97828 research outputs found
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Datafeudalism and Democracy: The Domination of Big Tech Corporations in the Age of Generative AI
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalThis doctoral thesis examines the adverse effects stemming from the transformation of digital giants’ socio-economic model —from surveillance capitalism to datafeudalism— and from the rapid emergence and popularisation of generative AI (GenAI) tools on European Union (EU) democratic systems. The research pursues three interrelated objectives. Firstly, it applies a hermeneutic-critical methodological framework to analyse the global system of social, economic, and political domination established by big tech corporations and its detrimental consequences for the proper functioning of EU democracies. Secondly, it examines the dangers posed by the emergence and strategic use of GenAI to the existence of an autonomous and authentic public sphere and to the formation of a critical and mature public opinion. Thirdly, it proposes a set of guidelines aimed at mitigating these threats and enhancing the performance of EU democratic systems in a fair, transparent, responsible, and explainable manner.Programa de Doctorat en Ètica i Democràci
Interrelación entre la gestión del cliente y la cultura organizacional: Un estudio para optimizar las micro experiencias y maximizar el retorno de la inversión.
No full textLa tesis doctoral analiza la interrelación entre la gestión de la experiencia del cliente (CXM) y la cultura organizacional, con el objetivo de optimizar las micro-experiencias del cliente y maximizar el retorno de la inversión (ROI). El estudio se estructura en tres partes: primero, un análisis bibliométrico confirma el creciente interés académico en Customer Experience (CX) y Customer Engagement (CE); segundo, se evalúa empíricamente el impacto de variables operativas en servicios de atención al cliente —como el tiempo de espera, la duración de la llamada y la resolución en el primer contacto— sobre la satisfacción y recomendación del cliente, destacando el rol mediador de la permanencia del cliente (Customer Tenure); tercero, se demuestra que la gestión de CX influye positivamente en elementos de la cultura organizacional (roles, selección, evaluación y reconocimiento), relacionándose directamente con el ROI. Finalmente, se subraya la necesidad de establecer un departamento específico de CX para institucionalizar su gestión.In a competitive and dynamic business environment, customer experience (CX) has emerged as a key strategic factor for fostering loyalty and differentiation. This dissertation examines customer experience management (CXM) and its connection with organizational culture, highlighting how both elements contribute to the creation of lasting emotional bonds and the optimization of the Customer Journey (CJ). The research underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration, well-defined processes, and the effective use of technology to deliver personalized and positive experiences at critical moments of interaction. Furthermore, it analyzes the role of micro-experiences and how their proper management can enhance perceived value, customer loyalty, and return on investment. An integrated framework is proposed, aligning organizational culture with customer expectations, thereby enabling organizations to achieve sustainable competitive advantages through a robust and consistent CX.Programa de Doctorat en Màrquetin
La intervención psicopedagógica inclusiva como campo integrador de la convergencia didáctico-terapéutica musical para la mejora de la calidad de vida de personas con DCA
No full textLas secuelas del Daño Cerebral Adquirido afectan a las personas que lo padecen generando déficits persistentes en la motivación y alteraciones en el pensamiento formal por las cuales se producen carencias en el razonamiento lógico-deductivo y abstracto. Por esta causa, en el contexto de la Asociación-Fundación Ateneu, centro de día para las personas con DCA, se detectan problemas que afectan al óptimo desarrollo de los talleres ofertados. Derivado de una Investigación Acción, se implementa un estudio piloto, que muestra que la aplicación de un programa psicopedagógico con la música como recurso, mejora la participación y la interrelación de los tres usuarios participantes en el proyecto. Igualmente, estas conclusiones motivan el objetivo de un estudio empírico: mejorar la calidad de vida de dos personas con DCA, en las dimensiones de bienestar emocional, desarrollo personal e inclusión social. La investigación recurre a un diseño de dos casos únicos de reversión intra-serie de cuatro fases. En él se miden, mediante la aplicación de sub-pruebas de test estandarizados y la observación registrada en notas de campo, variables relacionadas con las diferentes dimensiones de calidad de vida. Para el análisis de los datos de cada una de las variables se utiliza un análisis visual complementado con los datos obtenidos en la observación de campo. Los resultados muestran la mejora de la calidad de vida en las variables relacionadas con las dimensiones de bienestar emocional, desarrollo personal e inclusión social, en los dos casos tratados. De estas mejoras se infiere que, en el campo de la psicopedagogía, una intervención con la educación musical inclusiva como recurso puede llegar a ser una metodología eficaz que, integrando un enfoque terapéutico, pueda desarrollarse fuera de un ámbito clínico.Derived from an Action Research, a pilot study is implemented, it shows that the application of a psycho-pedagogical program with music as a resource improves the participation and social interrelation of three users of a center for people with ABI. These conclusions motivate the objective of an empirical study: to improve the quality of life of two people with ABI, in the dimensions of Emotional Well-being, Personal Development and Social Inclusion through an inclusive psycho-pedagogical program in which didactic and musical therapeutic aspects converge. The research uses a design of two single cases of four-phase intra-series reversal. It measures variables related to the different dimensions of quality of life. The results show the partial improvement of the quality of life in the variables related to the dimensions of the concept in the two cases treated.Programa de Doctorat en Educaci
