Repositorio de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría
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Synthesis, DFT calculations, and investigation of catalytic and biological activities of back-bond functionalized re-NHC-Cu complexes
No full textFive copper complexes (3a-e) stabilized by ring-expanded back-bond functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (re-NHCs) were produced in the glovebox by reacting free re-NHC with CuI precursor. The potential of these re-NHC-Cu complexes as catalysts on the synthesis of mono- and di-(1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles) by Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions was investigated. Various spectroscopic approaches were utilized to completely characterize the structures of the re-Cu-NHC complexes. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to get further insights into their molecular geometry and CuAAC reaction mechanism. The re-NHC-Cu complexes showed high activity on the CuAAC reaction in an open-air atmosphere at rt. The Gibbs free energies as well as the optimized geometries of the intermediates and the transition states of the determining step of the reactions catalyzed by 3a, 3e, and 3b complexes were computed. Complex 3e was found to be the most efficient catalyst among these re-NHC-Cu complexes. Additionally, re-Cu-NHC complexes were investigated for their biological activities, including antiproliferative, antioxidant, AChE and TyrE inhibition, and antiparasitic activity. The results showed that the 3b, 3d, and 3e complexes possessed strong antiproliferative activity against human colon carcinoma (HCT-116) and moderate cytotoxic activity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2) cell lines. In addition, effective selective antileishmanial effects were observed for the 3e compound against both promastigotes and amastigotes stages of L. major with an IC50 value of 0.027 and 0.39 mu M mL-1, respectively. These results demonstrate that these compounds are promising candidates for the treatment of colorectal cancer and leishmaniasis. re-NHC-Cu complexes have been synthesized and used as catalyst on CuAAC reactions. imageIdot;noenue University BAP [FYL-2020-2154]; King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [RSP2023R75]The authors extended their appreciation to the researchers supporting & Idot;noenue University BAP Project number FYL-2020-2154, and the authors extended their appreciation to the researchers supporting Project number RSP2023R75, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The supercomputing resources used in this work to perform DFT calculations were supported by the HPC of UCI-UFMC (Unite de Calcul Intesif of the University Freres Mentouri Constantine 1)
Assessing the impact of antiviral drugs commonly utilized during the COVID-19 pandemic on the embryonic development of Xenopus laevis
No full textThe antiviral drugs favipiravir and oseltamivir are widely used to treat viral infections, including coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), and their levels are expected to increase in the aquatic environment. In this study, the potential toxic and teratogenic effects of these drugs were evaluated using the frog embryo teratogenesis assay Xenopus (FETAX). In addition, glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase, carboxylesterase (CaE), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activities and malondialdehyde levels were measured as biochemical markers in embryos and tadpoles for comparative assessment of the sublethal effects of the test compounds. Prior to embryo exposure, drug concentrations in the exposure medium were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography. The 96-h median lethal concentration (LC50) was 137.9 and 32.3 mg/L for favipiravir and oseltamivir, respectively. The teratogenic index for favipiravir was 4.67. Both favipiravir and oseltamivir inhibited GR, CaE, and AChE activities in embryos, while favipiravir increased the GST and CaE activities in tadpoles. In conclusion, favipiravir, for which teratogenicity data are available in mammalian test organisms and human teratogenicity is controversial, inhibited Xenopus laevis embryo development and was teratogenic. In addition, sublethal concentrations of both drugs altered the biochemical responses in embryos and tadpoles, with differences between the developmental stages.Inonu University Research Fund [FYL-2022/2946]This study was supported by the Inonu University Research Fund (project no.: FYL-2022/2946) . The authors wish to thank the supporting institution
An Elbow Patch Reconstruction Technique for Narrowed Remnant Portal Veins during Right Lobe Living Donor Hepatectomy: A Rescue Surgery
