National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge
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Evaluation of nutritional aspects of children's biscuits available in the Portuguese market
Get PDFAs bolachas estão incluídas na alimentação diária das crianças, devido
à elevada conveniência e ao sabor apelativo. O presente trabalho
visou recolher a composição nutricional de bolachas infantis disponí veis no mercado nacional e avaliar a sua adequação nutricional atra vés da aplicação de diferentes ferramentas. Os dados para as bolachas
infantis foram recolhidos através da consulta de websites de hiper mercados, entre maio e junho de 2022. Avaliaram-se 45 amostras,
e apenas uma cumpriu a meta definida na Estratégia Integrada para
a Promoção da Alimentação Saudável (EIPAS) para o teor de açúcar.
Verificou-se uma distribuição maioritária dos produtos entre a cate goria amarela e vermelha no descodificador de rótulos, assim como
classificações de Nutri-Score D e E. Ao avaliar a adequação da refei ção do lanche, considerando a ingestão de uma porção de bolachas
(35 g), a inclusão destes alimentos não parece estar de acordo com
as recomendações do Guia para Lanches Escolares Saudáveis. O óleo
de girassol com alto teor de oleico foi o tipo de gordura encontrado
na maioria das amostras. Verificou-se com este trabalho que é fundamental refletir sobre as estratégias a adotar para que exista uma
reformulação gradual no perfil nutricional destes alimentos.Biscuits are included in children's daily diet due to their practicality
and appealing taste. The present work aimed to collect the nutri tional composition of children's biscuits, available in the national
market, and to evaluate their nutritional adequacy through the appli cation of different tools. The data was collected by consulting online
supermarket websites, between May and June of 2022. Forty-five
samples were selected and only one satisfied the Integrated Strategy
for the Promotion of Healthy Eating (EIPAS) target for sugar content.
The majority of the samples were in the yellow and red category in
the "Descodificador de rótulos", as well as in Nutri-Score D and E.
When evaluating the adequacy of the snack meal, considering the
intake of one portion of biscuits (35 g), the inclusion of these foods
does not seem to be in accordance with the recommendations con templated in the “Guia para Lanches Escolares Saudáveis”. High oleic
sunflower oil was the type of added fat found in most of the evaluated samples. Therefore, it seems fundamental to reflect on the stra tegies to be adopted so that there is a gradual reformulation in the
nutritional profile of these foods.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
LOCUS (LOng Covid-Understanding Symptoms, events and use of services in Portugal): A three-component study protocol
Get PDFStudy ProtocolApproximately 10% of patients experience symptoms of Post COVID-19 Condition (PCC) after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Akin acute COVID-19, PCC may impact a multitude of organs and systems, such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, musculoskeletal, and neurological systems. The frequency and associated risk factors of PCC are still unclear among both community and hospital settings in individuals with a history of COVID-19. The LOCUS study was designed to clarify the PCC’s burden and associated risk factors. LOCUS is a multi-component study that encompasses three complementary building blocks. The “Cardiovascular and respiratory events following COVID-19” component is set to estimate the incidence of cardiovascular and respiratory events after COVID-19 in eight Portuguese hospitals via electronic health records consultation. The “Physical and mental symptoms following COVID-19” component aims to address the community prevalence of self-reported PCC symptoms through a questionnaire-based approach. Finally, the "Treating and living with Post COVID-19 Condition" component will employ semi-structured interviews and focus groups to characterise reported experiences of using or working in healthcare and community services for the treatment of PCC symptoms. This multi-component study represents an innovative approach to exploring the health consequences of PCC. Its results are expected to provide a key contribution to the optimisation of healthcare services design.This study is sponsored by Pfizer (grant code #68639655).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Infographic - Familial Hypercholesterolemia 1999-2022
No full textPopulação residente em Portugal com diagnóstico clínico de FH, entre 1999-2022. Dados atualizados a 31-12-2022.Infográfico desenvolvido no âmbito do Estudo Português de Hipercolesterolemia Familiar, que divulga os dados de Hipercolesterolemia Familiar entre 1999-2022. Coordenado e desenvolvido pelo INSA desde 1999, com a colaboração de vários clínicos de todo o país, este estudo permite identificar a causa genética da hipercolesterolemia (níveis de colesterol elevado desde o nascimento) numa família, para, com diagnóstico precoce e tratamento adequado, reduzir o seu risco cardiovascular.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Centro region of Portugal: a population based study of school age children within the ASDEU project
Get PDFIntroduction: Accurate prevalence estimates for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are fundamental to adequately program medical and educational resources for children. However, estimates vary globally and across Europe, and it is therefore wise to conduct epidemiological studies in defined geo-cultural contexts.
