has increased in recent years. The most appropriate discipline field is developmental psychology; the subjects of complex temperament, disorder, and baby temperament are popular, and the keywords temperament parenting and child temperament are related. Regarding demographics, it was observed that child temperament is affected by gender, birth order, and parental education level. Shy temperament characteristics are high in children of parents over 40, and there is no difference in age, income level, or mother's employment. As a result of the regression analysis, it was seen that parental emotion regulation had an effect on democratic, authoritarian and overprotective attitudes, and parental attitudes had an effect on the reactivity, positivity and shyness dimensions of child temperament. It was observed that parental emotion regulation and attitudes are effective on child temperament and that parental attitudes have a regulatory role. Conclusion: It was noticed that child temperament is a popular topic, temperament is related to some demographic variables, and parental emotion regulation and attitudes affect child temperament
An investigation of preschool teachers' views on values education activities
No full textEğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Eğitim Bilimleri Ana Bilim Dalı, Eğitim Programları ve Öğretim Bilim DalıBu çalışmanın amacı, okul öncesi öğretmenlerin değerler eğitimi hakkındaki görüşlerini ve uygulamalarını incelemektir. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen ve uzman görüşü alınan Öğretmen Görüşme Formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2022-2023 eğitim öğretim yılında Elazığ'da görev yapan 32 okul öncesi öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yöntemi ile elde edilen veriler içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, öğretmenler değerler eğitimini önemli bulmakta, ancak uygulamalarda yetersizlikler olduğunu düşünmektedirler. En çok işlenen değerler saygı, sevgi ve paylaşmakken, cömertlik ve eşitlik gibi değerler daha az işlenmektedir. Öğretmenler, öğrencilerin değerleri kazanıp kazanmadığını en çok gözlem yöntemiyle değerlendirmektedir. Değerlerin kazanılması sürecinde en büyük etkenin aile olduğu, okul ve çevrenin ise tamamlayıcı bir rol üstlendiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Kullanılan materyallerin en çok hikaye kitapları, kuklalar ve video/film gibi araçlar olduğu, ancak bu materyallerin yetersiz kaldığı belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenlere ve velilere alanında uzman kişilerce eğitim ve seminer verilmesi, eğitim programının güncellenmesi, MEB'in okullara materyal desteği sağlaması ve etkinliklerin çoğaltılması gerektiği de çıkan sonuçlar arasındadır.The aim of this study is to examine preschool teachers' views on values education and their practices. In this study, case design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The Teacher Interview Form, which was developed by the researcher and received expert opinion, was used in the study. The study group of the research consists of 32 preschool teachers working in Elazığ in the 2022-2023 academic year. The data obtained through semi-structured interviews were analyzed by content analysis. According to the results of the study, teachers find values education important, but they think that there are inadequacies in practices. The most frequently taught values are respect, love and sharing, while values such as generosity and equality are taught less frequently. Teachers mostly evaluate whether students acquire values through observation. It was concluded that the family is the biggest factor in the process of acquiring values, while the school and the environment play a complementary role. The materials used were mostly storybooks, puppets and videos/films, but these materials were found to be insufficient. It was also concluded that teachers and parents should be given training and seminars by experts in their fields, the education program should be updated, the Ministry of National Education should provide material support to schools and activities should be increased
Are adolescents with social anxiety disorder in danger of peer bullying?
No full textAim: This study aimed to assess the rates of peer bullying and stress-coping strategies in adolescents with SAD and to investigate the relationship between SAD and different types of peer bullying. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included ninety-two adolescents aged 14 to 17 years with SAD and one hundred-five typically developing adolescents. A semi-structured psychiatric interview, the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A), the Peer Bullying Scale-Adolescent Form (PBS-AF), and the Coping Scale for Adolescents (CSA) were applied to all participants. Peer bullying was classified into six types (physical, verbal, exclusion, spreading rumors, attacks against property, and sexual) and two roles (bullying and victimization). Results: On every subscale of the PBS-AF victimization dimension, the SAD group’s mean scores were significantly higher than those of the controls. Regarding the PBSAF bullying dimension, the Physical Bullying and Sexual Bullying scores of the SAD group were significantly lower than the control group, but the Isolation/ Exclusion scores were significantly higher than the control group. Compared to the control group, the mean scores of Active Coping of CSA were significantly lower, while the mean scores of Negative Coping and Avoidant Coping were significantly higher in the SAD group. The SAS-A’s total score had a significant positive correlation with all subscales of the PBS-AF victimization dimension. Age, gender, academic performance, and psychiatric comorbidity had a predictive effect on some of the victimization dimension variables of peer bullying. Conclusion: This study has revealed that SAD is an important risk factor for peer victimization. The routine psychiatric examination of adolescents with SAD should also include a screening for peer bullying
Is there any relationship between the attenuation of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and serum YAP-1 levels?
