97828 research outputs found
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Cooperative Robots for Construction — Material Handling and Stigmergic Methods
No full textDoctorat internacionalAutonomous robotic systems are poised to transform the construction industry by enabling teams of mobile robots to collaborate on material handling and assembly tasks. This dissertation advances the state of the art in cooperative mobile robotics for construction through an integrated exploration of hardware development, control architecture, simulation, and experimental validation. We design and implement a novel omnidirectional robot platform with a modular design and a friction-based lifting mechanism, allowing multiple robots to jointly lift and transport building materials without the need for complex grippers. Using this platform, a distributed control architecture orchestrates multi-robot coordination, and we systematically evaluate how key parameters – including robot mass, movement speed, team size, and task allocation strategy – impact the efficiency of both individual and cooperative operations. In parallel, drawing inspiration from social insects, we investigate stigmergic construction methods as a decentralized approach to multi-robot assembly. Using a custom lightweight simulator and high-fidelity ARGoS simulations, we develop and assess rule-based strategies in which robots coordinate indirectly by modifying their environment. These experiments demonstrate that simple local interaction rules can give rise to complex emergent structures. We also introduce a gripper tool design for block manipulation to bridge the gap between simulation and physical implementation of stigmergic building. Overall, the results validate the feasibility of employing cooperative robots for both shared-load material handling and decentralized construction. This work provides new insights into the design of multi-robot platforms and control frameworks for the construction domain, and it outlines practical guidelines to inform future robotic construction systems.Programa de Doctorat en Informàtic
El efecto prescripción de los medios sociales digitales en la decisión de compra de productos farmacéuticos OTC en España. La influencia del boca a boca electrónico sobre el consumo de productos farmacéuticos sin prescripción médica.
No full textEste estudio analiza la influencia del boca a boca electrónico (eWOM) en la compra de medicamentos OTC en España, destacando el papel prescriptor de las redes sociales, los blogs y videoblogs especializados en salud. Mediante una encuesta a 336 usuarios de estas plataformas, se evidencian factores clave como la credibilidad, calidad del eWOM, reputación del emisor y percepción del riesgo que afectan a la intención de compra. Casi la mitad de los encuestados compró medicamentos OTC tras la exposición al eWOM, mientras que un 24% lo utilizó para descartar la compra. Los blogs especializados se perciben como la fuente más fiable, seguidos de YouTube e Instagram. Estos resultados reflejan la importancia del entorno digital para la comunicación farmacéutica y sugieren implicaciones relevantes para el sector, los profesionales sanitarios y los organismos reguladores en la elaboración de estrategias para garantizar una información veraz y mitigar los riesgos asociados con la automedicación.This study examines the influence of electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) on the purchase of OTC medicines in Spain and the prescriptive role of social media, blogs, and health videoblogs. A survey of 336 users identified key factors affecting purchase intention: eWOM credibility and quality, sender reputation, and risk perception. Nearly half of the participants purchased medicines after exposure to eWOM, while 24% decided against a purchase based on it. Specialized blogs were perceived as the most reliable source, followed by YouTube and Instagram. The findings highlight the relevance of the digital environment in pharmaceutical communication and suggest important implications for the industry, healthcare professionals, and regulatory authorities. Strategies should focus on ensuring accurate, trustworthy information and reducing risks associated with self-medication. This study contributes to understanding how digital word-of-mouth shapes consumer behavior regarding non-prescription medicines in Spain and informs future research on online health communication.Programa de Doctorat en Màrquetin
La protesta feminista a través del performance art. Una aproximación al caso español (1970 – 2000)
