97828 research outputs found
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Bioactive molecules against proteasome and cysteine proteases. Synthetic approach to vicinal diamines
No full textConfidencialitat, Doctorat internacionalThis PhD thesis presents research advancements in the fields of organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. The work is structured into three chapters, each focusing on distinct topics. The first chapter explores the synthesis of 1,2-diamines derived from aldehydes. This involves a three-step telescoped process, starting with a Darzens reaction to produce intermediate epoxysulfones. These intermediates react with amines to form amino-imines, which are subsequently converted into the final diamines using a reductive agent. The remaining two chapters focus on the design, synthesis, and evaluation of protease inhibitors. The second chapter details the development of novel proteasome inhibitors, designed as enhancements to well-known proteasome inhibitors, exhibiting in vitro activity in the nanomolar range. The third chapter describes the serendipitous discovery and preparation of a new class of compounds containing a carbamoyl azide functional group as a reactive warhead. These peptidyl carbamoyl azides have been identified as potent inhibitors of cysteine proteases.Programa de Doctorat en Cièncie
Aspiraciones al liderazgo : los roles del liderazgo auténtico y el work engagement
No full textIntroduction : Leadership is vital in the military domain, where decisions impact lives. This study analyses how authentic leadership may influence leadership aspirations, considering work engagement as a mediator. It aims to identify organisational factors that motivate military personnel to advance in their careers. Method : A quantitative design was used with 320 officers from the Uruguayan Army and Navy. Authentic leadership, work engagement and leadership aspirations were measured. Structural equation modelling was applied to analyse direct and indirect relationships, controlling for gender and tenure. Results : The hypothesised model is confirmed, contributing to the idea that authentic leadership outcomes predict variance in military personnel’s leadership aspirations through work engagement. Our results confirm a full mediation model. The model showed good fit and explained 31% of the variance in aspirations. Conclusions : The findings highlight the importance of integrating authentic leadership development into military training to improve work engagement and leadership potential. Future research should consider additional factors such as social identification or self-efficacy that may influence these relationships. Limitations include non-random sampling, sample homogeneity, and the cross-sectional design, which hinder generalizability and causal inference.Introducción : El liderazgo es vital en el ámbito militar, donde las decisiones impactan vidas. Este artículo analiza cómo el liderazgo auténtico podría influir en las aspiraciones de liderazgo, considerando el engagement laboral como mediador. Se busca identificar factores organizacionales que motivan a los militares a avanzar en su carrera. Método : Se utilizó un diseño cuantitativo con 320 oficiales de la Armada y Ejército de Uruguay. Se midieron liderazgo auténtico, engagement laboral y aspiraciones de liderazgo. Se aplicaron modelos de ecuaciones estructurales para analizar relaciones directas e indirectas, controlando género y antigüedad. Resultados : El modelo hipotetizado se confirma, aportando a la idea de que los resultados del liderazgo auténtico predicen la varianza en las aspiraciones de liderazgo de los militares por medio del engagement laboral. Los resultados confirman un modelo de mediación completa. El modelo mostró buen ajuste y explicó el 31 % de la varianza en aspiraciones. Conclusiones : Los hallazgos subrayan la importancia de integrar el desarrollo del liderazgo auténtico en la formación militar para mejorar el engagement laboral y el potencial de liderazgo. Futuras investigaciones deberían considerar factores adicionales, como la identificación social o la autoeficacia, que podrían influir en estas relaciones. Las limitaciones incluyen el muestreo no aleatorio, la homogeneidad de la muestra y el diseño transversal, lo que dificulta generalizar los resultados y establecer causalidades
Reducing Nonradiative Recombination Losses in Tin-Based Perovskite LEDs Utilizing a Self-Assembled Monolayer
No full textTin-based perovskites are emerging as less-toxic alternatives to their lead-based counterparts for optoelectronic devices, such as solar cells and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, despite their great potential, the efficiency of pure red tin-based perovskite LEDs (Sn-LEDs) still lags behind that of lead-based perovskite LEDs (Pb-LEDs), partly due to the poor electron blocking at the PEDOT:PSS/perovskite interface. This leads to detrimental nonradiative recombination pathways that limit the performance of the LEDs. In this study, we replaced the conventional PEDOT:PSS layer with the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) EADR03, presenting, to the best of our knowledge, the first report of a SAM employed as a hole-selective layer in Sn-LEDs. EADR03 simultaneously acted as an efficient electron-blocking and hole-injecting layer, thereby reducing interfacial recombination losses and enhancing the LEDs’ performance. As a result, we achieved a 3-fold enhancement in external quantum efficiency, propelling the advancement of more efficient tin-based perovskite LEDs.Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Jaume
