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Project ATTAIN: Advancing Trauma-Informed Care for Youth with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and/or Gender Diverse Youth
Get PDFChildren with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) and/or gender diversity are at higher risk of experiencing trauma. Provider knowledge is lacking; trauma, disability, and LGBTQ+ resources are often siloed; and few providers screen for trauma in this population. This paper describes the design, delivery, and initial evaluation of Project ATTAIN (Access to Trauma-informed Treatment and Assessment for Neurodivergent and/or Gender-expansive Youth).
ATTAIN is an ongoing 5-year state-wide initiative aiming to assess readiness to engage in new roles and practices over time; provide state-wide training and consultation in trauma, disability, and LGBTQ+-informed practices; install screening and assessment of trauma exposure and PTSD and quality of life into IDD and gender service settings; and include people with lived experience. A readiness assessment identified pre-training gaps between role responsibilities and practice engagement across five professional sectors serving our target population (n=39) in LGBTQ+-, disability-, and trauma-informed practices. We learned that specific sectors would benefit from introductory training to increase buy-in and promote role expansion; others would benefit from advanced instruction and implementation support. So far, we have trained 966 unique providers in trauma-informed care and have seen changes in the attitudes or perspectives of participants. Participants were highly satisfied with our provided training and saw increased knowledge across training. We screened 49 people in an IDD service setting for PTSD and quality of life. Two people with lived experience are active members of our research team, participating in project planning, training delivery, and manuscript authorship.
Individuals who work with IDD and/or gender-diverse youth would benefit from increased training to expand their knowledge on LGBTQ+-, disability-, and trauma-informed practices. In year three, we intend to continue outreach and evidence-informed training focused on the intersection of trauma, IDD, and gender diversity. Ongoing evaluation of our outreach, training, and screening efforts will continue to inform program activities
Professional Development Strategies for Treating People with IDD and Mental Health Needs
Get PDFPeople with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) experience significant health and mental health inequities and difficulties accessing care. There are few initiatives that train mental health professionals to care and advocate for the health and mental health care needs of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
We developed a Mental Health and Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Professional Learning Community (PLC) with Clinical Education Teams (CET) training components through The National Center for START (Systemic-Therapeutic-Assessment-Resources-Treatment) Services® to further educate providers in the United States. The National Center for START Services® utilizes multiple training and collaboration forums to build the expertise and capacity of community members and service providers caring for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and mental health disorders. The PLC and CETs are two of these forums.
In this study, we describe the development of and examine outcomes related to a nine-session virtual series for doctorate-level psychologists and psychiatric prescribers. Anonymous pre- and post-surveys assessed knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-reported practice behaviors. Session satisfaction surveys were collected after each session. One-hour focus group feedback meetings were held one month, and six months post the virtual education series and were coded utilizing a modified content analysis approach.
A total of 16 participants consented to be a part of the research evaluation of this virtual education series. Upon completion of the series, these participants reported improvements in various domains including utilizing a strengths-based biopsychosocial approach, comfort in caring for people with mental health conditions and IDD, and self-reported knowledge about the mental health aspect of IDD. Additionally, the providers noted an increase in access to a national network of participants who care for people with IDD. Overall, the participants endorsed a high level of satisfaction with the sessions and series.
The Professional Learning Community using Clinical Education Team training components is a model for connecting and educating medical professionals. Building a professional learning community that unites practitioners who care for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities offers valuable opportunities to increase comfort and knowledge, connect providers, and help improve wellbeing of people with IDD
Experimental Nonnative Wood Addition Enhances Instream Habitat for Native Fishes and Investigating Dryland River Alterations
Get PDFThe rivers of the Colorado River Basin (CRB) have been degraded by human activities such flow regulation, water overallocation, and the introduction of invasive riparian vegetation (primarily tamarisk tamarix spp. and Russian olive Elaeagnus angustifolia). These stressors have resulted in widespread habitat loss and simplification, which is a major contributor to the endangerment of native fishes in the CRB.
The objectives of this study were to 1) assess the effectiveness of enhancing native fish habitat by experimentally adding cut wood from nonnative Russian olive to the San Juan River, a highly degraded dryland river, and 2) determine the magnitude of channel narrowing and vegetation encroachment over time, which are indicators of riverine habitat alteration, for three dryland CRB tributaries. Addressing these objectives can provide valuable insights to assist managers in more effectively restoring habitats for endangered native fish species.
