97828 research outputs found
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Participación de la señalización noradrenérgica fronto-cerebelosa en la adquisición y extinción de la preferencia de lugar condicionada inducida por cocaína
No full textDoctorat internacionalEsta tesis se centra en el estudio del papel del circuito fronto-cerebelar en los procesos de memoria relacionados con drogas de abuso, así como en los efectos de las manipulaciones de los β2-AR sobre memorias asociadas a drogas. Aunque los β-AR han sido ampliamente investigados, gran parte de la investigación previa ha utilizado manipulaciones farmacológicas no específicas que afectan tanto a β1- como a β2-AR, lo que dificulta la determinación de sus contribuciones individuales. Este estudio demuestra un papel específico de los β2-AR en los procesos de memoria relacionados con drogas, centrándose particularmente en la adquisición y extinción de la PLC. Los hallazgos de esta tesis son relevantes y prometedores, aunque es fundamental realizar investigaciones adicionales para profundizar en la comprensión del rol de los β-AR en los procesos de extinción y reconsolidación, para determinar su viabilidad como objetivos terapéuticos dirigidos a trastornos relacionados con la memoria.This thesis emphasizes the role of the mPFC and cerebellum in memory processes related to drugs of abuse, such as cocaine, and explores the effects of β2-AR manipulations on the formation, maintenance, and restoration of drug-related memories. Although β-ARs have been widely studied, much of the previous research has used non-specific pharmacological manipulations affecting both β1- and β2-ARs, making it difficult to determine their individual contributions. This study provides evidence highlighting the specific role of β2-ARs by administering β2-AR receptor agonists and antagonists in drug-related memory processes, particularly focusing on the acquisition and extinction of CPP.Programa de Doctorat en Psicologi
Porn[Time]: study of cognitive processes related to problematic pornography use
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalCurrently, pornography consumption is one of the most prevalent online activities, increasing scientific interest in understanding its effects. In particular, the possibility of developing a pattern of abusive consumption, i.e., problematic pornography use (PPU), is one of the main concern. Therefore, in recent years, part of the literature has focused on the study of the mechanisms and factors involved in the onset and maintenance of PPU. However, evidence remains scarce, especially regarding the involvement of cognitive processes. This doctoral thesis aims to shed light on this issue by studying the involvement and etiological role of attentional inhibitory control, time perception processes, and subjective sexual arousal in PPU and other online problematic behaviors: gaming disorder and problematic binge-watching. Some of the main findings question the theoretical premises that place cognitive and executive processes as central etiopathological factors in problematic online behavior.Programa de Doctorat en Psicologi
De boca en boca: viatge pel món de les rondalles
No full textMàster Universitari en Professor/a d'Educació Secundària Obligatòria i Batxillerat, Formació Professional i Ensenyaments d'Idiomes. Codi: SAP439. Curs acadèmic: 2024/2025Aquest treball final de màster proposa una situació d’aprenentatge per a l’assignatura de Valencià de 2n d’ESO, centrada en les rondalles com a eina educativa. Es parteix de la rondalla Les cuites entre el llop i la rabosa de Pepa Guardiola i es crea una proposta didàctica competencial que integra lectura, dramatització, recerca oral i creació literària. El projecte busca recuperar o, si més no, tindre un contacte directe amb la tradició oral valenciana, fomentar el pensament crític i la creativitat, i reforçar la connexió de l’alumnat amb el territori i la seua cultura. A més, treballa diverses competències clau i específiques del currículum vigent, així com alguns Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible.This master's thesis presents a learning situation for the subject of Valencian Language in the second year of ESO, using folktales as a pedagogical and cultural resource. Based on the story Les cuites entre el llop i la rabosa by Pepa Guardiola, the proposal integrates reading, dramatization, oral history research and literary creation in a competency-based approach. The main goal is to recover, or at least to have direct contact with the Valencian oral tradition, foster critical thinking and creativity, and strengthen students’ connection to their territory and cultural roots. The unit also develops multiple key and specific curriculum competencies and aligns with various Sustainable Development Goals
The impact of the national brands “Marque France” et “Marca España”: analysis of communication strategies and trends in the digital age
