97828 research outputs found
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Educar para la Paz y para la Justicia Social: Deconstrucción de las Violencias y Desigualdades del Sistema Educativo
No full textEl presente artículo aborda la deconstrucción de las violencias y desigualdades que el sistema educativo reproduce como subsistema social. Estas violencias siguiendo la clasificación de Galtung (1985) se dividen en directas (etiquetas, gritos, amenazas, insultos), estructurales (jerarquías, abusos de poder, homogeneización, verticalidad, normatividad, desigualdades, exclusión) y culturales (prejuicios, estereotipos, reproducción de roles de género, racismo, xenofobia). Ya entrados en el S. XXI se requiere visibilizar estas violencias para deconstruirlas y poder reconstruir otras prácticas educativas que contribuyan a la paz y a la justicia social. Con esta finalidad, retomo las propuestas de Freire y de Reardon, dos pedagogos de referencia internacional que nos dejaron un legado importante en materia de paz y justicia social. Este abordaje se realiza en diálogo con el enfoque de Educación para la Paz Reconstructivo-Empoderador (enfoque REM) que de base la Filosofía para la Paz propuesta por Martínez Guzmán (2001, 2005). Filosofía centrada en las capacidades y competencias humanas que tenemos como seres humanos para mitigar el sufrimiento y hacer las paces desde nuestra cotidianidad a través del empoderamiento, del reconocimiento y de la interpelación mutua
A descriptive analysis of cultural references in the Spanish subtitling and dubbing of Indian cinema
No full textThis doctoral thesis adopts the research framework of Descriptive Translation Studies to conduct an empirical, bottom-up analysis of Indian cultural references in translation. It is based on a corpus of 14 Indian feature films originally in Bengali, Hindi and English with subtitled and dubbed versions in Spanish. It thus presents an in-depth quantitative and qualitative analysis of coupled pairs of cultural references, examining their various types and the corresponding translation solutions detected. The main research tool consists of an Excel spreadsheet comprising a total of 836 cultural references. The study has a dual objective: firstly, to find out what types of cultural references may be detected in the chosen Indian films and their translated versions, and secondly, to examine the translation solutions adopted in the subtitled and dubbed versions of these references, with the final goal of extrapolating translation norms, or at least, conventions.Programa de Doctorat en Llengües Aplicades, Literatura i Traducci
Virtual Reality as an Adjuvant Treatment for Acute Pain During an Interventional Process with Capsaicin: A Feasibility Study
No full textBackground/Objectives: This feasibility study explores the use of virtual reality (VR) as an adjunct therapy during capsaicin administration for individuals with chronic neuropathic pain. Chronic neuropathic pain poses significant management challenges due to its complex biopsychosocial nature. This study aimed to assess the acceptability, usability, and preliminary effectiveness of VR in reducing pain, anxiety, aversiveness, and rumination during painful procedures. Methods: A total of 24 patients participated in the study and received either capsaicin treatment with VR (n = 12) or treatment as usual (n = 12). The VR group engaged with “SnowWorld”, an immersive, interactive environment designed to promote distraction and relaxation. Outcomes including pain (average and worst), aversiveness, rumination, and anxiety, were assessed via 11-point scales. Results: Participants in the VR condition reported significantly lower scores for worst pain (2.83 vs. 6.33), average pain (2.08 vs. 5.42), aversiveness (1.50 vs. 6.08), rumination (1.17 vs. 5.75), and anxiety (0.83 vs. 5.17) compared to the controls (all p < 0.001). Participants reported high satisfaction regarding the VR experience, noting its immersive nature and ease of use. The qualitative feedback highlighted the VR’s ability to foster relaxation and distraction during capsaicin administration. Conclusions: These findings support the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of VR as an adjunctive tool for acute pain management during capsaicin treatment. Further studies with larger samples are warranted to confirm these effects and explore long-term outcomes
Tin-based perovskites for optoelectronic applications