No full textBackground: Treatment of established portal vein narrowing after living donor hepatectomy is challenging. We aimed to present a new approach termed the elbow patch reconstruction technique to correct the narrowed remnant portal vein just or late after right lobe living donor hepatectomy. Methods: Demographic and clinical data of 12 living liver donors with narrowed remnant portal veins and treated with the elbow patch reconstruction technique were prospectively collected and retrospectively evaluated. Anatomic variation of the portal vein was defined in accordance with the Nakamura classification; six of the living liver donors had type A, three had type B, and the remaining three had type C. In eight of the living liver donors with a narrowed remnant portal vein, diagnosis was detected by intraoperative Doppler ultrasonography and visual inspection by experienced transplant surgeons in the living donor hepatectomy procedure. In the remaining four living liver donors, diagnosis was performed postoperatively when elevation of liver enzymes was noticed during the routine liver function test and Doppler US. The diagnosis was confirmed by multidetector computed tomography. Results: Data from nine males and three females aged 18 to 54 years were analyzed. All of the living liver donors were followed up for a median of 1710 days (min-max: 1178-4447 days; IQR: 1516 days), and none of the living liver donors had any structural or functional complications in the portal vein. Conclusions: Narrowing remnant portal veins are rare, but they are a life-threatening complication in living liver donors, and this condition requires urgent management. Image guided interventions and narrowed segment resection with end-to-end anastomosis using a vascular graft carried a potential risk for thrombosis and restenosis. To avoid these complications, we shared a technique named elbow patch reconstruction technique. This technique can be very effective in relieving the narrowing of the remnant portal vein after right lobe living donor hepatectomy
The impact of strategic napping on peak expiratory flow and respiratory function in young elite athletes
No full textRespiratory health is a critical determinant of athletic performance, and the utilization of restorative strategies, such as strategic napping, may offer a competitive edge to athletes. This study investigates the effects of nap duration on the respiratory function of young elite athletes who have achieved top rankings national competitions. Participants engage in three test sessions with varying nap durations: no nap (N0), a 25-minute nap (N25), and a 45-minute nap (N45), with a minimum 72-hour interval between sessions. Respiratory parameters including Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, Peak Expiratory Flow rate (PEF), Forced Expiratory Flow at 25-75% of FVC (FEF25-75%), and Forced Expiratory Time (FET) are assessed. Results reveal a significant enhancement in PEF values following a 45-minute nap (N45) compared to the no-nap control (N0) [F1 - 11=7.356, p =.004, eta p2 = 0.401, (95% CI for difference: -1.56 to - 0.056)], indicating a potential positive influence of napping on maximum expiratory flow rate and, consequently, athletes' respiratory performance. While no significant changes are observed in other respiratory parameters across different nap durations, these findings underscore the potential benefits of strategic napping in optimizing respiratory health in young elite athletes
The Vatican’s Test Through Women, Gender, and Sexual Abuse in the Context of the Synod on Synodality
No full textThe Roman Catholic Church faces a number of contemporary problems that are also partly global issues. The place of women in the Church, cases of sexual abuse, and the LGBTQ+ movement are some of these current issues for which the Vatican is trying to find a basis for agreement. The 16th Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops was initiated by Pope Francis in 2021 under the theme “For a Synodal Church: Communion, Participation, and Mission.” This Synod is addressing within its scope a number of issues related to synodality, as well as solutions to the aforementioned pressing challenges. The Synod on Synodality is defined as a four-year process that ensures the participation of all the People of God. The Synod is placing particular emphasis on listening to women and those who feel excluded by the Church, and during the Synod a number of issues have stood. As anticipated, some of these issues involve women more actively participating in decision-making processes within the Church, establishing a deaconate for women, addressing the problem of sexual abuse, and welcoming LGBTQ+ individuals into the Church. This study aims to assess the issues raised in the Synod documents and to present the Vatican’s perspective and direction regarding these sensitive challenges
Use of activated carbon from oiled apricot seed waste as a super capacitor