No full text¿Qué es el performance? ¿Solo arte y nada más? En esta tesis nos proponemos analizar el performance art no solo como una práctica artística, sino también como una herramienta activista para la protesta feminista. Para ello, la investigación parte de un marco teórico interdisciplinar que articula la teoría derivada de los estudios del performance, el artivismo y el feminismo de la tercera ola. Así, desde un enfoque crítico e interpretativo, la tesis analiza varias acciones colectivas de la protesta feministas del último tercio del siglo XX en España, las cuales recurrieron, casi sin saberlo, al lenguaje del performance art para denunciar las violencias machistas heredadas del régimen franquista. Como contribución original, en esta investigación planteamos nuevos términos conceptuales que nos permitan analizar estas acciones feministas de la desobediencia civil desde el marco legítimo del performance art(ivista).In Spain, the last decades of the twentieth century marked a turning point in the consolidation of feminist activism, during a period in which performance art ‒shaped by the dissident rhythms of the counterculture‒ played an important role as a tool for feminist protest and action. This thesis examines, using a critical-interpretive methodology, how this historical convergence encouraged the ‒whether conscious or not‒ use of the language of performance art by feminist collectives in Spain to articulate and make visible their protests against oppressive systems.Programa de Doctorat en Estudis Interdisciplinaris de Gèner
Entrevista a Artur Aparici: “L’activisme rural denuncia que el relat del ‘despoblament’ ha convertit els espais rurals en zones de sacrifici”
No full textEn un context de crisi ecològica, desigualtat territorial i reptes demogràfics, la ruralitat torna a situar-se al centre del debat. Però, quina ruralitat? Amb quines veus? Amb quines condicions? Amb l’objectiu de reflexionar des d’una perspectiva crítica i situada, hem conversat amb Artur Aparici Castillo, sociòleg i professor jubilat del Departament de Filosofia i Sociologia de la Universitat Jaume I, que porta més de tres dècades dedicat a l’estudi de la ruralitat, la participació i la innovació social des de les ciències socials. Coneixedor profund del territori valencià i del món rural ibèric, Aparici ha estat impulsor de múltiples processos participatius en l’àmbit rural, així com d’iniciatives com el Fòrum de la Nova Ruralitat (Ginés, 2024; Ginés et al., 2021; Ginés & Querol Vicente, 2019; V. Querol Vicente et al., 2021; V. A. Querol Vicente et al., 2019), espai de pensament i acció col·lectiva que reivindica una mirada alternativa i digna sobre el medi rural, des de la quotidianitat i les comunitats. La seua obra, sempre compromesa, s’ha caracteritzat per qüestionar discursos hegemònics —com el del despoblament— i per posar l’accent en la complexitat i pluralitat de les ruralitats contemporànies. A través d’aquesta entrevista, abordem amb ell qüestions com la relació entre ruralitat i activisme, les mirades autoaplicades als pobles, el paper dels joves, la transformació del territori, els reptes de l’agricultura, els límits del discurs institucional i les possibilitats de futur que pot oferir el medi rural en temps convulsos. Una conversa per pensar el medi rural no com a problema, sinó com a possibilitat.Resumen
En un contexto de crisis ecológica, desigualdad territorial y retos demográficos, la ruralidad vuelve a situarse en el centro del debate. Pero, ¿qué ruralidad? ¿Con qué voces? ¿Con qué condiciones? Con el objetivo de reflexionar desde una perspectiva crítica y ubicada, hemos conversado con Artur Aparici Castillo, sociólogo y profesor jubilado del Departamento de Filosofía y Sociología de la Universidad Jaume I, que lleva más de tres décadas dedicado al estudio de la ruralidad, la participación y la innovación social desde las ciencias sociales. Conocedor profundo del territorio valenciano y del mundo rural ibérico, Aparici ha sido impulsor de múltiples procesos participativos en el ámbito rural, así como de iniciativas como el Foro de la Nueva Ruralidad (Ginès, 2024; Ginés et al., 2021; Ginés & Querol Vicente, 2019; 2019), espacio de pensamiento y acción colectiva que reivindica una mirada alternativa y digna sobre el medio rural, desde lo cotidiano y las comunidades. Su obra, siempre compromesa, se ha caracterizado por cuestionar discursos hegemónicos —como el del despoblamiento— y por poner el acento en la complejidad y pluralidad de las ruralidades contemporáneas. A través de esta entrevista, abordamos con él cuestiones como la relación entre ruralidad y activismo, las miradas autoaplicadas en los pueblos, el papel de los jóvenes, la transformación del territorio, los retos de la agricultura, los límites del discurso institucional y las posibilidades de futuro que puede ofrecer el medio rural en tiempos convulsos. Una conversación para pensar el medio rural no como problema sino como posibilidad.Abstract
In a context of ecological crisis, territorial inequality, and demographic challenges, rural life is once again at the center of the debate. But what kind of rural life? Whose voices? Under what conditions? With the aim of reflecting from a critical and contextual perspective, we spoke with Artur Aparici Castillo, a sociologist and retired professor from the Department of Philosophy and Sociology at Jaume I University, who has dedicated more than three decades to the study of rural life, participation, and social innovation from a social science perspective. A profound expert on the Valencian region and the Iberian rural world, Aparici has been a driving force behind numerous participatory processes in rural areas, as well as initiatives such as the New Rurality Forum (Ginès, 2024; Ginés et al., 2021; Ginés & Querol Vicente, 2019; 2019), a space for collective thought and action that advocates for an alternative and dignified view of rural life, starting from everyday experiences and communities. His work, always engaged, has been characterized by questioning hegemonic discourses—such as that of depopulation—and by emphasizing the complexity and plurality of contemporary rural life. Through this interview, we discuss with him issues such as the relationship between rurality and activism, self-perceptions in villages, the role of young people, the transformation of the land, the challenges facing agriculture, the limitations of institutional discourse, and the future possibilities that rural areas can offer in turbulent times. A conversation to consider rural areas not as a problem, but as a possibility