Our results indicate that wood addition can lead to increased local abundances of native fishes, which is likely due to the increased food resources and higher habitat quality that wood addition facilitated. Additionally, we demonstrated that all three study rivers underwent substantial vegetation encroachment and channel narrowing, the latter of which coincided with a general decrease in river flows over time, with large decreases in flows corresponding to more pronounced channel narrowing. We therefore provide evidence supporting nonnative wood addition as an effective management action for enhancing native fish habitat while also underscoring the magnitude of river alteration in the region. Our findings emphasize that, when possible, preserving or restoring natural flows should be prioritized for the effective conservation of dryland rivers. In systems where managing flows is not feasible, managers may consider non-flow methods, like adding in-stream wood, to improve native fish habitats
Effects of Design Thinking Instructional Strategies on Design Skill Acquisition: A Meta-Analysis
Get PDFIn today\u27s educational landscape, design thinking has emerged as a vital skill for the 21st century, becoming ingrained in curricula from kindergarten through post-secondary education. However, despite its widespread integration, there exists a notable absence of quantitative evidence supporting effective instructional approaches for fostering cognitive design skills. Various initiatives have aimed to explore how individuals acquire cognitive design competencies and to catalog instructional methods that facilitate this process. Nevertheless, existing quantitative research on the topic is fragmented across diverse fields and lacks a cohesive synthesis. This study endeavors to fill this gap through a meta-analysis focusing on two primary objectives essential for informing effective design instruction. Firstly, it evaluates the effectiveness of instructional strategies in nurturing design skill development. Secondly, it identifies the foundational knowledge necessary for skill acquisition. By synthesizing available quantitative studies on design thinking learning interventions, this meta-analysis seeks to shed light on the impact of instructional approaches on students\u27 development of design thinking skills. Through this analysis, we aim to provide educators and policymakers with evidence-based insights to enhance design education practices
Development and Testing of an 8-Bit Digitally Throttled Hybrid Rocket Motor
Get PDFHybrid rocket motors that use a solid fuel grain and liquid oxidizer are low-cost and safer alternatives to traditional rocket motors. Another benefit of hybrid rocket motors is that during a burn, the amount of oxidizer into the combustion chamber can be changed, this capability is called throttling. To take advantage of the throttling ability of hybrid rocket motors, a throttling valve made up of 8 individually controlled valves is designed, developed, and tested, which is documented in this thesis. The results of the testing campaign show that the 8-bit digital throttling valve technology is an effective throttling technology and can help hybrid rocket motors become a more widely used propulsion alternative in a wide range of spaceflight applications
The Effects of Ammonia on the Functionality of Bovine Granulosa Cells
Get PDFIt is common practice in the livestock animal production industries to feed high levels of protein to maximize the yield of each animal in production. However, diets high in protein can cause decreased reproductive success within these animals. The causes behind this decrease are not fully understood. Increased dietary protein leads to increased levels of both ammonia and urea in the blood of the animal. These increased metabolite levels may be a possible explanation for the decline in reproductive success. The goal of this study is to identify how various levels of ammonia affect the function of bovine granulosa cells in vitro. The cells used for these experiments were harvested from abattoir-derived bovine ovaries. After the cells were established in culture, they were exposed to media containing 1 mM, 2 mM, 3 mM, 4 mM, 5 mM, 6 mM, and 7 mM ammonia for 24 hours. The cells were then evaluated for viability, proliferation rates, gene expression, cellular stress, and hormone production. There were significant changes in proliferation between the control and the 6mM ammonia group, and the control and the 7 mM ammonia group. There was also a significant impact on viability in the 7 mM ammonia group. Ten out of twenty-five genes involved in steroidogenesis, redox reactions, or solute transport from our analysis showed significant changes due to ammonia treatment. There were no significant changes in hormone production or reactive oxygen species in response to ammonia treatment. The levels of ammonia that induced the changes noted are above normal physiological levels but are achievable in vivo depending on the amounts of protein in an animal’s diet. This study shows that granulosa cells are in some ways impacted by varying levels of ammonia. Future studies will reveal how the changes to these granulosa cells under these conditions might impact the ovarian follicular microenvironment, subsequent oocyte maturation and embryo development, and reproductive performance in general
Understanding Lightning Damage Formation in a Carbon-Epoxy Pultruded Rod Stitched Efficient Unitized Structure (PRSEUS) Composite
No full textLightning damage to composite aircraft structures results from a concurrent and sequential interaction between arc discharge multi-physics and the anisotropic electrical and thermal composite properties. In this study, the impact of nominal 50 and 125 kA lightning strikes on damage formation in a carbon-epoxy Pultruded Rod Stitched Efficient Unitized Structure (PRSEUS) was investigated. A combination of visual inspection, ultrasonic phased array testing, destructive sectioning, and various microscopy techniques was employed to characterize the damage. Localized damage, including severe matrix decomposition, melting of polyester warp-knitting yarns, fiber splitting, and large-scale delamination, was confined to the immediate vicinity of the lightning attachment point and was accompanied by more diffuse surface damage (i.e., widespread small-scale split fiber tufts and surface primer scorching). The severity and extent of internal damage increased with higher lightning current intensities but was limited to the outermost nine-ply warp-knitted skin stack. Electrically non-conductive through-thickness Vectran™ stitches and polyester warp-knitting yarns had a profound effect in mitigating lightning damage formation. These results suggest that such through-thickness reinforcement can dramatically enhance the lightning damage resistance and tolerance of composite aircraft structures
Virus del marchitamiento manchado del tomate en tomates y pimientos
Get PDFEn Utah, el virus del marchitamiento manchado del tomate (TSWV, por sus siglas en inglés) comúnmente afecta a tomates, pimientos y tomatillos