No full textDünyamızda fosil yakıt tüketimini azaltmak ve artan enerji ihtiyacını karşılamak için farklı enerji depolama sistemleri ve yöntemlerine ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Bu yöntemlerin başında gelen aktif karbon bazlı süperkapasitörler; son yıllarda oldukça dikkatleri çekmektedir. Süperkapasitörler, enerjiyi hızlı depolamak ve aktarmak amacıyla tasarlanmış, elektrokimyasal enerji depolamada kullanılan en önemli sistemlerden biridir. Yüksek yüzey alanları ve gözenekli yapılarıyla karbon bazlı malzemelerin süperkapasitör elektrotlarında kullanımı gittikçe yaygınlaşmaktadır. Süperkapasitörlü enerji depolama sistemlerinin daha da yaygınlaşması ve geliştirilmesi, elektrotlarda aktif malzeme kullanımı olarak uygun ve düşük maliyetli, çevre dostu ve bol miktarda malzemeye ihtiyaç vardır. Bunu da doğada bol miktarda bulunan, heran ulaşılması mümkün olan ve çevre dostu biyokütleden elde edilebilir. Bu çalışmada 500°C' de karbonize edilmiş ASE1 numunesinin KOH (1:3 oranı) ile impregnasyon edilerek 800°C sıcaklıkta aktive edilmesi sonucu elde edilen ASE3 aktif karbon yapısı ve 400°C' de karbonize edilmiş ASE4 numunesinin KOH (1:3 oranı) ile impregnasyon edilerek 800°C sıcaklıkta aktive edilmesi sonucu elde edilen ASE5-T aktif karbon yapısı elde edildi. Elde edilen aktif yapılar için yapısal karakterizasyonu için XRD, FTIR, Raman, SEM-EDX, BET, element analizleri ve kül analizleri yapıldı. Sentezlenen aktif karbonların XRD sonuçları incelendiğinde hazırlanan yapılarda kristal fazın olmadığı ve yapıların amorf olduğu belirlendi. FT-IR analizinde 4 farklı aktif bölge, Raman analizinde ise 3 farklı aktif bölge tespit edildi. SEM görüntülerinde karbonizasyon sıcaklıkları arttıkça yapıda oluşan kanal, çatlak ve gözeneklerin boyutlarının değiştiği gözlemlenmiştir. Aktif karbonların döngüsel voltametri (CV), şarj-deşarj eğrileri ve kapasitans davranışları gibi elektrokimyasal davranışları incelenerek süperkapasitör yapısına uygunluğu incelendi. Bu çalışmada ASE3 ve ASE5-T malzemelerinde yer alan verilerin CV ölçümleri sonucunda elde edilen grafiklerin eğrileri, süperkapasitör tipi cihazların oluşumunu desteklemektedir. Kapasitör haline getirilen katot malzemelerinin farklı tarama hızlarında 500 devirlik kapasite değeri ölçülerek; 5mVs-1'deki kapasite değerleri incelendiğinde ASE3 numunesinin kapasite değeri 136 F/g olarak elde edilmiş ve en yüksek değer olarak kaydedilmiştir. ASE5-T numune asidi olan bu değer 75,5 F/g olarak belirlendi.Different energy storage systems and methods have been needed to reduce fossil fuel consumption and meet the increasing energy demand in our world. Activated carbon-based supercapacitors, one of the most important of these methods, have attracted considerable attention in recent years. Supercapacitors are one of the most important systems used in electrochemical energy storage, designed to store and transfer energy rapidly. The use of carbon-based materials with their high surface areas and porous structures in supercapacitor electrodes is becoming increasingly common. For the further expansion and development of supercapacitor energy storage systems, there is a need for suitable, low-cost, environmentally friendly and abundant materials as active materials for electrodes. This can be obtained from biomass, which is abundant in nature, readily available and environmentally friendly. In this study, ASE3 activated carbon structure obtained by impregnating ASE1 sample carbonized at 500°C with KOH (1:3 ratio) and activated at 800°C and ASE5-T activated carbon structure obtained by impregnating ASE4 sample carbonized at 400°C with KOH (1:3 ratio) and activated at 800°C were obtained. XRD, FTIR, Raman, SEM-EDX, BET, elemental analysis and ash analysis were performed for the structural characterization of the obtained active structures. When the XRD results of the synthesized activated carbons were examined, it was determined that there was no crystalline phase in the prepared structures and the structures were amorphous. FT-IR analysis revealed 4 different active sites and Raman analysis revealed 3 different active sites. In SEM images, it was observed that the dimensions of the channels, cracks and pores formed in the structure changed as the carbonization temperatures increased. Elemental analysis showed that the increase in temperature caused an increase in carbon content. The electrochemical behaviors of activated carbons such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), charge-discharge curves and capacitance behaviors were investigated and their suitability for supercapacitor structure was examined. In this study, the curves of the graphs obtained as a result of CV measurements of the data in ASE3 and ASE5-T materials support the formation of supercapacitor type devices. By measuring the capacity value of 500 cycles at different scan rates of the cathode materials turned into capacitors; When the capacity values at 5mV/s were examined, the capacity value of the ASE3 sample was obtained as 136 F/g and recorded as the highest value. In ASE5-T sample, this value was determined as 75.5 F/g
Preparation of polymeric ionic liquid/montmorillonite nanocomposite and investigation of its thermal and gas adsorbing properties