No full textAim: Cerebral ischemia (CI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Due to the long and costly treatment process after ischemia and the need for lifelong patient care, studies in this field are important. Explaining the mechanism of damage is valuable in terms of developing preventive applications in risky persons and accelerating the treatment processes of sick patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum yes-associated protein 1 (YAP-1) level, an antiapoptotic marker, and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI/R) injury. Materials and Methods: Wistar Albino adult (10 weeks old, 280-300 g) male rats were randomly assigned to Sham, CI, Asp+CI, and CI+Asp, with 24-hours and 7-day reperfusion periods (n=8). CI was created using the intra-arterial filament technique during 60 minutes, Asprosin (Asp) (1 µg/kg/day) injections were applied 3 days before or 3 days during of 24h and 7 days reperfusion. YAP- l levels were measured using customary ELISA kits. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare differences between groups. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The decrease in YAP-1 in the CI groups is statistically significant (p<0.05) compared to the sham group. The increase in YAP-1 levels in Asp groups compared with CI group is statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The serum YAP-1 levels decreased due to CI/R injury. Asp, which is known to be effective in the apoptosis pathway, increased YAP-1 levels when used for protective and therapeutic purposes against CI/R injury
Effects of the February 6, 2023 Earthquakes on Public Finance
No full textSon yıllarda doğal afetlerin hem sıklığında hem de şiddetinde artışların görülmesi hükümetlerin afetlerle mücadele etmesinde giderek artan zorluklara neden olmaktadır. Hükümetler afet öncesinde, afet esnasında ve afet sonrasında yaptığı faaliyetlerden dolayı harcamalarda bulunmaktadır. Afet öncesi önleme faaliyetleri için yapılacak olan kamu harcamaları afet sonrası müdahale ve yeniden inşa faaliyetleri için yapılan kamu harcamalarına göre daha düşük orandadır. Depremin zamanı ve şiddeti tam olarak öngörülemez. Bu çalışmada 6 Şubat 2023'te Pazarcık (Kahramanmaraş) ve Elbistan (Kahramanmaraş)'da 7,8 ve 7,5 büyüklüğündeki iki güçlü depremlerin Türk mali yapısına etkisi incelenecektir. Bu bağlamda mali değerlendirmeyi ortaya koyabilmek için yayınlanmış raporlar ve istatistiki veriler incelenmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda deprem nedeniyle acil müdahale ve yeniden inşa faaliyetlerinden dolayı cari ve sermaye transferlerini arttırdığı görülmektedir. Türkiye bir deprem ülkesi olduğundan riskli bölgelerdeki yapı stoklarının güçlendirilmesi veya yeniden inşa edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu faaliyetlerin yerine getirilebilmesi için merkezi ve yerel yönetim bütçelerine ödeneklerin eklenmesi gerekmektedir. Kamu maliyesinin sürdürülebilirliği açısından afetleri önlemeye yönelik harcamaların bütçelerde yer alması bir zorunluluk olmuştur. 2024 yılı için depremle ilgili yapılacak olan harcamaların merkezi yönetim bütçesi içerisindeki oranı %9 olarak belirlenmiştir. 2024 yılı bütçesi içerisinde depremle ilgili faaliyetler için ayrılan ödenek, temel kamu hizmetleri olan sağlık, eğitim ve savunma harcamalarından sonraki en yüksek orandır. Orta vadeli program çerçevesinde depremle ilgili yapılacak olan harcamalar için 2025 ve 2026 yılları içinde bütçe ödenek tavanları belirlenmiştir
A Novel Hybrid Gray MCDM Model for Resilient Supplier Selection Problem
No full textThe current business climate has generated considerable uncertainty and disrupted supply chain processes. Suppliers have frequently been identified as the primary source of hazards responsible for supply chain disruptions. Using a strategic approach to supplier selection that prioritizes providers with resilience features, mitigating the risk exposure inherent in supply chains is possible. This study proposes a comprehensive gray multiple-criteria decision making (MCDM) method incorporating resilience attributes to supplier selection. To determine criteria weights, the gray PSI and gray BWM methodologies were used, and to evaluate and prioritize resilient providers, the gray MCRAT and gray COBRA methodologies were applied. According to the results obtained by the suggested methodology, the supplier that demonstrated the greatest degree of resilience was determined to be the provider categorized as SPIR 4. The sequential sequence of the SPIR numbers is as follows: SPIR 5, SPIR 1, SPIR 3, SPIR 2, and SPIR 6. The data demonstrate that the developed approach produced accurate results
Investigation of the Effect of Local and Systemic Preoperative Dexamethasone Application on Bone Tissue Healing in Mandibular Bone Defects