Educar para transformar conflictos. Valoración de los conocimientos, habilidades y recursos para hacer las paces en la formación de grado en psicología social en Venezuela
No full textEsta investigación analiza el currículo formativo en psicología social impartido en el Grado en Psicología de la Universidad Central de Venezuela usando el marco analítico de la Educación Crítica para la Paz (ECpP). Para ello, establece un conjunto de conocimientos, habilidades y recursos para hacer las paces con la literatura especializada y realiza un estudio de casos intrínseco de corte cualitativo. Se conformó un corpus informativo constituido por 20 programas de asignaturas dictadas por el Departamento de Psicología Social de la Escuela de Psicología de la UCV y se entrevistó en profundidad a 23 estudiantes del Ciclo Aplicado de Psicología Social de las cohortes que comenzaron dicho ciclo entre 2015 y 2018. Los programas analizados presentan amplias referencias interdisciplinares y oportunidades de mejora en la sinergia pedagógica. El reporte del estudiantado señala la promoción de un habitus socio-reflexivo y crítico como recurso principal para la construcción de paz en Venezuela.This research analyses the curriculum of social psychology taught in the undergraduate Psychology program at the Universidad Central de Venezuela, using the analytical framework of Critical Peace Education (CPE). To do so, it establishes a set of knowledge, skills, and resources for making peace based on specialized literature and conducts an intrinsic case study with a qualitative approach. The information corpus was composed of 20 course syllabi from the Department of Social Psychology at the UCV School of Psychology, and in-depth interviews were conducted with 23 students from the Applied Cycle of Social Psychology who began the cycle between 2015 and 2018. The analysed syllabi present broad interdisciplinary references and opportunities for improvement in pedagogical synergy. The students' report highlights the promotion of a socio-reflective and critical habitus as the main resource for peacebuilding in Venezuela.Programa de Doctorat en Estudis Internacionals de Pau, Conflictes i Desenvolupamen
Altered microglial plasticity in the periaqueductal grey of pre-symptomatic Mecp2-heterozygous mice following early-life stress
No full textRett syndrome (RTT), a severe neurodevelopmental disorder primarily affecting girls, is commonly caused by MECP2 loss-of-function mutations. Key symptoms include motor impairments, typical hand stereotypies and intellectual disability. Moreover, although not thoroughly studied, anxiety, heightened stress sensitivity, and aberrant pain perception are also an important component of the RTT phenotype. Emerging evidence suggests that early-life stress (ELS) worsens Mecp2-related phenotypic alterations in mice. Microglia, the resident immune cells within the central nervous system, play a critical role in RTT pathophysiology, yet the combined impact of ELS and Mecp2 deficiency on microglia has not been studied. Previously, we observed reduced activation of the periaqueductal grey (PAG, a cerebral structure involved in pain modulation, autonomic control, and defensive behaviours) in Mecp2-heterozygous (Mecp2-het) mice after thermal stimulation. Here, we investigated the impact of ELS on microglia morphology in the PAG under Mecp2 deficiency. To this end, we analysed microglia in the PAG of presymptomatic Mecp2-het mice previously subjected to maternal separation (MS) as a model of ELS, alongside corresponding control animals. Brain sections were immunolabelled for IBA1, a pan-microglial marker. Microglial cells within the PAG were evaluated for expression levels, morphological characteristics, and fractal properties. While global PAG analyses showed minimal differences, subdivision-specific analyses revealed significant microglial alterations. These findings suggest that ELS exacerbates Mecp2-related neurodevelopmental deficits, impairing microglia in a region-specific manner. Our data points to a microglial failure to morphologically adapt, rather than overt structural loss, in the PAG that may underlie some of the neurological dysfunctions observed in RTT
Didactic intersemiotic and interlingual audio descriptions: some applications for L1 and L2 learning and teaching