Methods: We used a population screening approach to estimate the prevalence of ASD in the Centro region of Portugal, using a harmonized protocol as part of the Autism Spectrum Disorders in the European Union (ASDEU) project.
Results: The overall prevalence was estimated at 0.5% (95% CI 0.3-0.7), higher in schools with Autism Units (3.3%, 95%CI 2.7-3.9) than in regular schools (0.3%, 95% CI 0.1-0.5) or schools with Multiple Disability Units (0.3%, 95% CI 0.04-0.6).
Discussion: The results indicate that the diagnosis of ASD is followed by the most effective educational policies in Centro Region. The variability in prevalence estimates across the different regions from the ASDEU project, and globally, is discussed.The Autism Spectrum Disorders in the European Union project
– ASDEU has been funded by the DG-SANTÉ, European Commission
(grant number SANCO/2014/C2/035). This research was supported
by national funds from FCT, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia,
I.P. (UIDB/04046/2020 grant to BioISI)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Biomarker of Chronic Alcohol Abuse – Carbohydrate-deficient Transferrin (CDT): Methodology Verification
Get PDFIntroduction: Transferrin is a glycoprotein synthesized in hepatocytes that can appear with different
isomorphic forms in the plasma, acquiring different levels of sialization
(1,2). In a healthy person, penta,
tetra and trisial isoforms are detectible in plasma. However, in an alcohol abuse and/or dependence,
asialo, monosialo and disialotransferrin isoforms are also present called carbohydrate-deficient
transferrin (CDT) (3)
. This is considered a specific biomarker of alcohol abusive and/or dependence,
being useful in the diagnosis and monitoring of this pathology (4)
.
Aim: Verify compliance with the requirements of the manufacturer of the capillary electrophoresis
method in laboratory practice and its suitability in determining the CDT.
Materials and methods: The MiniCap System (Sebia) was used with calibrators traceable to the IFCC
international reference procedure and normal and pathological internal control samples.
Repeatability and intermediate precision tests were performed on control samples. From participation
in External Quality Assessment (EQA) program (5 rounds - 2 samples each), Bias%, Deviation Index
(DI) and Total Laboratory Error (TELab) were obtained. The Measurement Uncertainty was calculated
by the Top Down Method (combined and expanded with a factor of 1.96), using the internal (CV%)
and external (Bias%) quality control results.
Results: In the repeatability tests, normal control samples (n=22, mean = 1.4%) were obtained, CV =
5.7%; for the pathological sample (n=24, mean = 5.4%), CV = 2.2%.
In intermediate precision tests for the normal control sample, (n= 12, mean = 1.4%), CV = 6.7%; for
the pathological sample (n=12, mean = 5.3%), CV = 4.9%.
In samples from EQA program, mean Bias = -1.0% and TELab = 11.5. In the evaluation of the method
by DI, 1 satisfactory, 7 good and 2 excellent results were obtained.
The obtained Expanded Uncertainty (1.3% ± 0.3) is consistent with that indicated by the manufacturer.
