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Capsaicin represses transcriptional activity of β-catenin in human colorectal cancer cells
Full text linkCapsaicin is a pungent ingredient in chili red peppers and has been linked to suppression of growth in various cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanism(s) by which capsaicin induces growth arrest and apoptosis of cancer cells is not completely understood. In the present study, we investigated whether capsaicin alters β-catenin-dependent signaling in human colorectal cancer cells in vitro. Exposure of SW480, LoVo, and HCT-116 cells to capsaicin suppressed cell proliferation. Transient transfection with a β-catenin/T-cell factor (TCF)-responsive reporter indicated that capsaicin suppressed the transcriptional activity of β-catenin/TCF. Capsaicin treatment resulted in a decrease of intracellular β-catenin levels and a reduction of transcripts from the β-catenin gene (CTNNB1). These results were confirmed by a reduced luciferase reporter activity driven by promoter-reporter construct containing the promoter region of the Catnb gene. In addition, capsaicin destabilized β-catenin through enhancement of proteosomal-dependent degradation. Western blot and immunoprecipitation studies indicated that capsaicin treatment suppressed TCF-4 expression and disrupted the interaction of TCF-4 and β-catenin. This study identifies a role for the β-catenin/TCF-dependent pathway that potentially contributes to the anti-cancer activity of capsaicin in human colorectal cancer cells.Keywords: β-catenin, Colorectal cancer, Capsaicin, TCF-4Keywords: β-catenin, Colorectal cancer, Capsaicin, TCF-
Estimating agreement coefficients from sample survey data
Full text linkWe present a generalized estimating equations approach for estimating the concordance correlation coefficient and the
kappa coefficient from sample survey data. The estimates and their accompanying standard error need to correctly account
for the sampling design. Weighted measures of the concordance correlation coefficient and the kappa coefficient, along with
the variance of these measures accounting for the sampling design, are presented. We use the Taylor series linearization
method and the jackknife procedure for estimating the standard errors of the resulting parameter estimates. Body
measurement and oral health data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey are used to illustrate
this methodology.Keywords: Generalized estimating equations, Sample weighting, Concordance correlation coefficient, Stratification, Taylor series linearization, Kappa coefficient, Jackknife estimator, ClusteringKeywords: Generalized estimating equations, Sample weighting, Concordance correlation coefficient, Stratification, Taylor series linearization, Kappa coefficient, Jackknife estimator, Clusterin
Evergreen Licences, Resource Shares and Share Trading – Taking Them Out Of The 'Too Hard Basket'
Full text linkIn 2007 the Fisheries Management Act passed through the South Australian parliament. The Act includes several new provisions which substantially changed the nature of commercial fishing rights, resource sharing between competing sectors and rights based management.
These interrelated provisions include: (1) Commercial licences are issued for the duration of a management plan;
(2) Requirement for a replacement management plan to come into effect on the expiry of the existing plan; (3) That each management plan specify the share of aquatic resources to be allocated to each fishing sector under the plan (based on existing shares, which must be quantified); (4) Requirement for an open and transparent process for determining the method for adjusting allocations of aquatic resources between the different fishing sectors during the term of the plan; and (5) Provision for compensation to persons whose licences or licence entitlements are compulsorily acquired in order to reduce the share of aquatic resources allocated to the commercial fishing sector and increase the share allocated to another sector. The 5 provisions, when considered as a package, have in effect established evergreen commercial fishing licences, explicit resource shares for sectors accessing a fishery and transparent compensable processes for resource share adjustments. A number of management plans are now in place which meet these new requirements of the Act. The resultant management planning process, plan provisions impacts on the strength of fishing rights and management are presented.Keywords: Fisheries Economics, Fisheries Management, Management, Regulation and Marine ReservesKeywords: Fisheries Economics, Fisheries Management, Management, Regulation and Marine Reserve
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No full textThis thesis is an effort to formalize and document some of the changes occuring in the Warwar Valley of Gongola State, Nigeria, West Africa. The documentation will comprise a photographic study over time accompanied by an ethnographic narrative. Information gathered from photographic images, field notes and the anthropological record will then be applied to a cultural-ecological model based on the theory of Julian Steward. The Mambilla people inhabiting the Warwar Valley are changing their traditional agricultural land use patterns and value system due to the influx of new ideas, notably the introduction of a cash economy. This cultural change has affected environmental change, observable in soil erosion
WaltonV.HorticultureUsingComparativeGenomicsSupplementaryMaterialTableS2.xlsx
