79717 research outputs found
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Uncovering the AI-copyright trap
No full textAs AI tools proliferate, law and policy makers are being called upon to protect creators and the cultural industries from the extractive, exploitative, and even existential threats posed by generative AI. Professor Carys Craig warns that, in our haste to act, we risk running headlong into a copyright trap. In this presentation, Craig will explain what she means by the “AI copyright trap”, the routes by which it draws people in, and why it threatens to obstruct the path towards responsible and ethical AI. (Note: Presentation delivered online on August 26, 2025, as part of the AI Literacy Center's programming)
Wideband Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) Radar Transceivers with Self-Interference Cancellation at mm-Wave and X-band
No full textFrequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar technology has become indispensable across numerous fields due to its capability to simultaneously measure range and velocity with exceptional accuracy. This technology is particularly critical in the automotive industry, where millimeter-wave FMCW radars are integral to advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). Beyond automotive uses, X-band FMCW radars are extensively employed in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems for earth observation and remote sensing. The versatility of FMCW radar also extends to medical and healthcare applications, where it is utilized for non-contact vital sign monitoring, such as detecting heartbeats and respiration rates.
However, the simultaneous operation of the transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) within the same frequency band—while beneficial for bandwidth efficiency and increased system data rates—results in a portion of the strong TX signal leaking into the RX path, creating self-interference (SI) that degrades system performance.
In this work, two novel self-interference cancellation (SIC) methods are proposed and applied to millimeter-wave and X-band FMCW radars. These methods are designed to mitigate the trade-off between RX linearity and noise figure caused by TX self-interference. The focus is on minimizing noise degradation from the added SIC path while managing large TX SI signals. Additionally, a wideband FMCW radar transmitter is presented, showcasing state-of-the-art performance for high-resolution radars at both X-band and millimeter-wave frequencies
Stable statewide cash rents for Oregon agricultural land mask large changes across counties in 2024
No full textThis is an annually updated article based on the US Department of Agriculture's cash rent estimates. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo
Slowing metastasis : temperature testing of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer carcinoma cells
No full textMDA-MB-231 (isolated at MD Anderson from a pleural effusion of a patient with invasive ductal carcinoma cells) are epithelial, human breast cancer cells. These cells have a unique ability to elect a single cell that configures its cellular shape into an arrow-like configuration that cuts through breast tissue, creating a tunnel for other cells to follow through to a more favorable position in the body. To test this ability, we have been running these cells, treated with enhanced red, blue and green fluorescence for better visibility, through programmed and etched bronze plate mazes to study this movement. My project was to study if significant temperature changes, whether hypothermic or hyperthermic, hinder the mobility of these cells and their ability to traverse these mazes and consequently their ability to travel through the body through temperature treatments. On the microscope plate that simulates the human body, the temperature was adjusted to hypothermic internal body temperatures of the range 26° C-35° C, and then fever temperatures ranging between 38°C and 42° C. Hypothermic treatments are currently mainly used to treat cardiac arrest patients, but if found to be useful in the context of cancer treatment, it may be an effective tool. The cells are then run through the mazes as normal to see if their movement is halted or slowed. At the end of this experiment, it was found that hyperthermic treatments slowed the movement of the cells the most
Synergy? Painting and Engineering: A transdisciplinary approach to a community-driven, marine energy, design project in Sitka, Alaska
No full textThis project integrates visual art and engineering to research a potential wave energy converter deployment in Sitka, Alaska. The study follows the guidelines of “community-drive design,” a holistic design approach that emphasizes supporting and engaging with communities through all phases of a development. The thesis progressed through three stages. First, seasonal and full-time deployment strategies were compared using non-traditional metrics such as global environmental and local economic impacts. Results suggested a seasonal-deployment scheme could reduce CO2 emissions and boost local jobs. This impacts framework could benefit other energy developments. Second, the team visited Sitka to assess Sitka’s capacity to host a wave energy project. Conversations with locals underlined the importance of community-driven design. Third, a series of three paintings was created using notes and photos from the Sitka trip. These paintings exercised a variety of art approaches, but successfully articulated non-verbal observations. The next step will be to gauge the value and relevance of the painting series by sharing it with communities and developers. Overall, this project demonstrated the transdisciplinary benefits of combining art and engineering, revealing how creativity and logical critical thinking can be blended to achieve meaningful outcomes.Keywords: Community-Driven Design, Wave Energy Convertor, Transdisciplinar
What is Human? Existential Riddles in Biology