Lead-free perovskites and derivatives for photogeneration: a roadmap to sustainable approaches for photovoltaics and photo(electro)catalysis
No full textThis roadmap provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in lead-free perovskite materials for photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical /photocatalytic applications. It highlights the urgent need for sustainable energy solutions, emphasizing the role of lead-free perovskites in addressing challenges related to toxicity, scalability, and efficiency. The roadmap is designed to guide the reader from application-driven perspectives to fundamental materials insights, characterization techniques, fabrication strategies and overreaching sustainability considerations. The document explores key material families, including tin-, bismuth-, antimony-, and copper-based perovskites, detailing their optoelectronic properties, fabrication techniques, and application potential. Special attention is given to advanced characterization methods, green processing strategies, the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning for material design and optimization and lifecycle impact assessments to ensure environmental sustainability. By bringing together insights from global research communities, this roadmap serves as a strategic guide for advancing lead-free perovskite technology, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, and accelerating the transition to next-generation solar energy solutions
Configuraciones críticas de las (in)seguridades y la violencia en Colombia después de la firma del Acuerdo de Paz con las FARC-EP: transeguridad y tiempo para la paz transicional
No full textLa terminación del conflicto entre el Estado colombiano y las FARC-EP abrió nuevos escenarios de inseguridad y violencia, manteniendo la paz como un asunto intangible e inconcluso. Esta tesis doctoral propone un marco analítico innovador para comprender estas dinámicas y plantear rutas hacia una gobernanza para la paz. Con una metodología ecléctica, se desarrollan conceptos originales sobre la relación entre violencia, crimen, inseguridad y paz. La investigación se guía por la pregunta: ¿cómo se configuran los estadios de la seguridad y la violencia en Colombia tras el Acuerdo de Paz (2017-2022)? Los hallazgos incluyen los conceptos de polipaces, seguridad transicional, transeguridad y paz transicional, útiles para explicar la complejidad del posconflicto. Como conclusión, se formulan propuestas de gobernanza para la paz orientadas a la inclusión territorial, la cohesión social y la desviolentización del país.The end of the armed conflict between the Colombian State and the FARC-EP opened new scenarios of insecurity and violence, leaving peace as an intangible and unfinished endeavor. This doctoral thesis proposes an innovative analytical framework to understand these dynamics and to outline pathways toward governance for peace. Using an eclectic methodology, it develops original concepts on the relationship between violence, crime, insecurity, and peace. The research is guided by the question: How are the stages of security and violence configured in Colombia after the Peace Agreement (2017–2022)? The findings introduce the concepts of polypeaces, transitional security, transecurity, and transitional peace, which contribute to explaining the complexity of the post-conflict context. In conclusion, the thesis formulates proposals for peace governance aimed at fostering territorial inclusion, social cohesion, and the de-violentization of the country.Programa de Doctorat en Estudis Internacionals de Pau, Conflictes i Desenvolupamen
Configuraciones críticas de las (in)seguridades y la violencia en Colombia después de la firma del Acuerdo de Paz con las FARC-EP: transeguridad y tiempo para la paz transicional
No full textLa terminación del conflicto entre el Estado colombiano y las FARC-EP abrió nuevos escenarios de inseguridad y violencia, manteniendo la paz como un asunto intangible e inconcluso. Esta tesis doctoral propone un marco analítico innovador para comprender estas dinámicas y plantear rutas hacia una gobernanza para la paz. Con una metodología ecléctica, se desarrollan conceptos originales sobre la relación entre violencia, crimen, inseguridad y paz. La investigación se guía por la pregunta: ¿cómo se configuran los estadios de la seguridad y la violencia en Colombia tras el Acuerdo de Paz (2017-2022)? Los hallazgos incluyen los conceptos de polipaces, seguridad transicional, transeguridad y paz transicional, útiles para explicar la complejidad del posconflicto. Como conclusión, se formulan propuestas de gobernanza