No full textObjectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of locally and systemically delivered single-dose corticosteroid injections on bone tissue. Study Design: A total of 84 Wistar albino rats were divided into 2 groups as local and systemic injection groups, and 2 groups as control and experiment among themselves. Before the procedure, dexamethasone was given to the experimental group and physiological saline was given to the control group. A defect was created in the jawbone. It was sacrificed on the third, seventh, and 40th days. The mandible bones of the sacrificed rats were removed and the healing of the bone tissue was examined histopathologically. Results: No significant difference was observed in the tissue sections of the subjects sacrificed after 40 days. However, the increase in fibroblastic connective tissue and the number of osteoblasts were less in the experimental local groups that were sacrificed after 7 days compared with the control groups (P=0.040 and 0.041). Again, it was determined that there was a statistically significant decrease in the experimental local group compared with the experimental systemic group (P=0.040 and 0.004). Conclusions: It can be said that single-dose corticosteroid applications cause a delay in bone healing in the early period. © 2024 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.Adiyaman Üniversitesi; 2020-0001This study was supported by Adiyaman University Scientific Research Projects (ADY\u00DC-BAP) Project Management Office with project number 2020-0001
Preparation and evaluation of fast-dissolving albendazole sulfoxide and praziquantel-loaded polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofiber films by electrospinning
No full textAlbendazole sulfoxide (ALBSOX) and Praziquantel (PRZ) are broad-spectrum anthelmintic medications used in the treatment of both humans and animals that are challenging to manufacture for geriatric and pediatric populations and have poor oral bioavailability due to their low water solubility and high lipophilicity. To increase the solubility and bioavailability of the drugs, ALBSOX and PRZ-loaded nanofiber films were prepared using polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 (PVP), a non-toxic, inert polymer with high hydrophilic characteristics. SEM analysis of the produced ALBSOX and PRZ-loaded PVP nanofiber films revealed them to be uniform and smooth, with good uniformity and mechanical properties. The PVP nanofiber films of ALBSOX and PRZ disintegrated in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) in less than 1 s and increased the solubility of ALBSOX and PRZ about five times compared to pure active ingredients. Furthermore, the prepared ALBSOX and PRZ-loaded PVP nanofiber films were found to have no cytotoxic effect in cell viability studies using L929 cells, and increased the protoscolicidal effect of the ALBSOX and PRZ combination approximately 2-fold in studies of Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces. The findings of the present study reveal that the developed PVP nanofiber films have the potential to improve the dissolution profile and pharmacological efficacy of the ALBSOX and PRZ.Hacettepe University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [TSA-2021-19166]Funding This study was supported by the Hacettepe University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [grant number TSA-2021-19166]
Investigation of bearing capacity of screw piles in weak soils by experimental and numerical studies
No full textBu çalışma içerisinde vidalı kazıkların çekme ve basınç kuvveti altındaki davranışlarını incelemek üzere deneysel ve sayısal analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada kohezyonlu ve kohezyonsuz zemin olmak üzere iki farklı zemin seçilmiş ve deneyler bu zeminler ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalar kapsamında kohezyonlu ve kohezyonsuz zemin ortamları hazırlanarak kazıkların bu zeminler içerisindeki davranışı model yükleme deneyleri ile incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda geleneksel (helezonsuz), üç helezonlu, beş helezonlu ve yedi helezonlu vidalı kazık olmak üzere dört farklı kazık deneylerde kullanılmış ve PLAXIS 3D kullanılarak sayısal analizlerde modellenmiştir. Vidalı kazıklarda helezon sayısının etkisi, kohezyonlu ve kohezyonsuz zeminlerdeki performansları, yenilme yüzeyleri, helezon verimliliği gibi parametreler incelenmiştir. Daha sonra geotekstil ile çekme kuvveti altındaki vidalı kazıkların performansını arttırmak üzere deneyler yapılmıştır. Ayrıca sodyum hidroksit, sodyum silikat ve uçucu kül kullanılarak oluşturulan bağlayıcı ile geotekstil üzerine kaplama yapılarak geopolimer kaplanmış geotekstil oluşturulmuş ve yine deneylerde çekme kuvveti altındaki performansı arttırmak üzere kullanılmıştır. PLAXIS 3D ile oluşturulan model, deneysel çalışma sonuçları ile doğrulandıktan sonra parametrik çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, kohezyonlu