Universidade Nova de Lisboa

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    Improvement of the light stability of Perovskite Solar Cells with Metal Organic Frameworks

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    Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) have been showcased as an eye-catching photovoltaic technology over the past few years, and their development has led to easy-scalable and low-cost processing with earth-abundant raw materials. However, the crystalline structure of the perovskite (PK) material is highly associated with defects, which can be present in the bulk, grain boundaries, and the surface of the film. Defects are considered recombination centres, mainly associated with perovskite processing, facilitating ion migration. This way, when exposed to the light, PSCs can degrade under illumination. Therefore, the development of passivation methods, with specific passivating agents, to counteract defects is the key to the improvement of light stability of PSCs, leading to their future commercialization. Herein, various passivation methods, such as surface treatment, in-film, and bulk treatment, are explored using the Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) UiO-66 at specific concentrations as the base for the current project. UiO-66 presents a unique potential regarding its excellent stability, high surface area, and UV-filtering capability, enhancing perovskite crystallinity. As such, the surface and bulk treatments demonstrate by XRD an area increase of the (011) perovskite plane, i.e., crystallinity. Besides, the bulk treatment PSCs were submitted to an XPS analysis, where the Oxygen element showed that a new chemical environment is present, i.e., an interaction between the UiO-66 and the perovskite, displaying a new chemical bond interaction and a possible decrease of the current defects. Finally, the surface and in-film methods applied in the solar cells with 1.0 g/dm3 UiO-66 enabled the power conversion efficiencies to be maintained at ~ 86% of their initial values after the full aging protocol of 360 h (264 h in an N2-controlled atmosphere glovebox followed by aging at 1 sun for 72 h). This contrasts with the quicker degradation from the control device. This research project represents the promising potential of using perovskite/MOF processes to create efficient and stable PSCs.As células solares de perovskita têm sido apresentadas como uma tecnologia fotovoltaica apelativa nos últimos anos e o seu desenvolvimento conduziu a um processamento fácil e de baixo custo com matérias-primas abundantes na terra. No entanto, a estrutura cristalina do seu material está altamente associada a defeitos, que podem estar presentes no seu interior, nos limites de grão e na superfície do filme. Os defeitos, principalmente associados ao processamento da perovskita, são considerados centros de recombinação, facilitando a migração iónica e desta forma, quando expostas à luz, as células poderão degradar-se. Assim, o desenvolvimento de métodos de passivação com agentes passivantes específicos, de modo a neutralizar estes defeitos, é a chave para a melhoria da estabilidade à luz das células solares de perovskita, para a sua futura comercialização. Aqui, vários métodos de passivação, tais como tratamento de superfície, em filme e em massa, são explorados, utilizando a estrutura metal-orgânica (MOF) UiO-66 em concentrações específicas. O UiO-66 apresenta um potencial único devido à sua excelente estabilidade, elevada área superficial e capacidade de filtragem de radiação UV, melhorando assim a cristalinidade da perovskita. Assim sendo, o tratamento de superfície e em massa demonstraram através de uma análise de XRD, um aumento de área do plano (001) da perovskita, comprovando assim um aumento da sua cristalinidade. O tratamento em massa demonstrou numa análise XPS ao elemento Oxigénio, que um novo ambiente químico está presente, mais precisamente uma interação entre o UiO-66 e a perovskita, mostrando uma possível diminuição dos defeitos atuais. Finalmente, o tratamento de superfície e em filme nas células desenvolvidas com 1.0 g/dm3 de UiO-66 mostrou reter ~ 86% da sua eficiência original após envelhecimento durante 360 h (264 h numa atmosfera controlada de N2, seguida de 72 h a 1 sol). Este resultado contrasta com a degradação mais rápida observada para o dispositivo de controlo. Esta investigação representa, de facto, um potencial promissor da utilização de processos perovskita/MOF para fabricar células solares de perovskita eficientes e estáveis.French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA

    Métodos de Congelação e Descongelação na Restauração - Avaliação da Higiene dos Processos