Novel neutral and ionic metal-organic frameworks for sustainable catalytic processes
No full textThis thesis explores new strategies for designing and enhancing the chemical reactivity of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to convert waste into valuable chemical products. MOFs were synthesized in combination with 3D-printed polymers and ionic liquids, forming composite materials with improved catalytic performance due to the high dispersion of active sites. Functionalization was achieved by anchoring amino acids to the MOFs, creating multifunctional materials under mild, environmentally friendly conditions using non-toxic, abundant metals and bio-based ligands. Various synthesis methods based on classical, solvent-assisted, and rapid green, onepot approaches were used to develop and characterize these materials. The resulting MOFs were effective in reactions relevant to waste valorization, such as CO₂ fixation and carbonyl activation, operating under mild conditions without additives. The materials demonstrated superior activity, stability, and reusability, aligning with principles of green and circular chemistry, and contributing to the development of advanced heterogeneous catalysts for sustainable chemical processes.Programa de Doctorat en Química Sostenibl
Metal complexes with naphthalene-diimide and perylene-diimide-based ligands: supramolecular interactions and catalytic implications
No full textCompendi d'articlesThis doctoral thesis delves into the design and development of new ligand precursors and organometallic complexes through the combination of two different types of rylene-diimides (RDIs), with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based ligands. The novelty and interest of the results described in this doctoral thesis can be summarized in the following three points: • We show that imide functionalization of PDI/NDIs with NHC units can be used as a way to generate redox-switchable ligands with application in homogeneous catalysis. • We describe how the catalytic properties of a simple metal complex can be reversibly modified by using tailored-designed redox-switchable rylene-decorated NHC ligands, thus offering a new and simple approach to modulate the catalytic activity and to elucidate or review reaction mechanisms. • We describe and fully characterize a new type of (chloride)lp– π interaction between the chloride ligands of the Ir(III) complex and the heterocycles of the NDI/PDI moieties combining spectroscopic/computational determination of the lp–π interaction.Programa de Doctorat en Cièncie
Filosofía para hacer las paces en diálogo con la Filosofía con niños y niñas: ¿Estamos preparados para escuchar lo que piensan sobre la paz?
No full textDoctorat internacionalLa presente tesis doctoral propone un diálogo entre la Filosofía para hacer las paces y la Filosofía con niños y niñas como una vía para fomentar prácticas educativas orientadas a la paz en las escuelas. Inicialmente, se abordan los fundamentos de la Filosofía para hacer las paces y los principios de la Educación para la paz, destacando sus características y medios pacíficos. Asimismo, se realiza un recorrido por los orígenes y la evolución generacional del programa de Filosofía para niños y niñas, explorando sus fundamentos prácticos. La investigación también plantea una reflexión crítica sobre nuestra disposición para escuchar las voces de la infancia en temas de paz, considerando los valores predominantes en la actualidad. Finalmente, se presenta el proyecto FiloPaz como ejemplo concreto de esta confluencia, ilustrando cómo ambos enfoques filosóficos pueden dialogar y enriquecer la práctica educativa para construir comunidades escolares más pacíficas.This doctoral thesis proposes a dialogue between Philosophy for Making Peace and Philosophy with Children as a way to promote educational practices oriented toward peace in schools. Initially, it addresses the foundations of Philosophy for Making Peace and the principles of Peace Education, highlighting their characteristics and peaceful means. Likewise, it explores the origins and generational evolution of the Philosophy for Children program, examining its practical foundations. The research also offers a critical reflection on our willingness to listen to children's voices on issues of peace, considering the predominant values in today's society. Finally, the FiloPaz project is presented as a concrete example of this convergence, illustrating how both philosophical approaches can engage in dialogue and enrich educational practice to build more peaceful school communities.Programa de Doctorat en Estudis Internacionals de Pau, Conflictes i Desenvolupamen
Diseño de una propuesta para el desarrollo de la competencia digital docente en profesorado universitario. Una investigación basada en el diseño educativo.
