97828 research outputs found
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Diseño de una propuesta para el desarrollo de la competencia digital docente en profesorado universitario. Una investigación basada en el diseño educativo.
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalLa competencia digital docente (CDD) es un elemento clave para responder a las exigencias de un contexto universitario marcado profundamente por la digitalización. A pesar de esta relevancia los esfuerzos institucionales aún suelen ser insuficientes y poco conectados con la práctica docente real. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo el diseño y validación de una estrategia institucional para desarrollar la CDD. El estudio fue realizado en una universidad española, utilizando la metodología de investigación basada en el diseño educativo con un enfoque iterativo y participativo, integrando a diferentes grupos de interés. Las contribuciones de este trabajo incluyen una serie de recomendaciones para el desarrollo de la CDD, implementadas y validadas en el contexto real de una universidad. Destacan aspectos como la conexión de las estrategias institucionales con la práctica docente, la construcción del metalenguaje o el uso de marcos comunes, ofreciendo una serie de principios de diseño extrapolables a contextos similares.Digital teaching competence (DTC) is a key element in responding to the demands of a university context deeply marked by digitalisation. Despite its importance, institutional efforts are still often insufficient and poorly connected to actual teaching practice. This research aims to design and validate an institutional strategy for developing DTC. The study was conducted at a Spanish university, using educational design-based research methodology with an iterative and participatory approach, integrating different interest groups. The contributions of this work include a series of recommendations for the development of DTC, implemented and validated in the real context of a university. Highlights include aspects such as the connection between institutional strategies and teaching practice, the construction of metalanguage and the use of common frameworks, offering a series of design principles that can be extrapolated to similar contexts.Programa de Doctorat en Educaci
Emotional reasoning as a transdiagnostic process in patients with public speaking anxiety. Evaluation and design of a psychological intervention.
No full textDoctorat internacionalThe transdiagnostic perspective suggests that psychological disorders may share underlying processes. Harvey’s model identifies Emotional Reasoning (ER) as one such mechanism, whereby emotions are used to judge reality, leading individuals to equate anxiety with danger. This study examined ER in Public Speaking Anxiety (PSA), a prevalent condition. A systematic review revealed evidence of ER biases in anxiety disorders, though not in depression. Subsequently, the Emotional Reasoning Public Speaking Anxiety Scale (ERPSAS) was developed and validated with a Spanish sample, demonstrating strong reliability. Findings showed that individuals with PSA judged anxious scenarios as more dangerous than objectively threatening ones, confirming the presence of ER bias. Additionally, a self-administered online intervention, HablaRÉ, was created to reduce ER bias. A feasibility study indicated high usability, satisfaction, and adherence (94%), alongside preliminary improvements in ER and PSA symptoms. These findings support the role of ER in PSA and provide novel tools for assessment and intervention.Programa de Doctorat en Psicologi
Formación y continuidad de la imagen: la construcción de los imaginarios de Malinche y Pocahontas (s. XVI-XIX)
No full textDoctorat internacionalEl estudio analiza cómo la continuidad y variación de elementos visuales y literarios desarrollados entre los siglos XVI y XIX consolidaron el estereotipo de la "indígena colaboracionista", representado por Malinche y Pocahontas. Desde un enfoque iconológico, se examina cómo ambas figuras fueron construidas simbólicamente bajo un ideario eurocéntrico. Más allá de su papel histórico, la investigación estudia sus imágenes como representaciones fronterizas y transformadoras que legitimaron un modelo hegemónico y proyectaron sobre el cuerpo femenino los ideales y temores de la cultura dominante. El análisis abarca desde códices y grabados hasta obras decimonónicas, revelando cómo el arte actuó a modo de dispositivo ideológico. La tesis, dividida en dos tomos, propone una lectura crítica que entiende las imágenes como procesos vivos de reinterpretación, evidenciando las tensiones entre poder, género y alteridad en la construcción simbólica de ambas figuras.The study examines how the continuity and variation of visual and literary elements developed between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries consolidated the stereotype of the "collaborationist Indigenous woman", embodied by Malinche and Pocahontas. From an iconological perspective, it explores the ways in which both figures were symbolically constructed within a Eurocentric framework. Beyond their historical roles, the research emphasizes their images as liminal and transformative representations that legitimized a hegemonic model and projected the dominant culture’s ideals and anxieties onto the female body. The analysis spans materials ranging from codices and engravings to nineteenth-century works, revealing how art functioned as an ideological device aimed at exposing the tensions between power, gender, and alterity.Programa de Doctorat en Història de l'Ar
Influencia de las variables de proceso sobre las tonalidades en baldosas decoradas por inkjet