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    A congelação é um dos métodos mais eficazes e amplamente utilizados para preservar alimentos, especialmente produtos de origem animal, que são altamente perecíveis. Observou-se em estabelecimentos de restauração, a prática comum e inadequada de congelação de alimentos frescos, mal acondicionados, em equipamentos de manutenção de congelados, operando a temperaturas incertas e sem monitorização adequada, o que comprometia a sua segurança e rastreabilidade. O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo verificar o impacto dos métodos de congelação e descongelação na qualidade microbiológica em quatro matrizes alimentares distintas. Selecionou-se duas amostras de carne (hambúrgueres de bovino e peito de peru) e duas de pescado (dourada e sardinha). O processo de congelação foi realizado recorrendo a três equipamentos, dois de manutenção de congelados (-12ºC e -18ºC) e um abatedor de temperatura. As amostras foram acondicionadas em sacos de congelação e em embalagens a vácuo a fim de avaliar a sua influência na conservação dos produtos. O tempo de armazenamento foi outra variável testada, realizando análises microbiológicas e avaliação sensorial ao fim de 1,5 e 3,5 meses de congelação. As amostras submetidas aos processos de congelação foram descongeladas à temperatura ambiente e em refrigeração. Em laboratório fez-se a pesquisa de Microrganismos Totais Viáveis, Enterobacteriaceae, Bolores e Leveduras, Micorganismos Psiscotroficos e Staphylococcus aureus. As amostras embaladas em sacos de congelação, congeladas em equipamentos de manutenção de congelados a -12ºC e descongelados à temperatura ambiente, tiveram contagens elevadas nas diferentes pesquisas, podendo representar um risco para a saúde dos consumidores. Demonstrou-se qua as amostras acondicionadas nas embalagens a vácuo, congeladas em abatedor, armazenadas em equipamento de manutenção de congelados a -18ºC e descongeladas em refrigeração tiveram resultados satisfatórios tanto a nível microbiológico como sensorial, evidenciando ser o melhor método de congelação e descongelação de produtos frescos. Este estudo destaca a importância da adoção de técnicas de congelação rápida e descongelação controlada, utilizando equipamentos adequados e temperaturas baixas, de modo a garantir a segurança e a qualidade dos produtos.Freezing is one of the most effective and widely used methods for preserving food, especially animal products, which are highly perishable. In catering establishments, there has been a common and inadequate practice of freezing fresh foods that are poorly packaged in frozen storage equipment operating at uncertain temperatures without proper monitoring, compromising their safety and traceability. The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of freezing and thawing methods on the microbiological quality of four different food matrices. Two meat samples (beef burgers and turkey breast) and two fish samples (gilt-head bream and sardine) were selected. The freezing process was carried out using three types of equipment: two frozen storage units (-12°C and -18°C) and a blast chiller. Samples were packed in freezing bags and vacuum packaging to evaluate their influence on preserving the products. Storage time was another variable tested, with microbiological analyses and sensory evaluation conducted after 1.5 and 3.5 months of freezing. The samples subjected to freezing processes were thawed at room temperature and under refrigeration. In the laboratory, tests were conducted for Total Viable Microorganisms, Enterobacteriaceae, Molds and Yeasts, Psychrotrophic Microorganisms, and Staphylococcus aureus. Samples packed in freezing bags, frozen in storage equipment at -12°C, and thawed at room temperature showed high counts in different tests, potentially posing a risk to consumer health. It was demonstrated that samples packaged in vacuum packaging, frozen in a blast chiller, stored in frozen storage equipment at -18°C, and thawed under refrigeration had satisfactory results both microbiologically and sensorially, highlighting the best method for freezing and thawing fresh products. This study emphasizes the importance of adopting rapid freezing and controlled thawing techniques using appropriate equipment and low temperatures to ensure product safety and quality

    Trabalho em construção: indústria, cultura e património numa cidade industrial portuguesa

