97828 research outputs found
Sort by
Gustave Doré y la visión romántica de las Cruzadas (1875)
No full textUna de las construcciones visuales más hermosas e influyentes de entre las que representaron artísticamente la epopeya de las cruzadas en el siglo XIX la constituye la serie de cien ilustraciones que sobre ellas realizó Gustave Doré (1832-1883), publicada en 1877. Las ilustraciones de Histoire des Croisades trasladan el mundo feudal de los caballeros britanos y francos al oriente exótico. De Camelot y Roncesvalles a Jerusalén
Advanced Flow platforms for Sustainable Processes
No full textCompendi d'articlesThe present doctoral thesis is focused on the digitalisation of chemical syntheses in the context of sustainable chemistry. This is applied to different processes, previously described in batch, with their transition into digital flow platforms for an overall improvement of process sustainability, with enhanced yield and more efficient use of resources. In that sense, different cases of study are tackled with the digital design of reactor geometries, their production onsite via additive manufacturing and the development of the corresponding digital flow platforms. The works can be divided in two thematic areas. In the first one, new more sustainable chemical synthesis routes are pursued, with strategies like the use of flow electrochemical reactors or carbon dioxide as a feedstock. In the second one, a flow platform for the reproducible synthesis of perovskite single crystals is developed, with improvements in material properties and the possibility of producing combined material crystals.Programa de Doctorat en Química Sostenibl
Novel neutral and ionic metal-organic frameworks for sustainable catalytic processes
No full textThis thesis explores new strategies for designing and enhancing the chemical reactivity of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to convert waste into valuable chemical products. MOFs were synthesized in combination with 3D-printed polymers and ionic liquids, forming composite materials with improved catalytic performance due to the high dispersion of active sites. Functionalization was achieved by anchoring amino acids to the MOFs, creating multifunctional materials under mild, environmentally friendly conditions using non-toxic, abundant metals and bio-based ligands. Various synthesis methods based on classical, solvent-assisted, and rapid green, onepot approaches were used to develop and characterize these materials. The resulting MOFs were effective in reactions relevant to waste valorization, such as CO₂ fixation and carbonyl activation, operating under mild conditions without additives. The materials demonstrated superior activity, stability, and reusability, aligning with principles of green and circular chemistry, and contributing to the development of advanced heterogeneous catalysts for sustainable chemical processes.Programa de Doctorat en Química Sostenibl
Vulnerability to anergia in rodents: individual differences, genetic dopamine depletion and the role of the cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor
No full textDoctorat internacionalMotivated behavior is characterized by a high degree of activity, vigor, or persistence. Nucleus Accumbens (NAcb) dopamine (DA) plays an important role in behavioral activation and effort-related decision-making. Anergia, fatigue, psychomotor slowing and effort-related choices is a dysfunctional motivational set of symptoms that appears in patients with major depressive disorders, Parkinson’s disease and other neuropsychiatric disorders. The study of individual differences in vulnerability to these symptoms is of key importance to establish therapeutic procedures and preventive strategies, as well as to study the role of the cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) as a marker of neuroprotection in behavioral and effort-related decision making. We have employed different animal models, and different behavioral paradigms of effort-related decision-making with translational potential to characterize these symptoms. In conclusion, as a translational outcome of the current thesis is that could help to understand the vulnerability to surfer anergia or fatigue in different types of subjects.Programa de Doctorat en Psicologi
Amphiphilic systems based on ionic liquids derived from amino acids and related materials: applications as therapeutic agents and drug delivery vehicles
No full textDoctorat internacionalEsta Tesis Doctoral, enmarcada en Química Supramolecular, explora líquidos iónicos (ILs) y sistemas anfifílicos como agentes bioactivos y vehículos de fármacos. Se diseñaron ILs derivados de aminoácidos y pseudoaminoácidos, evaluando su síntesis, propiedades fisicoquímicas y bioactividad. Inicialmente se estudiaron 17 ILs imidazólicos con actividad antitumoral en diferentes líneas celulares, junto a sus mecanismos de acción mediante ensayos con membranas y microscopía confocal. Asimismo, se desarrollaron mezclas de esos ILs con metotrexato, que mostraron sinergia antitumoral y afinidad por ADN. También se sintetizaron 14 sales de amonio cuaternarias con actividad antimicrobiana y sinergia con antibióticos. La investigación incluyó sistemas poliméricos anfifílicos sensibles a estímulos redox y un sistema tripodal derivado de L-valina para encapsulación y liberación controlada de antioxidantes, con eficacia antitumoral y baja toxicidad. Los resultados, publicados en revistas internacionales, evidencian el potencial de los ILs como plataformas multifuncionales en aplicaciones farmacológicas y biomédicas.Programa de Doctorat en Química Sostenibl
Efectividad de una Triple Combinación (leche materna, succión y contención) vs. Tetanalgesia para aliviar el dolor durante la punción del talón en recién nacidos a término: un ensayo clínico aleatorizado controlado