zeminde helezon sayısı arttıkça basınç ve çekme kuvveti için de taşıma kapasitesi artmış, kohezyonsuz zeminde ise bu etki basınç kuvveti etkisi altında aynıyken çekme kuvveti etkisi altında düşüşe sebep olmuştur. Geotekstil ve geopolimer ile kaplanmış geotekstil kullanımı kohezyonsuz zeminlerde taşıma gücü artışına sebep olurken kohezyonlu zeminlerde bu etki görülmemiştir. Helezon çapındaki artış taşıma kapasitesini arttırırken gömülme derinliği artışı en çok kohezyonsuz zeminde çekme kuvveti altında taşıma kapasitesini arttırmıştır.In this study, experimental and numerical analyses were carried out to investigate the behavior of screw piles under tensile and compressive forces. Two different soils, cohesive and cohesionless soils, were selected and the experiments were carried out with these soils. Within the scope of the experimental studies, cohesive and cohesionless soil deposits were prepared and the behavior of the piles in these soils was investigated by model loading tests. In this context, four different piles, namely traditional pile, three, five and seven helix screw piles, were used in the experiments and modelled in numerical analyses. Parameters such as the effect of the number of helixes in screw piles, their performance in cohesive and cohesionless soils, failure surfaces, helix efficiency were analyzed. Then, experiments were carried out with geotextile to improve the performance of screw piles under tensile force. In addition, geopolymer coated geotextile was formed by coating on geotextile with binder formed by using sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate and fly ash and used in experiments to increase the performance under tensile force. After the model created with PLAXIS 3D was verified with the experimental results, parametric studies were carried out. As a result, the bearing capacity increased for both compressive and tensile forces as the number of helixes increased in cohesive soil, while in cohesionless soil, this effect was the same under compressive force but decreased under tensile force. The use of geotextile and geotextile coated with geopolymer caused an increase in bearing capacity in cohesionless soils but not in cohesive soils. While the increase in auger diameter increased the bearing capacity, the increase in embedment depth increased the bearing capacity under tensile force mostly in cohesionless soil
Una mirilla abierta a la cotidianidad institucional de los manicomios españoles: las publicaciones de pacientes (1950-1989)
No full textPeriodical publications produced by people with mental illness in psychiatric institutions (newspapers, magazines, newsletters...) have almost two centuries of history. However, despite their undeniable interest as a historiographic source and as first-person narrative testimonies, they have generally been neglected as an object of interest and study. In a first part of this work, integrated into the project www.psiquifanzines.com, the reflection that the transition and Spanish psychiatric care reform had on the publications studied was presented. On this occasion, from the privileged window of their pages, we will look at the most mundane aspects of institutional day-to-day life, with their desires and frustrations, we will learn details with regard to the passage of time, their occupations and entertainment, food and hygiene, the precariousness of facilities, as well as the coexistence and relationships among peers and with the staff. In sum, the most hidden daily life of patients, who, through their claims and complaints, told us about what was important to them, talking about adaptation and subsistence.Las publicaciones periódicas producidas por personas con enfermedad mental en instituciones psiquiátricas (periódicos, revistas, boletines…) tienen casi dos siglos de historia. Sin embargo, a pesar de su innegable interés como fuente historiográfica y testimonio narrativo en primera persona, generalmente han sido desatendidas como objeto de interés y estudio. En una primera parte de este trabajo, integrado en el proyecto www.psiquifanzines.com, se presentó el reflejo que la transición y la reforma asistencial psiquiátrica española tuvieron en las publicaciones localizadas. En esta ocasión, nos asomaremos desde la ventana privilegiada de sus páginas a los aspectos más cotidianos del día a día institucional, con sus anhelos y frustraciones, conoceremos detalles sobre el transcurso del tiempo, con sus ocupaciones y entretenimientos, sobre la alimentación e higiene, la precariedad de las instalaciones, así como sobre la convivencia y relaciones entre pares y con el personal asistencial y el trato recibido. En definitiva, sobre la más escondida cotidianidad de los pacientes, quienes, a través de sus reclamaciones y quejas, nos señalan lo realmente importante para ellos, hablándonos de adaptación y subsistencia