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalGiven the need for sustainable energy alternatives and the environmental impact of fossil fuels, this thesis explores tin-based halide perovskites (Sn-HPs) as an eco-friendly option compared to the traditional lead-based perovskites materials in solar cells and LEDs. This thesis tackles the main challenges limiting Sn-HPs, such as instability and oxidation, through three innovative studies. First, the use of additives like DipI and NaBH₄ significantly improves solar cell efficiency and long-term stability. Second, inkjet printing technology is applied to create lead-free, flexible PeLEDs, demonstrating scalable and industrially relevant fabrication methods. Third, a low-cost synthesis of 2D and 3D Sn-HPs microcrystals using acetic acid enhances stability and performance in light-emitting devices, with emissions from orange to near-infrared. These advances contribute to more durable, efficient, and scalable Sn-HPs technologies, bringing us closer to greener solutions in renewable energy and optoelectronics.Programa de Doctorat en Cièncie
Novel neutral and ionic metal-organic frameworks for sustainable catalytic processes
No full textThis thesis explores new strategies for designing and enhancing the chemical reactivity of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to convert waste into valuable chemical products. MOFs were synthesized in combination with 3D-printed polymers and ionic liquids, forming composite materials with improved catalytic performance due to the high dispersion of active sites. Functionalization was achieved by anchoring amino acids to the MOFs, creating multifunctional materials under mild, environmentally friendly conditions using non-toxic, abundant metals and bio-based ligands. Various synthesis methods based on classical, solvent-assisted, and rapid green, onepot approaches were used to develop and characterize these materials. The resulting MOFs were effective in reactions relevant to waste valorization, such as CO₂ fixation and carbonyl activation, operating under mild conditions without additives. The materials demonstrated superior activity, stability, and reusability, aligning with principles of green and circular chemistry, and contributing to the development of advanced heterogeneous catalysts for sustainable chemical processes.Programa de Doctorat en Química Sostenibl
A Comprehensive Approach to Language-Related Episodes (LREs) in English-Medium Instruction: Typology, Multimodal Nature, and Lecturers’ Beliefs
No full textDoctorat internacionalThis study explores the use of Language-Related Episodes (LREs) in English-Medium Instruction (EMI) settings: spontaneous moments when attention shifts from content to language. Through a case study of two lecturers in Mechanical Engineering and Business Management at a Spanish university, it draws on audiovisual recordings and interview data. The study explores the LREs’ typologies, multimodal features, and the lecturers’ beliefs on their practices. Findings indicate that LREs are scarce and call for new categories in the classification of LREs, emphasizing their collaborative and context-specific nature. A multimodal lens highlights the significant role of gestures, gaze, and visuals in reinforcing meaning, while lecturers, however, showed partial awareness of their use of multimodality. The study highlights LREs’ potential to address language barriers, improve communication, and support students’ academic and linguistic development in EMI contexts, and thus, advocates for integrating LRE into EMI teacher training to foster alignment between language and content.Programa de Doctorat en Llengües Aplicades, Literatura i Traducci
Does building height influence bird diversity in urban landscapes?
No full textContext
Urbanization impacts biodiversity through changes in horizontal and vertical structures. While impervious cover is well-studied, the role of building height remains underexplored at a broad scale.
Objectives
This study aimed (1) to assess whether building height differed statistically from impervious cover and NDVI in explaining bird diversity in cities, and (2) to assess the impacts of building height in conjunction with seven predictor variables: impervious cover, bare, trees, grass, water, shrub and scrub and NDVI.
Methods
We combined land cover data with an open-access building footprints data. We analyzed over 1 million eBird checklists from 298 cities in the United States. For objective one seven models were evaluated for each city (1) building height, (2) impervious cover, (3) NDVI, (4) building height and impervious cover, (5) building height and NDVI, (6) impervious Cover and NDVI, and (7) building height, impervious Cover and NDVI. For objective two we use model 7 and the rest of the predictor variables to assess the impact of building height. For both objectives, we compared model results by ecoregion.
Results
Building height, impervious cover, and NDVI were the best single predictors of bird species richness in 10.7%, 10.4%, and 12.4% of cities, respectively. However, the combined model including all three variables performed best in 25.8% of cities, underscoring the complementary influence of vertical and horizontal urban structures in cities. Species richness was positively related to shrub/scrub and water cover, highlighting the importance of these habitats for urban biodiversity.