No full textLos neonatos experimentan dolor durante procedimientos rutinarios como la punción del talón. En este estudio, se evalúa la eficacia de una nueva estrategia analgésica no farmacológica, denominada Triple Combinación, que combina la administración de leche materna extraída, la succión y la contención. Se lleva a cabo la comparación con la Tetanalgesia. Diseño: ensayo clínico aleatorizado controlado. Resultados: La muestra fue de 128 neonatos, de los cuales el 54,7% fueron de sexo masculino y el 45,3% de sexo femenino. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas. La escala PIPP mostró una reducción significativamente mayor del dolor en el grupo de Triple Combinación en comparación con el grupo de Tetanalgesia (p=0,033). Sin embargo, la escala NIPS no mostró diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos (p=0,932). Conclusiones: los hallazgos obtenidos respaldan a la Triple Combinación como una alternativa viable para el manejo del dolor neonatal, especialmente en aquellos casos que no es posible la tetanalgesia.Neonates experience pain during routine procedures such as heel pricks. In this study, the efficacy of a new non-pharmacological analgesic strategy, called Triple Combination, which combines the administration of expressed breast milk, sucking and facilitated tucking, is evaluated and compared to Tetanalgesia. Design: single-blind randomised clinical trial. Results: The sample consisted of 128 newborns, of which 54.7% were male. The groups were homogeneous in the baseline assessment. The PIPP scale showed significantly greater pain reduction in the Triple Combination group than in the Tetanalgesia group (p=0.033). However, the NIPS scale showed no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.932). Conclusions: The findings support Triple Combination as a viable alternative for managing neonatal pain, especially in cases where Tetanalgesia is not possible.Programa de Doctorat en Ciències de la Infermeri
The Princess Who Saved the Captain: The Allegorization of Pocahontas’ Body in the Engravings of Robert Vaughan (1624) and Matthäus Merian (ca. 1634)
No full textThis article analyzes, using the iconographic method, Robert Vaughan’s engraving in John Smith’s The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles, and Matthäus Merian’s representation in the thirteenth volume of the Grands Voyages, a compilation by the De Bry family. Both images depict Pocahontas as the rescuer of Captain John Smith and are inscribed in the early modern visual rhetoric related to the colonial depiction of the so-called Indian texts. The article relates these illustrations to other European visual schemes in order to examine the idealization of Pocahontas’s body, which was used as a means to legitimize and assimilate English domination in Virginia.El artículo analiza, bajo el método iconográfico, el grabado de Robert Vaughan recogido en The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles, de John Smith, y la representación de Matthäus Merian en el volumen decimotercero de los Grands Voyages, compilación de la familia De Bry. Ambas imágenes muestran a Pocahontas como rescatista del capitán John Smith y están inscritas en la retórica visual de la Edad Moderna sobre la plasmación colonial de los llamados textos de Indias. El trabajo relaciona estas ilustraciones con otros esquemas visuales europeos, con el fin de observar la idealización del cuerpo de Pocahontas que fue utilizada como medio para legitimar y asimilar la dominación inglesa en Virginia
La ciudad y la ciudadanía senior, una construcción de patrimonio inmaterial
No full textLa ciudad contemporánea trasciende la idea de lugar en el que habitar y transitar para trasladarse al espacio de la imagen intangible fruto de procesos que generan diálogos e interrelaciones entre disciplinas humanísticas y sociales. Las ciudades se convierten en elementos iconográficos y objetos de representación en las artes visuales que son particularmente determinantes para configurar su imagen. Su consolidación refuerza por un lado el sentimiento de pertenencia, la participación y la integración de sus propios habitantes y por otro la idiosincrasia atribuida por parte de quienes no las han visitado nunca. Lo material y lo inmaterial se conectan en los imaginarios colectivos creando procesos de resignificación y reinterpretación basados en vestigios de las antiguas edificaciones y de los moradores que conforman la memoria histórica
Research on mechanisms for elastic wave energy control and computational functions in meta-structures
No full textCompendi d'articles, CotutelaSince the beginning of this century, metamaterials have rapidly advanced as powerful platforms for manipulating mechanical waves and vibrations beyond natural material capabilities. Elastic waves in solids, with their rich polarization states and boundary interactions, offer unique opportunities but also pose theoretical and practical challenges. Their potential applications in energy suppression, localization, guiding, harvesting, and information processing have attracted broad attention. However, systematic frameworks for understanding and designing such systems remain incomplete. Key challenges include: (i) incomplete design strategies for targeted energy localization and transfer in passive systems; (ii) limited understanding of modal coupling and lossless radiation in open systems; and (iii) unclear mechanisms of spatiotemporal structures as intelligent information carriers for computing. This PhD thesis addresses these issues under the theme of “intelligence” in meta-structures. Four main contributions are presented as follows: First, enhancing the intelligence of the design process through the application of machine learning algorithms. Reinforcement learning and neural networks enable inverse design of meta-rods and meta-plates, realizing band gap width maximization and robust topological states for elastic wave localization and transport. Second, piezoelectric-embedded beams with external circuits introduce active control, transforming closed systems into open ones where modal degeneracy evolves from points to lines and rings, revealing mechanisms of wave localization and chirality-dependent effects. Third, time-modulated impedance interfaces are developed to compensate intrinsic losses, achieving lossless energy radiation in static cavities and enabling multipolar vortex modes via temporal-angular modulation. Fourth, a spatiotemporal magnetic rotors-based mechanical reservoir computing framework is proposed, demonstrating effective nonlinear, nonlocal information processing on benchmark regression and classification tasks.Programa de Doctorat en Cièncie
Luces y sombras del prácticum en alternancia: La óptica del profesorado que recibe estudiantes en prácticas
No full textEn el marco de un encuentro con docentes de centros educativos de educación infantil y primaria que reciben a estudiantes en prácticas curriculares, se extraen y analizan sus opiniones acerca de las fortalezas y
debilidades del modelo de Prácticum en altemancia ancia de los Grados de Maestro/a dele Educación Educación Infantil y Primaria de la Universitat Jaume I.In the context of a meeting with teachers from early childhood and primary education centers that receive students in curricular internships, their opinions about the strengths and weaknesses of the Practicum model in alternating years of the Bachelor's Degrees in Early Childhood and Primary Education at the Universitat Jaume I are extracted and analyzed