Conclusion: The TELab obtained meets Westgard`s desirable specifications
(5)
, being considered an
appropriate methodology for use in laboratory practise for diagnosis. However, it is considered
important to monitor the method with Internal Control samples, and participate in EQA programs, as
well as periodic evaluation of Quality Indicators.N/
Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of endo‐1,4‐beta‐xylanase (produced by Aspergillus oryzae DSM 33700) (RONOZYME® WX (CT/L)) for all poultry species and all Suidae (DSM nutritional products ltd)
Get PDFFree PMC article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10585426/The additive RONOZYME® WX (CT/L) contains endo-1,4-beta-xylanase produced with a genetically modified strain of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae; the additive is currently authorised for poultry for fattening, weaned piglets, pigs for fattening, lactating sows and laying hens. The applicant has requested to change the production strain, substituting strain A. oryzae DSM 26372 with A. oryzae DSM 33700, and to extend the use of the additive to all poultry species and all Suidae. RONOZYME® WX (CT/L), manufactured with the production strain A. oryzae DSM 33700, did not give rise to safety concerns with regard to the genetic modification of the production strain. No viable cells of the production strain nor its DNA were detected in an intermediate product representative of both final formulations of the additive. RONOZYME® WX (CT/L) was considered safe for all poultry species and all Suidae at the recommended inclusion levels. The use of RONOZYME® WX CT and L manufactured with the production strain A. oryzae DSM 33700 raised no concerns for consumers. RONOZYME® WX L is not an eye irritant; however, no conclusions could be drawn on the potential of RONOZYME® WX CT to be an eye irritant. Both formulations are not irritant to the skin, but due to the lack of data, the FEEDAP Panel was not able to conclude on the potential of both formulations of the additive to be skin sensitisers. Due to the proteinaceous nature of the active substance, the additive is considered a respiratory sensitiser. The additive manufactured by A. oryzae DSM 33700 raises no safety concerns for the environment. The additive has the potential to be efficacious in all poultry species and all Suidae at 100 and 200 FXU/kg complete feed, respectively.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Roadmap for implementation of genomics in healthcare: towards equity in access to genomics
Get PDFAs atividades do WP5 do projeto B1MG resultaram num documento intitulado "A Roadmap for genomics in healthcare", que se constitui como um guia e suporte para os sistemas de saúde que pretendam implementar a genómica nos cuidados de saúde, facilitando a utilização do Maturity Level Model e providenciando acesso a guidelines e documentos desenvolvidos no âmbito de outras iniciativas de medicina personalisada. Este poster apresenta o contexto, as atividades e os pontos essenciais que constituem o roadmap.Funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under grant agreement No 951724N/
Reasons for non-uptake of Influenza Vaccination: comparison between high-risk and non-high risk groups in the Portuguese population
No full textAbstract publicado em: Popul Med. 2023;5(Suppl):A2011. https://doi.org/10.18332/popmed/163763Background & objective:
In Portugal, the Influenza Vaccine (IV) coverage remains bellow the coverage goals proposed by the European Union. Understanding motives for IV non-uptake, particularly for high-risk groups is essential for intervention purposes. The Health Belief Model (HBM) has been one of the most used theoretical frameworks to understand vaccination. This study aims to describe the Portuguese non-uptake and differences between HBM dimensions (susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers and cues for action) frequency for high-risk and non-high-risk groups.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was developed using the panel of families, a probabilistic dual-sampling frame telephone household panel of Portugal. The survey was conducted between June and September 2021-2013, with data collected by questionnaire applied to one element of each household unit with 18+ years (n=1050). Content thematic analysis was conducted in one open question about the reasons for IV non-uptake and included in HBM dimensions. Statistical analysis focused on estimating non-adherence to IV and frequency of the HBM categories stratified by target group recommended for vaccination. Results were weighted by age group and region
Results:
The response rate was 68%. Of the total sample (n=1050), 671 individuals did not uptake the IV (69.3%, CI95%:64.8-73.5). For the population recommended for the IV, non-uptake was 49.8 (CI95%:43.6-55.9). The perception of low Susceptibility was more common in individuals who did not belong to the target group (74%, CI95%:63.4-82.3 vs. 26%, CI95%:17.7-36.6). By contrast, the Barriers dimension was more frequently mentioned by the target population (45%, CI95%:32.4-58.2 vs. 55%, CI95%:41.8-67.6), namely due to unavailability of stock.
