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    Inteligência artificial e trabalho de projeto como suportes ao desenvolvimento da literacia estatística e digital de alunos de 10.º ano

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    Este trabalho, realizado na Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, teve como objetivo investigar as potencialidades do uso de recursos de Inteligência Artificial através da metodologia Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos (ABP) para o desenvolvimento da Literacia Estatística e Digital de alunos do 10.º ano de escolaridade, no contexto de uma escola básica e secundária da Região Autónoma da Madeira. A presente investigação foi desenvolvida por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa de carácter interpretativo. A recolha de dados foi feita através de observações registadas no diário de campo, registos escritos e pósteres produzidos pelos alunos, assim como gravações de diálogos e registos em imagem e vídeo. Os resultados evidenciam que a utilização adequada de recursos de Inteligência Artificial pode auxiliar no desenvolvimento da Literacia Digital e que a ABP contribuiu para o desenvolvimento de aspetos relacionados com a Literacia Estatística e com o Pensamento e Raciocínio Estatísticos nos alunos. Foi observado o desenvolvimento de competências interpessoais e sociais, da autonomia, da comunicação, do trabalho em equipa e do pensamento crítico, conforme perspetivado no Perfil do Aluno à Saída da Escolaridade Obrigatória (PASEO). Verificou-se que a escolha do tema do projeto com base nos interesses dos alunos foi fundamental, pois influenciou diretamente a sua motivação. Constatou-se também que a planificação deve contemplar um tempo adequado de implementação, já que o previsto nas novas Aprendizagens Essenciais (AE) revelou-se insuficiente. Além disso, foi evidenciada a importância do feedback contínuo do professor, ajustado às necessidades de aprendizagem dos alunos, desempenhando um papel regulador essencial no seu percurso.This essay, conducted as part of Supervised Teaching Practise, aimed to investigate the potential of using Artificial Intelligence resources through Project-Based Learning for developing Statistical and Digital Literacy among 10th-grade students at a primary and secondary school in the Autonomous Region of Madeira. This research was conducted using a qualitative, interpretive approach. Data collection was obtained through observations recorded in field notes, written records, and posters produced by the students, as well as images, audio and video recordings. The results showed that the appropriate use of Artificial Intelligence resources can aid in the development of Digital Literacy and that Project-Based Learning contributed to the development of aspects related to Statistical Literacy and Statistical Thinking and Reasoning in students. The development of interpersonal and social skills, autonomy, communication, teamwork, and critical thinking was observed, as defined in PASEO. It was found that choosing the project topic based on students' interests was crucial, as it directly influenced their motivation. It was also found that planning should include adequate implementation time, as the timeframe provided in the new Essential Learning (EL) proved insufficient. Furthermore, the importance of continuous teacher feedback, tailored to students' learning needs, was highlighted, playing a crucial regulatory role in their progress

    Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in children in the Azores Islands (Portugal): sociodemographic and clinical profile

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    Abstract Prevalence studies are essential to provide objective indicators about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and are a source of information for public policies. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of ASD among children in the Azores Islands (Portugal). Administrative data on the number of children with a proven diagnosis of ASD were collected from all schools. Parents completed a questionnaire about the child’s sociodemographic characteristics, the diagnostic process, and clinical history. The overall prevalence of ASD in the Azores region was 9.92 per 1000 children, approximately equivalent to 1% (0.99). The prevalence of ASD in the Azores seems to be higher when compared with the global rate in Portugal, as well as with other regions of Europe. There appears to be a concentration of children with ASD in the region, and the results appear to support the hypothesis of a heritable predisposition to ASD.</jats:p

    Biogeography, population and trophic ecology of cetaceans in a warm-temperate habitat