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    Doutoramento em parceria com o ISCTE - Instituto Universitário de LisboaA presente tese debruça-se sobre os processos contemporâneos de culturalização e de patrimonialização da indústria, a partir da análise de programas de políticas públicas e de exemplos de usos económicos do património por parte da indústria portuguesa. Pretende se pensar como o património tematiza a indústria e o trabalho e como indústrias transformadoras contemporâneas mercantilizam a sua atividade enquanto cultura e património. A tese tem como terreno de análise S. João da Madeira, uma pequena cidade portuguesa com um tecido económico historicamente consolidado em torno da indústria e que, desde cedo, construiu a sua retórica de diferenciação sob o signo do trabalho. Mais recentemente, desde a última década do século XX, o poder político local começou a olhar para esta dimensão industrial também do ponto de vista do património e do turismo, o que resultou na criação de dois museus industriais (Museu da Chapelaria e Museu do Calçado) e de um programa de turismo industrial (Turismo Industrial de S. João da Madeira). Deste modo, no contexto português, S. João da Madeira continua a ser hoje uma referência importante no panorama da indústria nacional, ao mesmo tempo que se destaca pelas dinâmicas associadas ao património industrial. Esta coexistência entre o presente industrial e patrimonial reveste este caso de particular interesse para os temas em estudo. Esta tese parte da análise do ponto de vista antropológico destes processos oficiais do património e do turismo em S. João da Madeira, para propor uma reflexão sobre como estes se articulam com períodos de declínio da atividade industrial (à semelhança de outros contextos), mas também de dinamismo e crescimento, cruzando-se com políticas de reabilitação urbana, de memorialização e de construção da identidade local, bem como de promoção territorial. Aos empreendimentos conduzidos pelo município junta-se a análise dos usos do património por parte de dois setores da indústria portuguesa: os lápis e o calçado. A partir dos estudos de caso da única fábrica portuguesa de lápis e de uma fábrica de calçado, pretende-se olhar para circulações e contaminações entre o universo do património e os modos de mercadorização contemporâneos, refletindo também como a promoção económica e mercantil entra nos discursos e práticas promovidos pelo poder político local. Conclui-se que uma análise articulada da indústria e do património se configura como um dispositivo interessante para a compreensão do património como recurso político, económico e de visibilidade. Todavia, ao ser privilegiada uma abordagem capaz de dar conta das múltiplas vozes, a tese mostra igualmente a relevância da agencialidade dos indivíduos. Particularmente, como os encontros entre os diferentes sujeitos patrimoniais e turísticos, inclusivamente trabalhadores e visitantes, são reveladores de subjetividades reflexivas e da potencialidade política destas categorias — muito além da que é promovida pela estetização da cultura e domesticação da memória dos processos oficiais —, ao mobilizar, negociar e hierarquizar teias de significados, tensões e ideias de futuro de uma sociedade marcada pelos efeitos de uma reestruturação produtiva à escala global e pela ansiedade provocada pelas (re)configurações atuais do trabalho, aceleradas pelo tempo de multicrises em que vivemos.This thesis investigates contemporary processes of culturalization and heritagization of the industry by analyzing public policy programs and the economic uses of heritage by the Portuguese industry. The aim is to understand how heritage thematizes industry and work and how contemporary manufacturing industries commodify their activities as culture and heritage. The study focuses on S. João da Madeira, a small city with an economic fabric historically anchored in industry, which has built, from very early on, its differentiation rhetoric under the banner of work. Recently, since the last decade of the 20th century, local political agents began to view this industrial dimension from the perspective of heritage and tourism, resulting in the creation of two industrial museums (the Hat Museum and the Shoe Museum) and an industrial tourism program (Industrial Tourism of S. João da Madeira). Thus, in the Portuguese context, S. João da Madeira remains a significant reference in the national industrial landscape while also standing out for its industrial heritage dynamics. This coexistence of the present industrial and heritage elements makes this case particularly interesting for the subjects under study. The thesis takes an anthropological perspective on these official heritage and tourism making processes in S. João da Madeira to propose a reflection on how they interact with periods of industrial decline (similar to other contexts) and with periods of dynamism and growth, all intersected with urban rehabilitation policies, memorialization, construction of local identity, and territorial promotion. The municipal initiatives are complemented by the heritage uses analysis of two Portuguese industry sectors: pencils and footwear. By studying the cases of the only Portuguese pencil factory and a footwear factory, the aim is to examine the circulations and contaminations between the heritage universe and contemporary commodification approaches, reflecting how economic and commercial promotion enters the discourses and practices promoted by local political agents. The thesis argues that an articulated analysis of industry and heritage is an interesting device for understanding heritage as a political, economic, and visibility resource. However, by privileging an approach capable of accounting for multiple voices, the thesis also highlights the relevance of individual agency, particularly how the intersection of different heritage and tourism agents, including workers and visitors, reveals reflexive subjectivities and the political potential of these categories. This goes beyond what is promoted by the aestheticization of culture and domestication of memory by official processes, mobilizing, negotiating, and hierarchizing webs of meanings, tensions, and ideas of the future for a society marked by the effects of the productivity restructuration at a global level and the anxiety caused by the current (re)configurations of work, accelerated by the time of multiple crises we live in

    Developing a business plan for Costa Verde´s expansion to the business-to-consumer market - offline channels strategy

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    This research paper analyses the Portuguese porcelain Business-to-Consumer (B2C) market and Costa Verde’s market entry approach, with a focus on the offline channels marketing strategy. Thus, a deep analysis was conducted through both quantitative and qualitative research to gather relevant insights on consumer preferences and benchmarking practices. Offline marketing offers key benefits and opportunities, allowing to conclude that a physical presence is essential to create brand awareness for Costa Verde. Therefore, the opening of a temporary pop-up store will be the core of the strategy designed for offline channels. The business plan, which in its entirety includes the branding strategy, online channels strategy and an integrated marketing communication campaign, is expected to allow Costa Verde to witness a turnover increase of 4.8%, reflecting a promising future for the company

    Leveraging Smart Voice Assistants to Increase the Adoption of Blockchain Technology: User Experience Perspective