No full textL’essor rapide du numérique a transformé nos interactions et communications, soulignant l’importance des données pour comprendre les tendances actuelles. Les humanités numériques offrent une perspective porteuse pour analyser les données recueillies sur le web, notamment celles concernant les marques françaises et espagnoles qui incarnent les valeurs et l’identité de chaque société. En utilisant des méthodologies d’extraction et de traitement automatique des données assistées par l’IA générative, cette étude explore l’évolution et l’impact des marques nationales “Marque France” et “Marca España” sur l’identité, l’image et la performance économique de la France et de l’Espagne. Nous analysons les définitions des termes “marque” et “marca”, ainsi que des initiatives gouvernementales de promotion. Les données provenant de Brand Finance et de Google Trends révèlent l’importance de la cohérence des stratégies de communication et de l’adaptation aux évolutions du marché pour renforcer l’attractivité des marques nationales.El rápido crecimiento de la tecnología digital ha transformado nuestras interacciones y comunicaciones, subrayando la importancia de la minería de datos para comprender las tendencias actuales. Las humanidades digitales ofrecen una perspectiva de largo alcance para analizar los datos recopilados en la web, especialmente aquellos relacionados con las marcas francesas y españolas que encarnan los valores y la identidad de cada sociedad. Utilizando metodologías de extracción y tratamiento automático de datos asistidas por herramientas de IA generativa, este estudio explora la evolución y el impacto de las marcas nacionales “Marque France” y “Marca España” sobre la identidad, la imagen y el desarrollo económico de Francia y España. Analizamos las definiciones de los términos “marque” y “marca”, así como algunas iniciativas gubernamentales de promoción. Los datos procedentes de Brand Finance y Google Trends revelan la importancia de la coherencia de las estrategias de comunicación y de la adaptación a los cambios del mercado para fortalecer el atractivo de las marcas nacionales.The rapid rise of digital technology has transformed our interactions and communications, highlighting the importance of data for understanding current trends. Digital humanities offer a promising perspective for analyzing data collected on the web, particularly that related to French and Spanish brands which embody the values and identity of each society. Using data extraction and automatic data processing methodologies assisted by generative AI, this study explores the evolution and impact of the national brands ‘Marque France’ and ‘Marca España’ on the identity, image, and economic performance of France and Spain. We analyze the definitions of the terms “marque” and “marca”, as well as government promotion initiatives. Data from Brand Finance and Google Trends reveal the importance of coherent communication strategies and adaptation to market changes in strengthening the appeal of national brands
Research on mechanisms for elastic wave energy control and computational functions in meta-structures
No full textCompendi d'articles, CotutelaSince the beginning of this century, metamaterials have rapidly advanced as powerful platforms for manipulating mechanical waves and vibrations beyond natural material capabilities. Elastic waves in solids, with their rich polarization states and boundary interactions, offer unique opportunities but also pose theoretical and practical challenges. Their potential applications in energy suppression, localization, guiding, harvesting, and information processing have attracted broad attention. However, systematic frameworks for understanding and designing such systems remain incomplete. Key challenges include: (i) incomplete design strategies for targeted energy localization and transfer in passive systems; (ii) limited understanding of modal coupling and lossless radiation in open systems; and (iii) unclear mechanisms of spatiotemporal structures as intelligent information carriers for computing. This PhD thesis addresses these issues under the theme of “intelligence” in meta-structures. Four main contributions are presented as follows: First, enhancing the intelligence of the design process through the application of machine learning algorithms. Reinforcement learning and neural networks enable inverse design of meta-rods and meta-plates, realizing band gap width maximization and robust topological states for elastic wave localization and transport. Second, piezoelectric-embedded beams with external circuits introduce active control, transforming closed systems into open ones where modal degeneracy evolves from points to lines and rings, revealing mechanisms of wave localization and chirality-dependent effects. Third, time-modulated impedance interfaces are developed to compensate intrinsic losses, achieving lossless energy radiation in static cavities and enabling multipolar vortex modes via temporal-angular modulation. Fourth, a spatiotemporal magnetic rotors-based mechanical reservoir computing framework is proposed, demonstrating effective nonlinear, nonlocal information processing on benchmark regression and classification tasks.Programa de Doctorat en Cièncie
Carga de enfermedad crónica y su relación con el tipo de enfermedad, calidad de vida y condiciones sociodemográficas en adultos de México.