No full textPolimerik iyonik sıvılar, polielektrolitlerin bir alt sınıfı olan ve iyonik sıvı (IL) özelliği taşıyan monomerlerin bir polimer ana zincir üzerinde tekrarlanmasıyla oluşan makromoleküllerdir. Bu tez kapsamında, doğal kaynaklardan sağlanan montmorillonit sedimantasyon yöntemi ile saflaştırıldı. Polimerik iyonik sıvılar N-vinil imidazol ve 2-bromo etil metakrilattan sentezlendi. Poli iyonik sıvıların montmorillonit ile nanokompozitleri hazırlandı, montmorillonitin ve nanokompozitlerin CO2 gazını tutma özellikleri araştırıldı. İyonik sıvı-montmorillonit nankonpozitlerin CO2'i tutma özelliği saf montmorillonitinkinden daha yüksek olduğu bulundu. Çalışmalarda gerekli analiz ve karakterizasyonlar FT-IR, SEM, XRD, DTA ve TGA ile yapıldı.Polymeric ionic liquids are macromolecules, a subclass of polyelectrolytes formed by repeating monomers with ionic liquid (IL) properties on a polymer main chain. Within the scope of this thesis, montmorillonite obtained from natural sources was purified by sedimentation method. Polymeric ionic liquids were synthesized from N-vinyl imidazole and 2-bromo ethyl methacrylate. Nanocomposites of polyionic liquids with montmorillonite were prepared, and the CO2 gas retention properties of montmorillonite and nanocomposites were investigated. It was found that the ability of ionic liquid-montmorillonite nanocomposites to retain CO2 was higher than pure montmorillonite. The necessary analyses and characterizations in the studies were performed using FT-IR, SEM, XRD, DTA and TGA
Asprosin improved neuronal survival by suppressing apoptosis and enhancing the activity of the autophagy pathway in the MCAO model in rats
No full textOBJECTIVE: Cerebral ischemia (CI) is a condition in which metabolic stress increases when blood flow is interrupted in a part of the brain, resulting in oxygen and glucose deprivation. It is known that asprosin (Asp), secreted from adipose tissue during fasting, has an effect on some metabolic processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, and glucose metabolism. This study aimed to explain which of the cell death/survival Asp induces in the CI/reperfusion model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the study, 48 male Wistar Albino rats were divided into 6 groups: Sham, CI, Asp+CI, CI+Asp, CI+Asp+3-MA, and Asp+CI+3-MA (n=48). CI was created using the intraluminal filament technique for 60 minutes, autophagy inhibitor 3-MA (15 mg/kg/ day) and Asp (1 µg/kg/day) injections were administered 3 days before or 3 days during reperfusion. Beclin-1, ATG5, ATG7, p62, Bcl-2, Bax, active-caspase-3, and active-caspase-9 protein levels from brain tissues were determined by the Western-Blot method. The infarct area was determined by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The Kruskal-Wallis’ test was used to compare differences between groups. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Compared to the Sham group, the increase in ischemic area and the decrease in Beclin-1, ATG-5, ATG-7, Bcl-2, Bax, active-caspase-3 and active-caspase-9 levels in the CI groups are statistically significant (p<0.05). The increase of Beclin-1, ATG-7, Bcl-2, and Bax levels in the Asp groups is statistically significant compared to the CI group (p<0.05). When Asp+CI groups and CI+Asp groups are compared, an increase in Beclin-1 levels in the Asp+CI group and the increase in Bcl-2, Bax, active-caspase-3/9 and ATG-5 levels in the CI+Asp groups are statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Asp has protective and therapeutic effects against CI/R damage. While applying Asp before ischemia activates the autophagy pathway more, applying it after ischemia protects the neuronal death/survival balance by activating the apoptosis pathway more. © 2024 Verduci Editore s.r.l. All rights reserved.Inönü Üniversitesi: TSG-2021-2726This research was funded by “The Research Support Unıt of Inonu University”, Project No.: TSG-2021-2726
Risk of dementia and its impact on successfull aging among over 65 year old individiuals
No full textAmaç: Araştırma 65 yaş üstü bireylerde demans riski ve başarılı yaşlanmaya etkisini saptamak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Araştırma kesitsel olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni, Malatya ili Doğanşehir ilçesinde bulunan Mehmet Küçük Aile Sağlığı Merkezi'ne kayıtlı 3525 yaşlı birey oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın örneklemi ise, güç analizi ile 513 yaşlı birey olarak belirlenmiş ve araştırma 516 yaşlı birey ile tamamlanmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Standardize Mini Mental Test ve Başarılı Yaşlanma Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler; hafta içi mesai saatleri içerisinde Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerine başvuran yaşlılara, yüz yüze görüşme tekniğiyle toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, Cronbach's ? güvenirlik katsayısı, regresyon analizi ve lojistik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yaşlı bireylerin