No full textEssentialism and existentialism offer divergent lenses through which to view human nature, drawing from both philosophical and biological realms. As a result, examining the arguments and ideas presented by essentialism and existentialism can help determine the essence of human existence. The journey begins with an examination of theories presented by chosen Western philosophers such as Aristotle, who discuss the essence of essentialist views in both philosophy and biology. Throughout history, essentialist ideas often transition into existentialist perspectives presented by philosophers such as Simone de Beauvoir and José Ortega y Gasset. This transition unfolds a rich tapestry of contrasting notions between schools of philosophy. Essentialism asserts the existence of fixed, inherent qualities that define human essence. Meanwhile, existentialism focuses on the dynamic and contingent nature of human existence, shaped by individual experiences and choices. The integration of these perspectives with insights from biology further enriches the discourse, revealing the intricate connection between science, psychological, and transcendent dimensions of human life. Beyond theoretical and historical discussions, essentialism and existentialism hold practical significance in society by discussing the impact of philosophy on politics, medicine, and the ethics of humanity. Furthermore, there are several criticisms and critiques of essentialism and existentialism regarding reductionism, determinism, and moral implications, which allows for a personal reflection on the implications of these ideas in philosophy, biology, healthcare, and society. Ultimately, this discussion advocates for a holistic understanding of human nature that embraces both essentialist and existentialist perspectives, acknowledging the interconnectedness of biological, psychological, and existential dimensions of human existence.Keywords: Essentialism, existentialism, human nature, biology, philosophy, medicine, interdisciplinary, ethic
Engineering Data Repositories and Open Science Compliance: A Guide for Engineering Faculty and Librarians - Repository List
No full textA list of engineering data repositories evaluated according to the National Science and Technology Council "Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories for Federally Funded Research", in association with the article "Engineering Data Repositories and Open Science Compliance: A Guide for Engineering Faculty and Librarians
Digital Image Correlation Analysis of Uniform Deformation and Necking in Solid-State Welded Nanocrystalline Aluminum via High-Pressure Torsion
No full textSolid-state welding of Al 1043 sheets is achieved via high-pressure torsion (HPT) processing to produce bulk nanostructured Al disks. A homogeneous nanostructure without segregation is observed, with grain sizes of ≈430–470 nm. Miniature tensile testing, coupled with the digital image correlation (DIC) technique, is employed to determine the room-temperature tensile deformation behavior, particularly the nonuniform behavior with necking, of the HPT-bonded ultrafine-grained (UFG) aluminum, comparing it with annealed coarse-grained counterpart. The HPT-bonded UFG Al exhibits a large fraction of post-necking strain, which is supported by the estimated high strain rate sensitivity value of m = 0.085, suggesting the delay of local necking leading to tensile fracture. Detailed DIC analysis reveals prolonged diffuse necking, thus delaying local necking, in the HPT-bonded UFG Al, while the annealed samples show high fractions of local necking during the nonuniform deformation. Moreover, the DIC data illustrate that local necking predominantly occurred at a limited neck zone, maintaining a plateau strain distribution at the out-of-neck zone throughout necking deformation toward tensile failure for both annealed and UFG aluminum. The DIC method offers an alternative means to demonstrate the transition in necking behaviors of materials by estimating the plastic lateral contraction exponent
Does Athleticism Moderate Reactions to Diverse Images?
No full textThere is significant evidence that an increase in social media usage causes changes to mood and feelings about the self. It has also been found that there is a significant relationship between the extent of social media usage consumption and self-perception. Mimicking social media exposure, I focused on how participants immediately reacted to images of food, exercise, and nature, measuring three types of mood. I also tested if the effects would vary as a function of how much participants were active on social media, and if they were a student-athlete or not. I found that being a student-athlete or not did not have any direct significant effect on reactions to images as measured by mood, but the type of image (food, exercise, or nature) played a role, with images of food producing the biggest impact on a participant’s feelings. There was also a significant interaction effect. These results demonstrate that everyone is susceptible to the effects of certain forms of images.Keywords: Social network theory, mood, athleticism, diet culture and social medi
Phosphorylation of SARS-CoV-2 N Protein Inhibits Self-Association in Linker Region
No full textThe nucleocapsid protein (N) of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for virus replication, genome packaging, evading host immunity, and virus maturation. N is a multidomain protein composed of a monomeric N-terminal domain that is the primary site for RNA binding, and a dimeric C-terminal domain that is essential for efficient phase separation and condensate formation with RNA. The domains are separated by a disordered Ser/Arg-rich region preceding a self-associating Leu-rich helix. Phosphorylation in the Ser/Arg region in infected cells decreases the viscosity of condensates with RNA, promoting viral replication and host immune evasion through the formation of dynamic, liquid-like droplets. To better understand the molecular level effect of phosphorylation, a switchable self-associating domain to replace the Leu-rich helix was engineered and liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) was created. This confirmed the importance of linker self-association to droplet formation and suggested that phosphorylation not only increases solubility of the positively charged elongated Ser/Arg region as observed in other RNA binding proteins but can also inhibit self-association of the Leu-rich helix. A biophysical model for this effect was proposed, showing that phosphorylation destabilizes the self-associating Leu-rich helix 30 amino acids distant from the phosphorylation site. These data highlight the effect of phosphorylation both at local sites and at a distant self-associating hydrophobic helix in regulating liquid-liquid phase separation of the entire protein.Keywords: Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation (LLPS), Self-Association, Phosphorylation, SARS-CoV-2, nucleocapsid, virus, protein, RNA, LC