No full textLas diferencias de tono entre piezas de un mismo modelo es uno de los principales problemas a los que deben hacer frente los fabricantes de baldosas cerámicas decoradas. Con la implementación de la tecnología inkjet, esta problemática se ha acentuado. Ello está relacionado, por un lado, con el pequeño tamaño de partícula de los pigmentos empleados y, por otro, con la escasa cantidad de tinta depositada con los cabezales de impresión. A pesar de ello, los estudios llevados a cabo para conocer las causas de esta variabilidad de tono son escasos. En este trabajo se ha evaluado la influencia que distintas variables del proceso de fabricación de baldosas cerámicas decoradas por inkjet tienen sobre la aparición de tonos. El conocimiento generado ha permitido identificar las variables del proceso sobre las que deben focalizarse las medidas de control y/o correctoras para minimizar la aparición de este problema en la producción industrial.Shade variations between pieces of the same model are one of the main problems faced by manufacturers of decorated ceramic tiles. With the implementation of inkjet technology, this issue has become more pronounced. This is related, on the one hand, to the small particle size of the pigments used and, on the other, to the limited amount of ink deposited by the printheads. Despite this, studies aimed at understanding the causes of such shade variability are scarce. In this work, the influence of various process variables in the production of inkjet-decorated ceramic tiles on the appearance of shade differences has been evaluated. The knowledge gained has made it possible to identify the process variables on which control and/or corrective measures should be focused in order to minimise the appearance of this problem in industrial production.Programa de Doctorat en Tecnologies Industrials i Material
Exploring the dark side of engagement: hidden costs to job satisfaction and well-being
No full textThis thesis examines the less explored side of employee engagement, particularly how it relates to emotional labor, stress, and job satisfaction. While engagement is often seen as positive, the research shows that it can also have unintended negative effects on employee well-being. By investigating these connections in depth, the study sheds light on how emotional demands at work may influence the experience of engagement and its outcomes. The findings offer useful insights for both scholars and practitioners, highlighting the need for a more balanced approach when promoting engagement in the workplace. This research aims to open up new directions for understanding and managing engagement in a way that supports both performance and employee health.Programa de Doctorat en Economia i Empres
Vigor-inducing effects of dopamine transport (DAT) blockers: studies using different types of behavioral activation and effort-based decision-making tasks in rodents.
No full textDoctorat internacionalDopamine transporter (DAT) blockers increase dopamine (DA) availability by inhibiting reuptake, enhancing dopaminergic activity, and are being explored as treatments for motivational deficits in psychiatric and neurological conditions. The mesolimbic DA system, particularly the ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens pathway, regulates motivation and effort-based decision-making. Dysfunction in this pathway is linked to symptoms like anergia and fatigue, common in depression, which often resist treatment. This thesis focuses on developing and validating mice models to study effort-related behaviors and test novel DAT blockers. Chapter 1 explores decision-making under varying reinforcer and effort conditions, adapting rat paradigms for mice. Chapter 2 validates these models using bupropion and examines the role of CDNF in motivation. Chapter 3 assesses new DAT inhibitors (CE-123, CE-158, MK-26) compared to modafinil and cocaine, analyzing their effects on anxiety and locomotion. These findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential of DAT blockers for addressing motivational dysfunctions.Programa de Doctorat en Ciències Biomèdiques i Salu
Analysis, development and experimental evaluation of ultra-low temperature cascade refrigeration systems with natural refrigerants
No full textDoctorat internacionalRefrigeration is essential for preserving sensitive products by maintaining temperatures below ambient. Vapor compression cycles are the standard method, but their efficiency drops as the temperature lift increases. Ultra-low temperature (ULT) applications, such as vaccine or biomedical storage, require significant temperature differences, making conventional systems inefficient and environmentally harmful. This thesis proposes a more sustainable solution using a cascade vapor compression cycle with natural refrigerants R290 (propane) and R170 (ethane). A detailed theoretical analysis identifies critical points, particularly at the expansion valve inlet, addressed by incorporating an interstage heat exchanger. An experimental prototype confirms the theoretical results, achieving COP improvements of up to 40 % at −70 °C and 20 % at −80 °C compared to the R404A/R23 baseline. The natural refrigerant pair also delivers greater cooling capacity with a lower mass flow rate and reduces CO₂-equivalent emissions by 37 %. These findings highlight the technical and environmental potential of natural refrigerants in ULT systems.Programa de Doctorat en Tecnologies Industrials i Material
Adherencia a la Dieta Mediterránea en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 y su relación con las complicaciones en el pie.
