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Introduction to the Special Issue: “Rurality Beyond Depopulation: What is its Role in the Contemporary Crisis?”
No full textAquest número monogràfic reuneix un conjunt d’aportacions que, des de perspectives teòriques, metodològiques i territorials diverses, analitzen les transformacions contemporànies de l’espai rural i les tensions que travessen la seua articulació amb l’espai urbà, l’Estat i els imaginaris socials dominants. Lluny d’una concepció homogènia o residual de la ruralitat, els treballs que s’hi presenten configuren un escenari complex, marcat per desigualtats estructurals, processos de precarització, noves formes d’agència col·lectiva i disputes simbòliques entorn del sentit del rural en el present.Este número monográfico reúne un conjunto de aportaciones que, desde perspectivas teóricas, metodológicas
y territoriales diversas, analizan las transformaciones contemporáneas del espacio rural y las tensiones que atraviesan
su articulación con el espacio urbano, el Estado y los imaginarios sociales dominantes. Lejos de una concepción homogénea
o residual de la ruralidad, los trabajos que se presentan configuran un escenario complejo, marcado por desigualdades
estructurales, procesos de precarización, nuevas formas de agencia colectiva y disputas simbólicas en torno al
sentido de lo rural en el presente.This special issue brings together a collection of contributions that, from diverse theoretical, methodological, and territorial perspectives, analyze the contemporary transformations of rural space and the tensions that permeate its articulation with urban space, the State, and dominant social imaginaries. Far from a homogeneous or residual conception of rurality, the works presented here configure a complex scenario, marked by structural inequalities, processes of precarization, new forms of collective agency, and symbolic disputes surrounding the meaning of rurality in the present
Memoria Histórica: análisis transdisciplinario del proyecto de la UNESCO “La ruta del esclavo”. Estudio comparado y sistémico.
No full textLa Memoria Histórica se afirma como praxis crítica frente a los silencios de la historiografía hegemónica, incorporando testimonios y saberes subalternos como formas legítimas de conocimiento. La esclavitud transatlántica, eje fundante del capitalismo moderno, ha sido omitida como crimen imprescriptible, y su memoria exige reparación integral y justicia redistributiva. Este trabajo analiza el proyecto La Ruta del Esclavo de la UNESCO como caso de recuperación memorial con implicancias presentes, pese a la distancia epocal. Se examinan similitudes y tensiones con otros marcos de justicia transicional e institucional, en relación con crímenes de lesa humanidad y violaciones a los DD.HH. bajo una hegemonía extractivista excluyente. La mera conmemoración sin transformación refuerza la impunidad, mientras que las luchas afrodescendientes han producido un legado patrimonial que resignifica espacios de subalternidad. Lejos de ser nostálgica, la Memoria Histórica es una herramienta política que confronta el racismo estructural y reactiva genealogías de resistencia emancipadora.Historical Memory stands as a critical praxis against the silences of hegemonic historiography, incorporating subaltern testimonies and knowledge as legitimate forms of understanding. The transatlantic slave trade, a foundational pillar of modern capitalism, has been omitted as a non-prescriptible crime and its memory demands integral reparation and redistributive justice. This work analyzes UNESCO’s Slave Route project as a case of memory recovery with present-day implications despite the historical distance. It examines similarities and tensions with other institutional and transitional justice frameworks concerning crimes against humanity and human rights violations within an exclusionary extractivist order. Mere commemoration without transformation reinforces impunity, while Afro-descendant struggles have produced a heritage that redefines formerly subaltern spaces. Far from nostalgic, Historical Memory is a political tool that confronts structural racism and reactivates genealogies of emancipatory resistance.Programa de Doctorat en Història i Estudis Contemporani
Molecular transport in ion channels beyond electrostatics: nanoscale confinement, interfacial effects and ligand recognition
No full textDoctorat internacionalThis thesis aims to elucidate the mechanisms governing ionic and molecular transport through ion channels beyond the scope of oversimplified classical electrostatic models. By combining electrophysiological, biochemical and theoretical approaches, different biological and synthetic systems are investigated, including the bacterial porin OmpF, the mitochondrial channel VDAC, the peptide Dynorphin A and a synthetic polyimide nanopore. The results reveal that under nanoconfinement, interfacial effects, charge regulation and specific molecular interactions become dominant, leading to transport behaviors that deviate from traditional continuum predictions. In concentrated solutions, a biphasic dependence of transport properties on electrolyte concentration is observed, whereas in dilute regimes, membrane and pore charges critically modulate conductance and selectivity, breaking canonical permeability–selectivity relationships. Furthermore, isoform-specific recognition between VDAC2 and the pro-apoptotic protein BAX is demonstrated, as well as the dual transport behavior of Dynorphin A. Overall, this work shows that nanoscale transport requires an integrated physical perspective, providing new insights for biomimetic nanofluidics and therapeutic strategies.Programa de Doctorat en Cièncie
Diseño e implementación de la estrategia Aula Invertida Gamificada para el desarrollo del pensamiento computacional en la formación inicial docente