No full textObjetivos: Adaptar transculturalmente y validar el instrumento para medir carga de la enfermedad crónica para el paciente GCPC-UN en adultos hospitalizados en una ciudad de Veracruz (México). El segundo objetivo consistió en: estudiar la carga de la enfermedad crónica según la enfermedad, nivel de calidad de vida y variables sociodemográficas en adultos hospitalizados en una ciudad de Veracruz. Metodología: estudio observacional, transversal con abordaje cuantitativo para adaptar transculturalmente y validar el instrumento GCPC-UN en una ciudad de Veracruz (México). Se utilizó el instrumento validado para estudiar la carga de la enfermedad crónica y su relación con la calidad de vida y las variables sociodemográficas de la muestra. Resultados: el instrumento para medir carga de la enfermedad crónica GCPC-UN es válido y confiable para su aplicación en el contexto mexicano. Existe correlación negativa entre los dominios de calidad de vida y las dimensiones de carga de la enfermedad crónica.The objective of the study was to culturally adapt and validate the GCPC-UN instrument to measure the burden of chronic disease in adults from a city in Veracruz, Mexico. Additionally, the burden was analyzed according to the type of disease, quality of life, and sociodemographic variables. This was an observational, cross-sectional, and quantitative study, in which the previously validated GCPC-UN instrument was applied. The validation showed a McDonald's Omega of 0.986 for the 46 items. A negative correlation was identified between quality of life domains and the dimensions of disease burden. The main predictors of burden were the frequency of need for care support, the Charlson comorbidity index, and the type of chronic disease. It is concluded that the GCPC-UN is a reliable and useful instrument for assessing disease burden in adults with chronic conditions, and its use is recommended in nursing practice.Programa de Doctorat en Ciències de la Infermeri
La receptividad de la traducción al italiano de autores latinoamericanos en el público juvenil hispanófono: estudio de la Scuola Italiana di Montevideo
No full textEsta investigación doctoral analiza cómo estudiantes hispanohablantes de la Scuola Italiana di Montevideo reciben la literatura latinoamericana traducida al italiano. A partir de un estudio de caso, se examinan los factores que inciden en esta receptividad, como el origen del autor, las decisiones docentes y el marco institucional. Se estudian antologías escolares, enfoques didácticos empleados (como el CLIL y la traducción pedagógica) y trayectorias del profesorado. La tesis propone el concepto de “literatura traducida de reinserción”, una categoría original para pensar textos que, mediante la traducción, regresan al contexto donde fueron producidos, a través de una lengua de estudio. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes valoran más los textos cuando se vinculan con sus intereses y experiencias, y que la nacionalidad del autor tiene un peso menor. Aunque el entorno normativo favorece el uso de literatura traducida, su integración didáctica no siempre se explicita. El trabajo combina análisis documental, entrevistas y encuestas a estudiantes.This doctoral research analyzes how Spanish-speaking students at the Scuola Italiana di Montevideo engage with Latin American literature translated into Italian. Using a case study approach, it examines the factors influencing this reception, such as the author’s origin, teachers’ decisions, and the institutional framework. The study explores school anthologies, teaching approaches employed (such as CLIL and pedagogical translation), and teachers’ trajectories. The dissertation introduces the concept of “reinsertion translated literature,” an original category for considering texts that, through translation, return to the context in which they were produced, via a study language. The findings show that students value texts more when they are connected to their interests and experiences, and that the author’s nationality carries less weight. Although the regulatory framework supports the use of translated literature, its didactic integration is not always made explicit. The research combines documentary analysis, interviews, and student surveys.Programa de Doctorat en Llengües Aplicades, Literatura i Traducci
Tin-based perovskites for optoelectronic applications