No full textCompendi d'articlesEl objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la relación entre la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea y las complicaciones del pie en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). En un estudio transversal realizado con 174 pacientes, se observó que una mayor adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (puntuación MEDAS-14 ≥ 9) se asocia con una menor presencia de neuropatía periférica diabética (NPD), úlceras en el pie diabético, alteraciones del índice tobillo-brazo (ITB), así como una menor frecuencia de claudicación intermitente y pulsos distales ausentes. Factores como el sexo masculino y una mayor edad se vincularon con una peor adherencia a la dieta, mientras que una mayor duración de la DM2 y una edad más avanzada al momento del diagnóstico se asociaron con una mejor adherencia. Estos hallazgos destacan el potencial de la dieta mediterránea como una estrategia dietética efectiva para reducir complicaciones en pacientes con DM2.This thesis analyzes adherence to the Mediterranean diet in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its relationship with foot complications, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, and diabetic foot ulcers. Through observational studies, the influence of dietary habits on the development of these complications was assessed, identifying significant associations between low dietary adherence and a higher incidence of related pathologies. The findings underscore the importance of a Mediterranean dietary pattern as a preventive strategy and a means of improving prognosis in individuals with type 2 diabetes. This research reinforces the role of diet in the comprehensive management of diabetic foot and provides valuable evidence for clinical practice and the design of nutritional therapeutic interventions.Programa de Doctorat en Ciències de la Infermeri
The role of PRLIP2 in the defence and growth of Arabidopsis Insertional mutagenesis of PRLIP2 gene alters hormone balance and defence responses in Arabidopsis
No full textPreviously, our group identified a novel gene family responsible for encoding pathogenesis-related lipase-like proteins (PRLIPs) through a differential screening process involving Arabidopsis plants that were pre-treated with the resistance-inducing compound β-aminobutyric acid (BABA). In the present study we have characterized two independent mutant lines of Arabidopsis possessing T-DNA insertion in their PRLIP2 gene. Both prlip2 mutant lines displayed enhanced susceptibility to the virulent hemibiotrophic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. DC3000 and were incapable of expressing BABA-induced resistance. This increased susceptibility was associated with a reduced expression of the PTI marker genes FRK1 (FLG22-INDUCED RECEPTOR KINASE1) and NHL10 (NDR1/HIN1-like 10) and a low expression of PR1 (PATHOGENESIS-RELATED PROTEIN 1), a marker gene for salicylic acid (SA) signalling. In contrast, the jasmonic acid (JA)/ethylene (ET) signalling pathway was up-regulated in the mutants. In addition, the mutation in the PRLIP2 gene resulted in increased plant growth and augmented auxin content. Furthermore, the elevated auxin levels in the mutant lines might counteract the SA responses, consequently up-regulating jasmonic acid (JA) signalling in these mutants. While the significant role of PRLIP2 as a negative regulator of auxin in plant defence responses has been clearly demonstrated, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, which leads to divergent hormonal balance, remain incompletely elucidated
Revisión teórica de la asignatura BI2207 - Evolución y biodiversidad biológica (BIOLOGÍA)
No full textResumen de los temas clave abordados en clase a los estudiantes de la asignatura de BI2207 - Evolución y Biodiversidad Biológica (Biología) del grado en Bioquímica y Biología molecular de la Universitat Jaume