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    Cetaceans play a crucial role in marine ecosystems by maintaining their structure and function, providing essential ecosystem services, and acting as sentinel species. Despite the inherent challenges, research efforts to document the distribution and movements of pelagic cetacean populations have increased. Oceanic islands present strategic advantages for studying pelagic cetaceans and integrating datasets from multiple sources is a valuable approach to obtaining the long-term datasets necessary for ecological studies on these long-lived mammals. Ultimately, such integration provides insights into cetacean populations' connectivity and migration patterns across various territories and international borders. The present study aims to elucidate the distribution, movements, and ecological interactions of eight cetacean species, for which limited information exists in the Macaronesia region (Eastern North Atlantic), thereby providing crucial insights for their conservation. This study focuses on understanding the movement patterns and site fidelity of Bryde's whale, sperm whale, and Blainville's beaked whale in the archipelagos of the Madeira, Azores, and Canaries through photographic-identification methods. Additionally, in Madeira, it examines the social structure of the Blainville's beaked whale through photographic identification and analyzes the dietary habits and ecological roles of six odontocete species through stable isotopes. Research findings indicate that Bryde's whales exhibit high site fidelity to the Madeira Archipelago during their seasonal presence, with first-time documented inter archipelago movements between Madeira and the Canaries. This reflects the species' wide habitat range in the Macaronesia region, including international waters. For sperm whales, the study supports the existence of a pelagic population in Macaronesia, with a subset regularly using the Azores and Madeira Archipelagos. Preliminary data from the Canaries suggest a need for further research to evaluate a population significantly impacted by ship strikes. Blainville's beaked whales demonstrate female defense polygyny in the Madeira Archipelago, with strong associations between females and immatures, who exhibit the highest site fidelity rates. These findings underscore the significance of the Macaronesia region in providing essential habitats for these species. The study also highlights variations in dietary preferences and foraging strategies among different species, enhancing our understanding of marine biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics. It emphasizes the need for international collaboration when addressing the conservation challenges of these highly dynamic species. By combining long-term datasets with innovative methodologies, this research significantly contributes to the understanding and protection of cetaceans, underscoring the critical role of oceanic islands in marine conservation efforts.Os cetáceos desempenham um papel crucial nos ecossistemas marinhos, mantendo a sua estrutura e função, fornecendo serviços ecossistémicos essenciais e actuando como espécies sentinelas. Apesar dos desafios inerentes ao estudo de populações pelágicas de cetáceos, os esforços na investigação da sua distribuição e movimentos têm aumentado. As ilhas oceânicas apresentam vantagens estratégicas para o estudo destes cetáceos e a integração de dados de várias plataformas é uma abordagem valiosa na obtenção dos dados a longo prazo necessários para os estudos ecológicos destes mamíferos longevos. Mais, essa integração fornece conhecimento sobre a conectividade e padrões de migração das populações de cetáceos em várias regiões e cruzando fronteiras internacionais. Este estudo investiga a distribuição, movimentos e interações ecológicas de oito espécies de cetáceos, cuja informação existente na Macaronésia (Atlântico Nordeste) é limitada, providenciando conhecimentos cruciais para a sua conservação. Este estudo investiga os padrões de movimento e de fidelidade ao local da baleia de Bryde, do cachalote e da baleia-de-bico-de-Blainville nos arquipélagos da Madeira, Açores e Canárias através de métodos de foto-identificação. Além disso, na Madeira, examina a estrutura social da baleia-de-bico-de-Blainville através de foto-identificação e analisa os hábitos alimentares e papéis ecológicos de seis espécies de odontocetes através de isótopos estáveis. Os resultados indicam que as baleias de Bryde exibem uma grande fidelidade na Madeira durante a sua presença sazonal, com movimentos inter-arquipélagos documentados pela primeira vez com as Canárias, reflectindo o amplo habitat desta espécie, que inclui águas internacionais. Este estudo suporta igualmente a existência de uma população pelágica de cachalotes na Macaronésia, com uma parte a usar regularmente os Arquipélagos dos Açores e da Madeira. Os dados preliminares das Canárias indicam a necessidade de mais estudos para avaliar uma população significativamente impactada por colisões com navios. As baleias-de-bico-de-Blainville apresentam poliginia de defesa feminina na Madeira, com associações fortes entre fêmeas e imaturos, que exibem as maiores taxas de fidelidade. Os resultados obtidos realçam a importância da Macaronésia para estas espécies relativamente a habitats essenciais, destacando também variações nas estratégias de alimentação entre as diferentes espécies, aumentando a nossa compreensão sobre a dinâmica dos ecossistemas marinhos. Este estudo realça também a necessidade de colaboração internacional para ultrapassar os desafios da conservação de espécies dinâmicas como estas. Ao combinar estudos de longo prazo com metodologias inovadoras, esta investigação contribui significativamente para a compreensão e proteção dos cetáceos, realçando o papel crítico das ilhas oceânicas nos esforços de conservação marinha