No full textCompendi d'articlesEsta tesis doctoral diseña, implementa y evalúa una estrategia didáctica innovadora basada en el modelo de Aula Invertida Gamificada (AIG) para fomentar el pensamiento computacional (PC) en la formación inicial docente. Estructurada como un compendio de cinco publicaciones y sustentada en la Investigación Basada en el Diseño (DBR), la tesis aborda desde la revisión sistemática de la literatura hasta la aplicación empírica del modelo. La estrategia, validada por expertos y aplicada en contextos universitarios reales, combina aula invertida y gamificación mediante recursos digitales y dinámicas activas. Los resultados del diseño cuasiexperimental muestran mejoras significativas en las habilidades de pensamiento computacional, así como una alta motivación y valoración positiva del alumnado respecto a la metodología. Se concluye que el modelo AIG es eficaz para potenciar el aprendizaje y la implicación de los estudiantes proponiéndose como líneas futuras el análisis longitudinal y la transferencia del aprendizaje a la práctica profesional.This doctoral thesis presents the design and evaluation of a Gamified Flipped Classroom (GFC) strategy to develop Computational Thinking (CT) in pre-service teacher education. Structured as a compendium of five publications under a Design-Based Research approach, the intervention was validated by experts and applied iteratively to Early Childhood and Primary Education students. Using a quasi-experimental design, results were contrasted between a control and an experimental group. Findings confirm a significant increase in CT skills within the experimental group, highlighting high motivation and perceived utility among students. The research concludes that the GFC model is highly effective for teaching CT, suggesting future lines of work regarding its longitudinal impact and transfer to professional practice.Programa de Doctorat en Educaci
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of CsPbBr3 Perovskite Nanocrystals for Optoelectronic Applications Resum de la tesi (Anglès)
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalPerovskite nanocrystals have emerged as outstanding materials for optoelectronic applications due to their tunable composition, bright emission, and tolerance to defects. Among them, all-inorganic CsPbBr3 nanocrystals exhibit exceptional photoluminescence and stability, making them ideal for next-generation LEDs. However, conventional hot-injection synthesis is complex, energy-intensive, and unsuitable for scale-up. This Ph.D. thesis explores microwave-assisted synthesis as a fast, sustainable alternative, enabling precise control of crystal size and halide composition while achieving high photoluminescence quantum yields after purification. The resulting nanocrystals were successfully integrated into LEDs, showing sharp emission, high efficiency, and excellent luminance. A life cycle assessment revealed that microwave synthesis dramatically reduces energy consumption compared to conventional methods, without compromising material quality. Overall, this work demonstrates that microwave-assisted strategies combine performance and sustainability, offering a scalable route for high-quality CsPbBr3 nanocrystals and advancing their integration into practical optoelectronic technologies.Programa de Doctorat en Cièncie
Modelling spatio-temporal cluster point processes: a comprehensive study of Hawkes models and their applications
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalPoint processes are essential tools for modelling random phenomena occurring in space, time, or both, allowing analysis of the structure and dependence of discrete events within a continuous domain. Among the different types of processes, cluster processes are those where events tend to occur in close proximity, forming high-density regions. Within this framework, this thesis focuses on spatio-temporal Hawkes processes, a class of self-exciting point processes governed by an intensity function conditional on past events, describing how the occurrence of an event increases the likelihood of additional events in its temporal and spatial proximity. The research provides a comprehensive view of Hawkes processes and, complementarily, log-Gaussian Cox processes, combining literature review, simulation, inference, method comparison, and applications. The results improve the understanding of these clustering patterns, offer practical guidance for their application, and lay the foundations for future advances in the modelling and analysis of spatio-temporal phenomena.Programa de Doctorat en Cièncie
Líquidos iónicos y materiales híbridos sostenibles para aplicaciones en Química Verde
No full textEsta tesis se enmarca en la sostenibilidad y la química verde, destacando el uso de disolventes innovadores, materias primas renovables y procesos catalíticos más respetuosos para avanzar hacia una química segura y ambientalmente responsable. A lo largo de sus capítulos se aborda el diseño, la síntesis y la caracterización de nuevos compuestos, como líquidos iónicos y materiales híbridos, poniendo énfasis en su funcionalidad y versatilidad. También se estudia su aplicación en diversos ámbitos, especialmente en electroquímica, donde permiten desarrollar electrolitos avanzados con propiedades mejoradas. De forma destacada, se analiza su papel en la estabilización de nanopartículas metálicas y en procesos de catálisis heterogénea orientados a la valorización del CO₂ y de compuestos derivados de la biomasa. En conjunto, la tesis contribuye al desarrollo de soluciones químicas más eficientes, sostenibles y alineadas con los principios de la química verde.This doctoral thesis is framed within the field of Green Chemistry and addresses the development of sustainable materials and processes aimed at reducing the environmental