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalLa competencia digital docente (CDD) es un elemento clave para responder a las exigencias de un contexto universitario marcado profundamente por la digitalización. A pesar de esta relevancia los esfuerzos institucionales aún suelen ser insuficientes y poco conectados con la práctica docente real. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo el diseño y validación de una estrategia institucional para desarrollar la CDD. El estudio fue realizado en una universidad española, utilizando la metodología de investigación basada en el diseño educativo con un enfoque iterativo y participativo, integrando a diferentes grupos de interés. Las contribuciones de este trabajo incluyen una serie de recomendaciones para el desarrollo de la CDD, implementadas y validadas en el contexto real de una universidad. Destacan aspectos como la conexión de las estrategias institucionales con la práctica docente, la construcción del metalenguaje o el uso de marcos comunes, ofreciendo una serie de principios de diseño extrapolables a contextos similares.Digital teaching competence (DTC) is a key element in responding to the demands of a university context deeply marked by digitalisation. Despite its importance, institutional efforts are still often insufficient and poorly connected to actual teaching practice. This research aims to design and validate an institutional strategy for developing DTC. The study was conducted at a Spanish university, using educational design-based research methodology with an iterative and participatory approach, integrating different interest groups. The contributions of this work include a series of recommendations for the development of DTC, implemented and validated in the real context of a university. Highlights include aspects such as the connection between institutional strategies and teaching practice, the construction of metalanguage and the use of common frameworks, offering a series of design principles that can be extrapolated to similar contexts.Programa de Doctorat en Educaci
Affective annotation of videos from EEG-based crowdsourcing
No full textEnriching multimedia content with affective metadata unlocks opportunities for innovative and enhanced user experiences in recommendation systems, multimedia retrieval, and many other applications. However, it is really challenging to accurately decode human affect. On the one hand, manual procedures for affective annotation are labour-intensive and hardly scalable. On the other hand, content-based approaches rely on the assumption that affective experiences (1) are directly related to the content, (2) are homogeneous for a particular content, and (3) ignore the subjective nature of affective responses. Recent advancements in brain-computer interfacing (BCI) signifies the prospect of partially automating affective annotation by decoding natural affective experiences toward the content. We consider affective annotation of videos based on brainsourcing: crowdsourced affective reactions from brain signals, recorded while participants were watching videos. Our experiments are based on two popular datasets (DEAP and SEED) and three crowdsourcing models. Crowdsourcing models can support affective annotation for all videos in the SEED dataset and most videos in the DEAP dataset. For both datasets and crowdsourcing models, the performance of affective annotation increases with the crowd size and shows increased confidence of the classifiers with larger crowd sizes. For example, the average classification accuracy for binary valence in DEAP is less than 60% for the individual predictions, but increases up to about 70% for a crowd size of six participants and get to about 80% for fourteen participants. Our findings open avenues for utilizing data captured via BCI for understanding and annotating content according to its users’ affective experiences.Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Jaume
Participación de la señalización noradrenérgica fronto-cerebelosa en la adquisición y extinción de la preferencia de lugar condicionada inducida por cocaína