    Carlos Manuel Nogueira Fino/O longo Rio Dniepre

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    Relatório de estágio para obtenção do grau de mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

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    O presente relatório foi elaborado para a obtenção do grau de mestre no Mestrado de Educa ção Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, apresentando as ações pedagógicas realizadas na Educação Pré-Escolar e no 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. O objetivo primordial é abordar de forma fundamentada e reflexiva o meu percurso enquanto Educadora de Infância e Professora do 1.º Ciclo, elucidando, fundamentalmente, os conheci mentos e as competências adquiridas ao longo das três Práticas Pedagógicas efetuadas, que se centraram em responder às aptidões e carências de cada criança/aluno. São, também, explanadas as metodologias de Investigação-Ação e pedagogia centrada nas crianças, utilizadas para dar resposta às problemáticas identificadas nas diferentes práticas. Além da explicação da minha experiência pessoal enquanto futura Educadora/Professora, o presente relatório serve para alertar para a relevância do papel das Educadoras/Docentes na educação/ensino das crianças, assim como a partilha das experiências de aprendizagem vi venciadas.This report was drawn up to obtain a master's degree in Pre-School Education and Primary School Teaching, presenting the pedagogical actions carried out in Pre-School Education and Primary School. The main aim is to take a reasoned and reflective approach to my career as a kindergarten teacher and primary school teacher, basically explaining the knowledge and skills acquired during the three pedagogical practices carried out, which focused on responding to the apti tudes and needs of each child/student. The methodologies of Action Research and child-centered pedagogy used to respond to the problems identified in the different practices are also explained. In addition to explaining my personal experience as a future educator/teacher, this report serves to highlight the importance of the role of educators/teachers in the education/teaching of children, as well as sharing the learning experiences I have had

    Soluble extracellular polymeric substances and microplastics: exposure-response and circular reuse for removal

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    Microplastics (MPs) are pervasive in aquatic systems, threatening ecosystems, human health, and microalgal production. Soluble extracellular polymeric substances (S-EPS) can agglomerate particles and aid removal. This study examines S-EPS from the cyanobacterium Cyanocohniella rudolphia (BEA 0786B) to (i) model and optimise S-EPS production, (ii) assess production in water contaminated with polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs), and (iii) test S EPS as a bioflocculant for PS-MPs removal. Response surface methodology (RSM) defined a cost-lean operating window and predicted an optimum S-EPS titre of 113 mg/L at 7 days using 10 g/L nitrogen, 0.98 g/L phosphorus, and a biomass-to-medium ratio of 1:6.87 (w/v). Cultures were challenged with PS-MPs (50 μg/L and 5 mg/L) under static or aerated conditions, and at both exponential and stationary phases, and showed stimulated S-EPS synthesis with increases of up to 34%, depending on hydrodynamics and growth stage. Purified S-EPS were evaluated as a bioflocculant at 2 g/L PS-MPs to probe robustness and rate-limiting mechanisms and to delineate a conservative operating window. Maximum removal of 82% was achieved in freshwater at pH 3.5 with Fe3+ 0.05% (w/w), 25 ◦C, S-EPS dose 400 mg/L (S-EPS:PS-MPs 1:5, w/w), and 60 min flocculation. Zeta potential trends and microscopy support charge neutralisation/bridging as the dominant mechanism. Compatible with standard coagulation/flocculation units, the approach links cost-lean, cultivation-derived S-EPS (typically dis carded) to their reuse as a low-additive pretreatment for algal-cultivation intake waters (freshwater/low salinity), reducing reliance on synthetic coagulants and added salinity/metal-sludge burdens. Overall, C. rudolphia is a promising S-EPS producer, whose production is enhanced by exposure to PS-MPs, and its S-EPS acts as an efficient, bio-based flocculant for PS-MPs. The results support process designs to safeguard microalgal operations and to mitigate microplastic pollution in water. This work integrates RSM-optimised S-EPS produc tion, environmental-level exposure-response, and a high-load removal benchmark, enabling circular, low additive, drop-in pretreatment compatible with standard coagulation/flocculation units

    Relatório de estágio para obtenção do grau de mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