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalGiven the need for sustainable energy alternatives and the environmental impact of fossil fuels, this thesis explores tin-based halide perovskites (Sn-HPs) as an eco-friendly option compared to the traditional lead-based perovskites materials in solar cells and LEDs. This thesis tackles the main challenges limiting Sn-HPs, such as instability and oxidation, through three innovative studies. First, the use of additives like DipI and NaBH₄ significantly improves solar cell efficiency and long-term stability. Second, inkjet printing technology is applied to create lead-free, flexible PeLEDs, demonstrating scalable and industrially relevant fabrication methods. Third, a low-cost synthesis of 2D and 3D Sn-HPs microcrystals using acetic acid enhances stability and performance in light-emitting devices, with emissions from orange to near-infrared. These advances contribute to more durable, efficient, and scalable Sn-HPs technologies, bringing us closer to greener solutions in renewable energy and optoelectronics.Programa de Doctorat en Cièncie
Experiencias adversas en la infancia y su relación con el bienestar en jóvenes adultos: salud física y mental
No full textCompendi d'articlesLa presente tesis examina el impacto de las Experiencias Adversas en la Infancia (ACEs) sobre la salud física y mental durante la adultez emergente, considerando variables culturales y contextuales específicas de España y Latinoamérica. El Estudio 1 se centró en una muestra de jóvenes españoles, abordando el impacto de las ACEs sobre la salud física, un aspecto poco explorado en esta etapa vital. El Estudio 2 analizó la relación entre las ACEs, las estrategias de afrontamiento y la manifestación de rasgos psicopáticos y altruistas. Este estudio incorpora un enfoque innovador al considerar combinaciones específicas de ACEs en lugar de analizarlas de forma aislada. El Estudio 3 se desarrolló con una muestra de jóvenes latinoamericanos, ampliando el análisis hacia ACEs expandidas, que incluyen factores económicos y sociales relevantes en ese contexto. La tesis propone estrategias de intervención culturalmente sensibles, orientadas a la prevención y tratamiento del impacto adverso de las mismas.This thesis examines the impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) on physical and mental health during emerging adulthood, taking into account cultural and contextual variables specific to Spain and Latin America. Study 1 focused on a sample of Spanish young adults, addressing the impact of ACEs on physical health—an area that has received little attention during this life stage. Study 2 analysed the relationship between ACEs, coping strategies, and the manifestation of psychopathic and altruistic traits. This study adopts an innovative approach by considering specific combinations of ACEs rather than analysing them in isolation. Study 3 was conducted with a sample of Latin American young adults, expanding the analysis to include expanded ACEs, which take into account economic and social factors relevant to that context. The thesis proposes culturally sensitive intervention strategies aimed at preventing and addressing the adverse impact of such experiences.Programa de Doctorat en Estudis Internacionals de Pau, Conflictes i Desenvolupamen
Metal complexes with naphthalene-diimide and perylene-diimide-based ligands: supramolecular interactions and catalytic implications
No full textCompendi d'articlesThis doctoral thesis delves into the design and development of new ligand precursors and organometallic complexes through the combination of two different types of rylene-diimides (RDIs), with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based ligands. The novelty and interest of the results described in this doctoral thesis can be summarized in the following three points: • We show that imide functionalization of PDI/NDIs with NHC units can be used as a way to generate redox-switchable ligands with application in homogeneous catalysis. • We describe how the catalytic properties of a simple metal complex can be reversibly modified by using tailored-designed redox-switchable rylene-decorated NHC ligands, thus offering a new and simple approach to modulate the catalytic activity and to elucidate or review reaction mechanisms. • We describe and fully characterize a new type of (chloride)lp– π interaction between the chloride ligands of the Ir(III) complex and the heterocycles of the NDI/PDI moieties combining spectroscopic/computational determination of the lp–π interaction.Programa de Doctorat en Cièncie