No full textDoctorat internacionalEsta tesis se centra en el estudio del papel del circuito fronto-cerebelar en los procesos de memoria relacionados con drogas de abuso, así como en los efectos de las manipulaciones de los β2-AR sobre memorias asociadas a drogas. Aunque los β-AR han sido ampliamente investigados, gran parte de la investigación previa ha utilizado manipulaciones farmacológicas no específicas que afectan tanto a β1- como a β2-AR, lo que dificulta la determinación de sus contribuciones individuales. Este estudio demuestra un papel específico de los β2-AR en los procesos de memoria relacionados con drogas, centrándose particularmente en la adquisición y extinción de la PLC. Los hallazgos de esta tesis son relevantes y prometedores, aunque es fundamental realizar investigaciones adicionales para profundizar en la comprensión del rol de los β-AR en los procesos de extinción y reconsolidación, para determinar su viabilidad como objetivos terapéuticos dirigidos a trastornos relacionados con la memoria.This thesis emphasizes the role of the mPFC and cerebellum in memory processes related to drugs of abuse, such as cocaine, and explores the effects of β2-AR manipulations on the formation, maintenance, and restoration of drug-related memories. Although β-ARs have been widely studied, much of the previous research has used non-specific pharmacological manipulations affecting both β1- and β2-ARs, making it difficult to determine their individual contributions. This study provides evidence highlighting the specific role of β2-ARs by administering β2-AR receptor agonists and antagonists in drug-related memory processes, particularly focusing on the acquisition and extinction of CPP.Programa de Doctorat en Psicologi
Érase una vez... El género: análisis del lenguaje y la literatura en educación infantil
No full textTreball final de Màster Universitari en Igualtat i Gènere en l'Àmbit Públic i Privat (Pla de 2013). Codi: SRM042. Curs acadèmic 2024 - 2025El presente Trabajo de Fin de Máster tiene como objetivo analizar y reflexionar
críticamente sobre las representaciones de género en la literatura infantil, comparando
cuentos tradicionales y cuentos actuales con perspectiva coeducativa. El interés de este
estudio surge de la necesidad de comprender cómo los relatos, lejos de ser neutros o
inocentes, actúan como dispositivos simbólicos que contribuyen a la socialización de
género desde la primera infancia.
La investigación se enmarca en un enfoque cualitativo, feminista e interseccional, que
concibe la literatura como un espacio de producción cultural atravesado por relaciones
de poder. A partir de un análisis textual y visual, se estudiaron ocho relatos: cuatro
tradicionales (Caperucita Roja, Blancanieves, La Bella Durmiente, La Cenicienta) y
cuatro contemporáneos (Arturo y Clementina, Las princesas también se tiran pedos,
Cuando las niñas vuelan alto, Érase dos veces: La Cenicienta). El análisis se organizó
en torno a siete categorías: protagonismo y agencia, roles y profesiones, expresión
emocional, vínculos familiares y sociales, lenguaje verbal e icónico, diversidad corporal
y cultural, y resolución de conflictos.
La literatura infantil constituye un terreno central en la formación de identidades y en la
transmisión de modelos de género. Este trabajo confirma que, si bien se han dado pasos
significativos hacia la igualdad, la transformación no está exenta de tensiones. La
selección consciente de relatos, junto con una mediación pedagógica crítica, se revela
fundamental para promover una educación no sexista, inclusiva y emancipadora desde
las primeras etapas escolares.This Master’s Thesis, aims to critically analyze the representations of gender in children’s
literature by comparing traditional tales with contemporary stories that adopt a
coeducational perspective. The study seeks to understand how these narratives, far from
being neutral or innocent, act as symbolic devices that contribute to gender socialization
from early childhood.
The research adopts a qualitative, feminist, and intersectional approach, considering
literature as a cultural product deeply intertwined with power relations. A sample of eight
tales was analyzed: four traditional (Little Red Riding Hood, Snow White, Sleeping
Beauty, Cinderella) and four contemporary (Arturo and Clementina, Princesses Also
Fart, When Girls Fly High, Once Upon a Time Again: Cinderella). The analysis was structured around seven categories: protagonism and agency, roles and professions,
emotional expression, family and social bonds, verbal and visual language, bodily and
cultural diversity, and conflict resolution.
Children’s literature emerges as a key arena for the construction of gender and identity.
While progress has been made towards more egalitarian models, these advances
coexist with tensions that highlight the need for ongoing critical reflection. Conscious
selection of stories, alongside pedagogical mediation, proves essential to foster a non-
sexist, inclusive, and emancipatory education from the earliest stages