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    Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Information Management, specialization in Information Systems and Technologies ManagementBlockchain Technology (BCT) has the potential to transform industries and society at large. However, the technology has failed to achieve high levels of adoption due to various limitations. While a significant effort is being made to provide solutions for all the technological limitations, there is limited effort in academia and the industry towards understanding and resolving user experience issues. This paper has two objectives, the first is to develop a comprehensive framework for understanding the role that user experience plays in the adoption of BCT. The second objective is to explore if Smart Voice Assistants (SVA), known for their ease of use, can be leveraged and integrated with BCT applications to enhance the user experience, thereby increasing adoption. For this purpose, based on published literature, the study developed an expanded model of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) by incorporating constructs of the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). The conceptual model was validated utilizing the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) with data collected during the study. The final framework includes the UTAUT constructs of Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), and Behavioral Intention (BI) as well as the three UEQ constructs of Attractiveness, Perspicuity, and Efficiency. In addition, the study found that the integration of an SVA interface with a BCT application has a significant and postive impact on Behavioural Intention (BI), with Perspicuity as the primary driving factor. The study concludes that SVA’s have the potential to drive BCT adoption

    Corruption Risk Management And SDG 16: Socially Responsible Practices In Financial Institutions

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    Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Statistics and Information Management, specialization in Risk Analysis and ManagementThe critical role of corruption risk management in financial institutions and its influence on attaining UN SDG 16 calls for establishing a peaceful and inclusive society. Outlining the three main factors affecting corruption — economic, political, and cultural — thoroughly examines its complex nature. Explores the social responsibility included in managing corruption risk, highlighting elements such as advancing economic growth, protecting the weak, and establishing equality and trust. The inclusion of sustainable financial practices consisting of transparency, accountability, risk management, compliance, governance, and environmental and social responsibility deepens the study. The primary objectives are to investigate the contribution of corruption risk management to SDG 16.5, to analyse economic indicators and anti-corruption activities, and to incorporate qualitative insights from interviewees. The anticipated benefits include discovering highquality quantitative data and qualitative insights, thus expanding our understanding of how financial institutions actively support SDG 16.5 in a complicated setting

    Podcast: Ferramenta para promover o bem-estar nas organizações

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    O bem-estar nas organizações é um fator influenciador na saúde mental e física dos colaboradores, que impacta a produtividade dos colaboradores e proporciona a retenção de talento, tornando-se essencial para o sucesso organizacional. Este projeto apresenta uma abordagem digital para promover o bem-estar nas organizações, através da criação de um podcast dedicado a este tema, no contexto nacional. O objetivo principal deste projeto é consciencializar diretamente os gestores de equipa e os líderes para a importância do bem-estar nas organizações. Assim, foi criado um plano e produzido um episódio-piloto de um podcast que pode ser aplicado em Portugal e adaptado noutros países, contribuindo significativamente, em larga escala, para a promoção de ações e locais de trabalho mais saudáveis e felizes.Well-being in organizations is an influential factor in the mental and physical health of employees, which impacts employee productivity and provides talent retention, making it essential for organizational success. This project presents a digital approach to promoting well-being in organizations through the creation of a podcast dedicated to this topic in the national context. The main aim of this project is to directly raise awareness among team managers and leaders of the importance of well-being in organizations. A plan was therefore created and a pilot episode of a podcast produced that can be applied in Portugal and adapted in other countries, making a significant contribution on a large scale to promoting healthier and happier workplaces and actions

    Rheinmetall - a valuation of Germany´s notorious defense champion

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    Strategy development for an innovative service: international entry strategy

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    This paper is divided into two main blocks. The first comprises a situation analysis (internal and external) of INCM and its advanced AI certification system, AICeBlock. Main takeaways reveal that INCM's strong setup positions it well to launch this service into a growing, low competition market. The second part details an action plan to optimize this service's potential. Main takeaways reveal that INCM should adopt a B2B approach while implementing a tiered pricing and product offering strategy. This plan is projected over a 5-year period and its goal is to drive real, actionable growth for AICeBlock’s embryo company, INCM

    Lights, camera, eco- action: integrating project management practices for sustainable film production and climate change mitigation

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    This paper investigates Project Management (PM) in Green Filmmaking (GF). Due to high CO2 emissions and ecological damage, the film industry has a significant environmental toll. Nevertheless, a gap in the knowledge of sustainable measures exists. This thesis questions whether PM methods can provide guidance to improve GF. A case study approach examines the effectiveness of 4 developed templates by interviewing experts who used them in their current work. The results indicate successful navigation of GF by implementing PM, leading to eco-friendlier productions. The findings offer a straightforward system with a PM perspective that has not been applied until now

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