Conclusion:
IV non-uptake was lower for high-risk group of the Portuguese population, compared to the general population. Differences between the reasons not to take the IV, suggest that the group to whom the IV is recommended, due to increased risk of complications, is aware of increased susceptibility. Overall, these results indicate that vaccination campaign seem to be successfully targeting high-risk group, even then efforts need to be maintained to decrease non-uptake.N/
Precursores de Aminas Biogénicas no Pescado e a sua Relação com a Alerginicidade
Get PDFDissertação de Mestrado em Qualidade Alimentar e Saúde, apresentada à Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, 2023.Dissertação orientada pelo Professor Doutor Rui Pinto, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa e coorientada pela Doutora Carla Motta, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge.As reações adversas a alimentos têm vindo a assumir cada vez mais importância no dia-a-dia de vários indivíduos pelo mundo. O termo alergia alimentar é utilizado para descrever respostas imunológicas que podem ser desencadeadas após o consumo de alimentos específicos ou devido a determinadas condições fisiológicas desencadeadas nos indivíduos após o seu consumo. As reações adversas aos alimentos, sejam elas alérgicas ou não, surgem de uma variedade de mecanismos diferentes. Estas podem envolver o sistema imunológico quando se trata de alergias, ou por outro lado, serem apenas reações fisiológicas ou enzimáticas quando se trata de intolerâncias ou intoxicações por determinadas componentes do alimento, nomeadamente aminas biogénicas. Esta dissertação está dividida em cinco partes, onde primeiramente é apresentada uma revisão de bibliografia sobre esta temática, depois a discussão metodológica e aplicação prática, a apresentação de resultados, a sua discussão e a conclusão. Foram realizadas três componentes práticas de forma a fundamentar a bibliografia já existente através dos resultados obtidos. Ao longo do trabalho serão explanadas as características das diferentes proteínas que causam as principais reações adversas, assim como a influência da qualidade microbiológica dos alimentos no desenvolvimento de aminas biogénicas, que são um importante veículo para o desencadeamento de reações adversas ligadas ao consumo de alimentos e que podem desencadear quadros alérgicos. Foi realizado um capítulo experimental onde foram analisados microbiologicamente e quimicamente diversos pratos confecionados com peixe e produtos do mar, assim como foi criado um questionário on-line (amostra conseguida por método de bola de neve) direcionado à população com o objetivo de fazer uma breve identificação e caracterização da população que é afetada com este tipo de patologia. Dada a complexidade de sinais e sintomas que decorrem deste tipo de condição clínica, impõe-se a necessidade de um diagnóstico diferencial que remete a vários fatores de promoção deste tipo de condição. Por esse motivo foi essencial entender a origem de certas debilidades que muitas das vezes surgem no próprio alimento e que após serem consumidos por indivíduos mais sensíveis, podem mesmo desencadear quadros graves de reações adversas. Foi possível concluir que existe uma relação clara entre a qualidade microbiológica dos alimentos e o desenvolvimento de aminas biogénicas, que desencadeiam quadros toxicológicos semelhantes aos alérgicos. Foi também concluído que a alergia ao peixe e produtos do mar é bastante significativa na população portuguesa.Adverse reactions to food have become increasingly important in the daily lives of many individuals around the world. The term food allergy is used to describe immune responses that may be triggered after the consumption of specific foods or due to certain physiological conditions that are triggered in individuals after their consumption. Adverse reactions to food, whether allergic or not, arise from a variety of different mechanisms. These may involve the immune system when it comes to allergies, or on the other hand, they may only be physiological or enzymatic reactions when it comes to intolerances or poisoning by certain food components, namely biogenic amines.
This dissertation is divided into five parts, where first a review of the bibliography on this subject is presented, then the methodological discussion and practical application, the presentation of results, their discussion and the conclusion. Three practical components were performed in order to substantiate the existing bibliography through the results obtained. Throughout the work, the characteristics of the different proteins that cause the main adverse reactions will be explained, as well as the influence of the microbiological quality of food in the development of biogenic amines, which are an important vehicle for triggering adverse reactions linked to food
consumption and that can trigger allergic reactions. An experimental chapter was carried out where several dishes made with fish and seafood products were analyzed microbiologically and chemically, as well as an online questionnaire (sample obtained by the snowball method) directed to the population with the objective of making a brief identification and characterization of the population that is affected with this type of pathology.
Given the complexity of signs and symptoms that arise from this type of clinical condition, there is a need for a differential diagnosis that refers to several factors that promote this type of condition. For this reason, it was essential to understand the origin of certain weaknesses that often arise in the food itself and that after being consumed by more sensitive individuals, can even trigger serious adverse reactions.
It was possible to conclude that there is a clear relationship between the microbiological quality of food and the development of biogenic amines, which trigger allergic-like toxicological pictures.
It was also concluded that allergy to fish and seafood products is quite significant in the Portuguese population.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The disease modelling value of a folklore FAIRYtale: SHEDing light over a special group of genetic disorders
No full textThe problem we are addressing:
Despite extensive research, the links between accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and the clinical features seen in patients suffering from various forms of
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) have yet to be further elucidated. These Lysosomal Storage Diseases (LSDs) present symptoms, which may (or may not) include
critical musculoskeletal and cardiovascular alterations, respiratory problems, and serious neurological dysfunctions. The skeletal and brain systems are the hardest
ones to access and, consequently, those in greatest need of additional knowledge and novel therapeutic solutions.N/