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    Este relatório foi desenvolvido no âmbito do Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar (EPE) e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (1CEB), com o objetivo de refletir sobre as experiências e aprendizagens ao longo do estágio em três valências da educação e ensino: Prática Pedagógica I (PP I) na Educação de Infância/Pré-Escolar; Prática Pedagógica II (PP II) e Prática Pedagógica III (PP III), no 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Nele, são apresentadas as principais ações pedagógicas realizadas, com uma análise crítica do impacto das estratégias pedagógicas adotadas na prática educativa. Na PP I, utilizando a metodologia de Investigação-Ação (I-A), foquei-me numa das problemáticas entre as crianças, especialmente no que diz respeito à partilha de materiais e brinquedos. A questão central foi: Que estratégias pedagógicas podem favorecer a partilha?. Para responder a esta questão, implementei a leitura de uma história sobre a importância da partilha, atividades colaborativas e, por fim, um espaço de partilha de brinquedos. Este processo contribuiu para o desenvolvimento de competências de convivência social entre as crianças, promovendo uma maior capacidade de interação, respeito mútuo e colaboração no ambiente escolar. Nas PP II e III, foram implementadas diversas estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem com o intuito de promover a participação ativa das crianças no seu processo de aprendizagem, estimular o pensamento crítico e, ainda, facilitar a aquisição do conhecimento. Todas as metodologias pedagógicas adotadas tiveram por base as necessidades e interesses do grupo de crianças e alunos, visando a aprendizagem mais dinâmica e significativa. Este documento vai além de um Relatório de Estágio, refletindo-se num percurso gradual de crescimento pessoal e profissional e na relevância da investigação e da reflexão contínua na prática docente.This report was developed within the scope of the Master's Degree in Pre-School Education and Primary Education, to reflect on the experiences and learn acquired throughout the teaching practicum across three educational contexts: Pedagogical Practice I (PP I) in Pre School Education; and Pedagogical Practices II (PP II) and III (PP III) in the 1st Cycle of Basic Education. It presents the main pedagogical actions carried out, along with a critical analysis of the impact of the strategies adopted on educational practice. In PP I, using an Action Research (AR) methodology, I focused on a challenge identified among children, particularly regarding sharing materials and toys. The central question was: What pedagogical strategies can foster sharing? To address this, I implemented the reading of a story about the importance of sharing and collaborative activities, and ultimately created a toy-sharing space. This process contributed to developing social interaction skills among the children, promoting greater capacity for interaction, mutual respect, and collaboration in the school environment. In PP II and III, various teaching and learning strategies were implemented to promote children's active participation in their learning process, encouraging critical thinking, and facilitating knowledge acquisition. All pedagogical methodologies were tailored to the children's and students' needs and interests, aiming to foster more dynamic and meaningful learning. This document goes beyond a mere Internship Report; it reflects a gradual journey of personal and professional growth and highlights the importance of research and continuous reflection in teaching practice

    Editorial: Interaction of microbiota and metabolomic disorders

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    New contributions to deepen the quality-based safety assessment in the consumption of edible nasturtium flowers: the role of Volatilome

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    The garden Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) is increasingly consumed worldwide due to its culinary appeal and perceived health benefits. However, the chemical markers underlying its functional properties remain insufficiently characterized. Building on evidence from a recent human pilot study confirming both high acceptability and dietary safety, we conducted a comprehensive volatilomic and phytochemical analysis of T. majus flowers and their juice. Headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) was employed to establish the volatilomic fingerprint of floral tissues and juice. Our analysis revealed a striking dominance of benzyl isothiocyanate and benzonitrile, which together accounted for 88% of the total volatile organic metabolites (VOMs) in the juice, 67% and 21%, respectively. In the floral tissues, benzyl isothiocyanate was even more prevalent, representing 95% of the total volatile profile. Complementary in vitro assays confirmed a substantial total phenolic content and strong antioxidant activity in the flowers. These findings provide a robust chemical rationale for the potential health-promoting attributes of T. majus, while identifying key volatilomic markers that could support future functional and safety claims. In parallel, a benefit–risk assessment framework is discussed in accordance with the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) guidelines for the Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) of edible flowers. Given that both benzyl isothiocyanate and benzonitrile are classified as Cramer Class III substances, a conservative intake threshold of 1.5 μg/kg body weight per day is proposed. To enable quantitative exposure modeling and support the derivation of a tolerable daily intake (TDI), future studies should integrate organic solvent-based extraction methodologies to estimate the total volatile load per gram of floral biomass. This would align risk–benefit assessments with the EFSA’s evolving framework for novel foods and functional ingredients.</jats:p

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