No full textAudio description (AD) is an audiovisual translation (AVT) and media accessibility mode aimed primarily at visually impaired users. Traditionally, AD has tended to use images and some sounds as the source text to create the AD script (the target text), therefore AD is known as an intersemiotic translation. However, some researchers have focused on the theoretical feasibility of opting for the interlingual translation of ADs into another language. Moreover, research has explored the combination of AVT with language teaching and learning, a discipline called “didactic audiovisual translation” with branches like didactic audio description (DAD). In this proposal, we argue that DAD needs to consider both the linguistic nature and application of AD to better differentiate the didactic potential of intersemiotic and interlingual AD, since they have different applications for L1 and L2 learning and teaching. More specifically, intersemiotic AD seems to be suitable for learning L1, for instance, to consolidate grammatical structures, to proofread texts, to develop writing and oral skills, to learn about L1 linguistic variation, etc. On the other hand, interlingual AD can be used to learn about vocabulary and grammar in L2, to develop foreign language oral and written skills, to develop translation skills, etc. All in all, given the potential of DAD for language learning and teaching, this line of research should be further explored with other combinations
Sexting in emerging adults from Spain, Colombia, and Mexico: Cultural differences in frequency, attitudes, and motives
No full textSexting is a common rising phenomenon among young adults. However, studies focused on sexting behaviors and related factors in Hispanic context are scarce. This study aimed to explore the frequency, motives, and attitudes towards sexting and cross-cultural differences among Hispanic countries in emerging adults and analyze if country and gender attitudes towards sexting were predictors of engagement on sexting. A sample consisting of 3726 emerging adults from Spain, Colombia and Mexico completed a battery of questionnaires assessing these variables. The Spanish sample was composed by 1222 adults (881 women and 342 men; Mage =20.71), the Colombian sample by 1835 adults (1051 women and 784 men; Mage = 19.62) and lastly, the Mexican sample by 669 adults (396 women and 273 men, Mag e= 20.96). Our results showed cross-national differences on sexting engagement, attitudes towards these practices and motivations in both genders. Moreover, across countries and genders, favorable attitudes towards sexting were a strong predictor of engagement, whereas nationality has a differential effect as predictor by gender. Taken together, our results support the potential role of certain cultural factors of each country, especially traditionalism in attitudes toward sexuality, gender inequality, and gender-related values in differences in sexting and its related factors in emerging adults in the Hispanic cultural context
Binding energy of polaronic trions and biexcitons in CsPbBr3 nanocrystals
No full textThe effect of polaron formation on the ground state of excitons, trions, and biexcitons confined in CsPbBr3 nanocrystals is studied in the framework of effective mass Hamiltonians, using a Haken-like (Bajaj) potential for carrier-phonon coupling. The binding energy of trions agrees well with that observed in experiments, with position-dependent dielectric screening playing a significant role. For biexcitons, however, neither polaronic effects, nor dielectric confinement, nor electronic correlations—here accounted for with a variational quantum Monte Carlo method—suffice to explain the large binding energies reported by single nanocrystal spectroscopy experiments. This result reinforces the hypothesis that biexcitons polarize the perovskite lattice differently from excitons and trions
La estrategia electoral del municipalismo libertario: mandatos imperativos y revocables revisados
No full textThis article focuses on one of the outcomes of the 2010 assemblymovements: the electoral strategy ofrunningfor municipal elections as a wayto channel towncouncilpower to a popular assembly of the town’s residents. This strategy, whichwas initially theorisedby the American thinker Murray Bookchin in order to bring about a commu-nalist society —that is, a society in whichpopular assemblies exercisepublic power at the local level —has been put into practise in recentyears. The movements that adopt it are, however, facing a legal and political void. Based on extensive fieldworkin the French town of Commercy, the article aims to fill this void by looking at the institutional design that arose out ofthe Yellow Vests movement, when part of the group adoptedtheelectoralstrategyof libertarian municipalism. More specifically, it shows how the movement reinvented the relationship of representation between towncounciland the citizens’ assemblythrough imperative mandates.The actors filled that void by cre-ating an original tool to ensure that those elected would be morally and politically obliged to execute the assembly’s will. However,the lack ofalegal framework provid-ing forrecall or rotation prevented them from integratingthese devicesto realise their political projectand, instead, they reliedon social control to ensure elected delegates would respect thewill of theassembly.Este artículo se centra en uno de los resultados de los movimientos asamblearios de 2010: la estrategia electoralutilizadaen las elecciones municipales y que tuvo comofin canalizar el poder del ayuntamiento hacia una asamblea popular que reúna a los residentes de la localidad. Aunque esta estrategia fue inicialmente desarrollada por el pensador estadounidense Murray Bookchin con el objetivo de lograr una sociedad comunalista —es decir, una sociedad en la que el poder público es ejercido por la gente reunida en asamblea a nivel local—, también se ha puesto en práctica en los últimos años. Sin embargo, los movimientos que la adoptan se enfrentan a un vacío legal y político. Basado en un extenso trabajo de campo, el artículo busca llenar este vacío analizandoel diseño institucional que surgió del movimiento de los Chalecos Amarillos en Commercy. Más específicamente, muestra cómo el movimiento reinventó la rela-ción de representación entre el ayuntamiento y la asamblea popular a través de los mandatos imperativos