impact of the chemical industry. The work focuses on the design and application of ionic liquids, functional polymeric materials, biomass-derived monomers, and hybrid catalysts for carbon dioxide valorization processes. Zwitterionic ionic liquids functionalized with methyl sulfoxide groups are synthesized and characterized, and their thermal behavior and ionic conductivity in mixtures with lithium salts are evaluated for sustainable electrochemical applications. In addition, advanced polymeric materials based on poly(acrylamide-thiolactone) are developed, exhibiting controlled responses to external stimuli such as temperature and carbon dioxide, with potential applications in gas capture and catalysis. Furthermore, green synthetic routes for the production of biomass-derived epoxidized monomers are optimized using sustainable catalytic systems. Finally, heterogeneous catalysts based on ionic liquid-functionalized silica are designed for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to formic acid, demonstrating high efficiency, stability, and recyclability.Programa de Doctorat en Química Sostenibl
Maximizing the efficacy and feasibility of projection-based augmented reality exposure therapy for the treatment of cockroach phobia
No full textCompendi d'articlesIn vivo exposure therapy is the most effective treatment for specific phobias, but it presents limitations in the generalization and long-term maintenance of therapeutic gains. Augmented reality exposure therapy, particularly projection-based augmented reality exposure therapy (P-ARET), emerges as a promising alternative by enabling controlled, safe, and realistic exposure experiences. This thesis focuses on enhancing treatment efficacy through stimulus variability. The main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of varying phobic stimuli during P-ARET for cockroach phobia by comparing single-stimulus (SS) and multiple-stimulus (MS) exposure conditions in a randomized clinical trial (RCT). Four studies were conducted: a systematic review on stimulus and context variability in exposure therapy, the development of an RCT protocol, a single-case study and a RCT. Results showed significant improvements in both conditions, with MS being perceived as more effective despite higher aversiveness. These findings highlight the clinical potential of stimulus variability combined with augmented reality.Programa de Doctorat en Psicologi
Leadership climate optimizes professional self-efficacy to reduce technostrain experience : a multilevel study
No full textThis study examined a multilevel model of leadership climate, professional self-efficacy, and technostrain in a sample of 877 individuals across 76 teams in Spain and Uruguay. We hypothesized that high levels of professional self-efficacy would mediate the relationship between leadership climate and technostrain (i.e., exhaustion, skepticism, anxiety, and inefficacy related to technology use). Our findings reveal that a positive leadership climate significantly boosts professional self-efficacy, which in turn decreases the experience of technostrain. Moreover, perceptions of shared leadership are positively associated with reduced technostrain. In terms of practical implications, the results suggest that leaders can mitigate the technostrain experienced by workers by providing socio-emotional support, facilitating positive experiences with information and communication technology (ICT), and exemplifying ethical conduct in ICT use. Additionally, efficacy beliefs can be optimized through prior training and the perception of technological and social facilitators in the workplace, which will contribute to the development of positive technology experiences at work. Further implications and limitations of the study will be discussed
Diseño e implementación de la estrategia Aula Invertida Gamificada para el desarrollo del pensamiento computacional en la formación inicial docente
No full textCompendi d'articlesEsta tesis doctoral diseña, implementa y evalúa una estrategia didáctica innovadora basada en el modelo de Aula Invertida Gamificada (AIG) para fomentar el pensamiento computacional (PC) en la formación inicial docente. Estructurada como un compendio de cinco publicaciones y sustentada en la Investigación Basada en el Diseño (DBR), la tesis aborda desde la revisión sistemática de la literatura hasta la aplicación empírica del modelo. La estrategia, validada por expertos y aplicada en contextos universitarios reales, combina aula invertida y gamificación mediante recursos digitales y dinámicas activas. Los resultados del diseño cuasiexperimental muestran mejoras significativas en las habilidades de pensamiento computacional, así como una alta motivación y valoración positiva del alumnado respecto a la metodología. Se concluye que el modelo AIG es eficaz para potenciar el aprendizaje y la implicación de los estudiantes proponiéndose como líneas futuras el análisis longitudinal y la transferencia del aprendizaje a la práctica profesional.This doctoral thesis presents the design and evaluation of a Gamified Flipped Classroom (GFC) strategy to develop Computational Thinking (CT) in pre-service teacher education. Structured as a compendium of five publications under a Design-Based Research approach, the intervention was validated by experts and applied iteratively to Early Childhood and Primary Education students. Using a quasi-experimental design, results were contrasted between a control and an experimental group. Findings confirm a significant increase in CT skills within the experimental group, highlighting high motivation and perceived utility among students. The research concludes that the GFC model is highly effective for teaching CT, suggesting future lines of work regarding its longitudinal impact and transfer to professional practice.Programa de Doctorat en Educaci