No full textDrosophila suzukii (Spotted Wing Drosophila) has recently become a serious invasive pest of fruit crops in the USA, Canada, and Europe, leading to substantial economic losses. D. suzukii is a direct pest, ovipositing directly into ripe or ripening fruits; in contrast, other Drosophilids utilize decaying or blemished fruits and are nuisance pests at worst. Immature stages of D. suzukii are difficult to differentiate from other Drosophilids, posing problems for research and for meeting quarantine restrictions designed to prevent the spread of this pest in fruit exports. Here we used a combined phylogenetic and bioinformatic approach to discover genetic markers suitable for a species diagnostic protocol of this agricultural pest. We describe a molecular diagnostic for rapid identification of single D. suzukii larva using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Our molecular diagnostic was validated using nine different species of Drosophila for specificity and 19 populations of D. suzukii from different geographical regions to ensure utility within species.Keywords: species-specific PCR, invasive pest, spotted wing drosophila, comparative genomics, Drosophila suzukiiKeywords: species-specific PCR, invasive pest, spotted wing drosophila, comparative genomics, Drosophila suzuki
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No full textA significant number of III users have implemented WebBridge as their OpenURL linking solution -- however a far fewer number have moved to integrate WebBridge into many of their other services like the catalog, ILL or beyond. This presentation will discuss two topics: first, how WebBridge can be used to integrate resources within ones ILS and second, developing scripts to work around WebBridge to provide better integration with ILL services or direct DOI requesting. This program does assume that attendees have some familiarity with III’s WebBridge product
SlabaughMaryCropSoilSciGenesAffectingNovelSupp4TableS3.xls
No full textThe seed oil of meadowfoam, a new crop in the Limnanthaceae family, is highly enriched in very long chain fatty acids that are desaturated at the Δ5 position. The unusual oil is desirable for cosmetics and innovative industrial applications and the seed meal remaining after oil extraction contains glucolimnanthin, a methoxylated benzylglucosinolate whose degradation products are herbicidal and anti-microbial. Here we describe EST analysis of the developing seed transcriptome that identified major genes involved in biosynthesis and assembly of the seed oil and in glucosinolate metabolic pathways. mRNAs encoding acyl-CoA Δ5 desaturase were notably abundant. The library was searched for simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Fifty-four new SSR markers and eight candidate gene markers were developed and combined with previously developed SSRs to construct a new genetic map for Limnanthes alba. Mapped genes in the lipid biosynthetic pathway encode 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase (KCS), Δ5 desaturase (Δ5DS), lysophosphatidylacyl-acyl transferase (LPAT), and acyl-CoA diacylglycerol acyl transferase (DGAT). Mapped genes in glucosinolate biosynthetic and degradation pathways encode CYP79A, myrosinase (TGG), and epithiospecifier modifier protein (ESM). The resources developed in this study will further the domestication and improvement of meadowfoam as an oilseed crop.Keywords: Desaturase, Limnanthes, KCS, Glucolimnanthin, Meadowfoam, LPATKeywords: Desaturase, Limnanthes, KCS, Glucolimnanthin, Meadowfoam, LPA
Predation_Thesis_Jose_Solis.pdf
No full textVibrio cholerae a major health problem in developing countries because of its ability to cause the disease cholera in humans. As V. cholerae bacteria are common inhabitants of temperate marine and brackish water environments worldwide, they are subject to intense top-down pressure by amoebae, which can affect their survival and replication in natural reservoirs. In these environments, interactions with amoebae, single celled eukaryotic predators of bacteria, are inevitable. This study examined the interactions between a model amoeboid predator, Acanthamoeba castellanii, and diverse strains of V. cholerae to better understand the adaptations of these bacteria to eukaryotic grazing pressure over 48 hours. Our analysis showed that V. cholerae TP (non-pathogenic GFP variant) and AR4100 (pathogenic GFP variant) increased growth (TP growth difference: 4.29-fold, AR4100 growth difference: 4.67- fold) when co-cultured with A. castellanii in comparison to E. coli co-culture, while SIO (non- pathogenic GFP variant) had no growth difference (SIO growth difference: -1.05-fold). In general, V. cholerae isolates induced cyst formation in amoebae within 48 hours and remained viable after ingestion. These findings suggest that complex predator-prey relations may ultimately impact the survival of strains of these potential pathogens in the environmental reservoirs in significantly different ways, changing the population structure of these organisms in their communities.Keywords: Pathogenesis, Amoeba phenotypic changes, Bacterial viability, Top down pressure, Predation prey interactions, Biofilm formationKeywords: Pathogenesis, Amoeba phenotypic changes, Bacterial viability, Top down pressure, Predation prey interactions, Biofilm formatio
Re-envision subject guides? A Snap with Library à la Carte!
No full textOregon State University Libraries tossed out our old subject guides and re-imagined them as dynamic, interactive and user-centered. We adapted our freely available open source tool, Library à la Carte, and created guides that appeal to students by including Web 2.0 applications alongside traditional library resources. OSU librarians easily make, update and publish guides. The guides are an inviting entrée for students new to disciplinary research. New subject guides were released in fall 2008.Keywords: Library à la Carte, Subject GuidesKeywords: Library à la Carte, Subject Guide