Conclusions
Our research advances landscape ecology by incorporating vertical urban structure into biodiversity models, providing new insights into the multidimensional impacts of urbanization on bird communities. Findings underscore the need for context-specific strategies integrating green infrastructure to promote avian diversity in cities.Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Jaume
Anatomía de un “sarampión travesti”. La categoría de transexualidad y las representaciones de mujeres trans en el discurso social de la Transición española
No full textDoctorat internacionalEl presente trabajo estudia la recepción de la categoría de transexualidad y las representaciones de mujeres trans en el discurso social de la Transición en español y catalán, un periodo en el que se dio una presencia masiva de estas identidades en lo que hemos calificado como el "sarampión travesti”. Desde la óptica de los estudios culturales y los estudios de género —más concretamente, los estudios trans—, nos centramos en analizar una serie de objetos culturales de carácter endógeno y exógeno que, entre 1976 y 1983, tematizaron la experiencia trans y en los que existe un diálogo explícito con la entonces “nueva” categoría médica. El trabajo concluye que su recepción en España se produjo en unas condiciones muy particulares, alejada generalmente de la institución médica en la que había nacido en otros contextos nacionales, lo que propició su transformación y, en consecuencia, una mayor ductilidad como término de identificación.This doctoral dissertation studies the reception of the category of transsexuality and the representations of trans women in the social discourse in Spanish and Catalan during the Transition period. This was a crucial time, as it marked the first mass presence of these identities in what we have termed the ‘sarampión travesti.’ From the perspective of cultural studies and gender studies –and more specifically, trans studies – it focuses on analysing a series of cultural objects -novels, films and newspapers-, both endogenous and exogenous, that between 1976 and 1983 addressed the trans experience in that period and explicitly engaged with the then “new” medical category. The thesis concludes that the reception of the medical category in Spain occurred under very particular conditions, generally removed from the medical institution where it had originated in other national contexts.Programa de Doctorat en Llengües Aplicades, Literatura i Traducci
Análisis de la cultura de seguridad del paciente en un hospital de alta complejidad en Chile
No full textCompendi d'articlesObjetivo. Analizar la cultura de la seguridad del paciente en un hospital de alta complejidad de Chile. Estudio I. Traducción y adaptación cultural cuestionario HSOPS 2.0, análisis de validez y confiabilidad con muestra 259 profesionales enfermería. Versión adaptada con excelente validez de contenido y con análisis factorial se propuso un modelo con 7 dimensiones y 23 preguntas. Estudio II. Estudio transversal, cuantitativo, aplicando HSOPS 2.0 adaptado a Chile. Se recolectaron datos 259 enfermeros y técnicos en enfermería, muestreo por conveniencia. Dimensión mejor evaluada: comunicación y receptividad y la peor: apoyo administrativo a la seguridad del paciente. Estudio III. Caso práctico, derivado de validación HSOPS 2.0 Chile, muestra 12 enfermeras expertas en calidad y seguridad del paciente. Se compararon cinco técnicas: Lawshe, Lawshe-Tristán, Lynn, Polit & Beck y Hernández Nieto. Método de Polit & Beck riguroso y mejor justificado matemáticamente, se recomienda Hernández Nieto para validar múltiples características.Objective: To analyze the patient safety culture in a high-complexity hospital in Chile. Study I: Translation and cultural adaptation of the HSOPS 2.0 questionnaire, including validity and reliability analysis. An adapted version with excellent content validity and favorable factor analysis results was developed. A model with 7 dimensions and 23 questions was proposed. Study II: A cross-sectional, quantitative study applying the HSOPS 2.0 Chile questionnaire. Convenience sampling was used to include 259 nurses and nursing technicians. The highest-rated dimension was communication and receptivity, while the lowest was administrative support for patient safety. Study III: A case study derived from validating the HSOPS 2.0 Chile questionnaire, using a sample of 12 nurses specializing in quality and patient safety. Five techniques were compared. The Polit & Beck method was found to be the most rigorous and mathematically well-justified. The Hernández Nieto method is recommended for validating multiple characteristics.Programa de Doctorat en Ciències de la Infermeri
Adherencia a la Dieta Mediterránea en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 y su relación con las complicaciones en el pie.
No full textCompendi d'articlesEl objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la relación entre la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea y las complicaciones del pie en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). En un estudio transversal realizado con 174 pacientes, se observó que una mayor adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (puntuación MEDAS-14 ≥ 9) se asocia con una menor presencia de neuropatía periférica diabética (NPD), úlceras en el pie diabético, alteraciones del índice tobillo-brazo (ITB), así como una menor frecuencia de claudicación intermitente y pulsos distales ausentes. Factores como el sexo masculino y una mayor edad se vincularon con una peor adherencia a la dieta, mientras que una mayor duración de la DM2 y una edad más avanzada al momento del diagnóstico se asociaron con una mejor adherencia. Estos hallazgos destacan el potencial de la dieta mediterránea como una estrategia dietética efectiva para reducir complicaciones en pacientes con DM2.This thesis analyzes adherence to the Mediterranean diet in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its relationship with foot complications, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, and diabetic foot ulcers. Through observational studies, the influence of dietary habits on the development of these complications was assessed, identifying significant associations between low dietary adherence and a higher incidence of related pathologies. The findings underscore the importance of a Mediterranean dietary pattern as a preventive strategy and a means of improving prognosis in individuals with type 2 diabetes. This research reinforces the role of diet in the comprehensive management of diabetic foot and provides valuable evidence for clinical practice and the design of nutritional therapeutic interventions.Programa de Doctorat en Ciències de la Infermeri