para la paz orientadas a la inclusión territorial, la cohesión social y la desviolentización del país.The end of the armed conflict between the Colombian State and the FARC-EP opened new scenarios of insecurity and violence, leaving peace as an intangible and unfinished endeavor. This doctoral thesis proposes an innovative analytical framework to understand these dynamics and to outline pathways toward governance for peace. Using an eclectic methodology, it develops original concepts on the relationship between violence, crime, insecurity, and peace. The research is guided by the question: How are the stages of security and violence configured in Colombia after the Peace Agreement (2017–2022)? The findings introduce the concepts of polypeaces, transitional security, transecurity, and transitional peace, which contribute to explaining the complexity of the post-conflict context. In conclusion, the thesis formulates proposals for peace governance aimed at fostering territorial inclusion, social cohesion, and the de-violentization of the country.Programa de Doctorat en Estudis Internacionals de Pau, Conflictes i Desenvolupamen
Loneliness among older adults: Detection through technology and reminiscence-based interventions
No full textCompendi d'articlesThis doctoral thesis explores loneliness in older adults through a proof-of-concept approach integrating technological detection and reminiscence-based interventions. The first aim was to develop and assess digital methodologies for detecting loneliness, including the validation of a chatbot-administered version of the 6-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale and the exploration of machine learning models for identifying linguistic patterns associated with loneliness. The second aim focused on reminiscence as an intervention strategy, comprising a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines and a pilot group intervention for adults over 60. Findings suggest that chatbot-based assessment and language models show promising potential for scalable detection, while reminiscence interventions may help reduce emotional loneliness and enhance psychological well-being. Although exploratory, the results highlight significant research gaps and point toward the value of combining technological and human-centered approaches to better address loneliness in later life.Programa de Doctorat en Psicologi
Legal analysis of the use of artificial intelligence in biometric pattern recognition: Applications in the fight against crime and their limitations
No full textEl objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar el uso de la inteligencia artificial en el reconocimiento de patrones biométricos como herramienta para prevenir, detectar y combatir la criminalidad. El estudio presenta la necesidad de promulgar una regulación que garantice la optimización de la tarea policial mediante el uso de estos sistemas, sin menoscabar los derechos fundamentales y preservando el derecho al habeas data. Asimismo, se expone la conveniencia de depositar la responsabilidad del tratamiento de los datos biométricos utilizados en este ámbito en las autoridades policiales y judiciales, como garantes de la seguridad pública.The major aim of this research is analysing the use of artificial intelligence in biometric pattern recognition as a tool to forestall, detect and fight against crime. The study highlights the need of enacting a regulation that ensures the optimisation of the police task by using the aforementioned systems. Crucially, such regulation must guarantee the protection of fundamental rights, as well as the right to habeas data. In this line, the convenience of allocating the liability of biometric data treatment used in this field in the law enforcement and judicial authorities, as guarantors of public security, is presented
Critical review on analytical methodologies for highly polar organophosphate pesticides in environmental samples
No full textHighly polar pesticides include compounds such as glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA, glufosinate and its metabolite MPPA, phosphonic acid, ethephon, and fosetyl-Al. Their unique physicochemical properties —such as low octanol/water coefficient (log Kow < 0), poor retention on reversed-phase columns, strong binding affinities to matrix components, and poor ionization and fragmentation efficiency in mass spectrometry— make their residue determination problematic. Consequently, the development of suitable analytical methods remains highly challenging. This review provides a comprehensive literature search of the most recent analytical methodologies for the determination of these compounds in environmental samples, along with a critical discussion of key issues related to their residue determination in different sample matrices. With a focus mainly on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods, the different steps of the analytical workflow are discussed, including sample treatment, chromatographic separation and detection. At each step, the review highlights analytical challenges and pivotal aspects to offer an in-depth understanding of the analytical determination of these highly polar pesticidesFunding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Jaume