Standardize Mini Mental Test puan ortalaması 20.56±4.61, başarılı yaşlanma puan ortalaması 25.02±9.08 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Standardize Mini Mental Test puanı, Standardize Mini Mental Test grup puanı, fiziksel aktivite, gelir durumu ve sağlığı algılama şeklinin bireyin başarılı yaşlanmasında önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bağımsız değişkenlerden eğitim durumu, demas bilgi düzeyi, sağlığı algılama ve aile öyküsünde demans hastalığının varlığının Standardize Mini Mental Test grup üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Araştırmada Standardize Mini Mental Test grup puanı arttıkça başarılı yaşlanma puanının arttığı ve başarılı yaşlanmanın olumlu etkilendiği tespit edilmiştir. Standardize Mini Mental Test puanı ile başarılı yaşlanma arasında negatif yönde önemli etki tespit edilmiştir. Standardize Mini Mental Test puanı arttıkça bireyin demans riski azalmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Başarılı yaşlanma, demans, yaşlılıkAim: The study was conducted to determine the risk of dementia and its effect on successful aging in individuals over 65 years of age. Material and Method: The study was cross-sectional. The population of the study consisted of 3525 elderly individuals registered to Mehmet Küçük Family Health Center in Doğanşehir, Malatya. The sample of the study was determined as 513 elderly individuals by power analysis and the study was completed with 516 elderly individuals. Personal Information Form, Standardized Mini Mental Test and Successful Aging Scale were used to collect the data. Data were collected by face-to-face interview technique for individuals who came to Family Health Centers during working hours on 5 working days of the week. Number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Cronbach's ? reliability coefficient, regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the data. Results: The mean Standardized Mini Mental Test score of elderly individuals was 20.56±4.61 and the mean score of successful aging was 25.02±9.08. It was determined that Standardized Mini Mental Test score, Standardized Mini Mental Test group score, physical activity, income status and health perception had a significant effect on successful aging. Among the independent variables, education level, level of knowledge about dementia, health perception and family history of dementia were found to have a significant effect on the Standardized Mini Mental Test group. Conclusion: In the study, it was determined that as the Standardized Mini Mental Test group score increased, the successful aging score increased and successful aging was positively affected. A significant negative effect was found between the Standardized Mini Mental Test score and successful aging. As the Standardized Mini Mental Test score increases, the risk of dementia decreases. Keywords: Successful aging, dementia, old ag
Cost and duration estimation of autonomous grading algorithm by simulation
No full textEstimation of cost and duration of grading a particular area provides important information for contractors and construction machine manufacturers. In this study, cost and duration of excavation by dozer is estimated by simulating the movements of the dozer. Specifications of the dozer, soil conditions and site conditions are defined to the simulator. The simulation considers tire penetration, rolling, grade, hauling, as well as cutting resistances and estimates the necessary force to be applied. The simulation implements an autonomous grading algorithm established for electric powered dozers which starts grading from a local highest point to prevent uphill excavation and hauling. The algorithm determines the necessary maneuvers to reach local highest point, excavate or haul the earth pile to the dump area. The simulation runs until the objected elevation is obtained at each portion of the excavation site. The simulator calculates the consumed energy, time, and total cost of the excavation. The excavations of 30x45 square meter area by one existing electric dozer and five updated versions of it are simulated. The simulation of the excavation is computed in 23 seconds for the smallest and 10 seconds for the largest dozer. The cost of grading and pushing the excavated material at most 20 meters away is estimated as less than 5 cents/m3 for the lead-acid battery powered dozer and 8 cents/m3 in the average for the lithium-ion battery powered dozers. The simulation revealed that electric powered dozers have less unit excavation cost than diesel powered ones, also larger dozers consumes less energy than the smaller ones. The developed simulation technique is implemented without any numerical errors and the technique can be beneficial for the construction machine manufacturers to optimize their designs and for the contractors to select the most suitable construction machine among the present alternatives.TUBITAK [110M396]This study is granted by TUBITAK with the grant no 110M396