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Car safety: a statistical analysis for marketing management
No full textCar safety is an essential feature of marketing strategies for automobile companies. In this work, a statistical analysis on crash tests is conducted based on data available from European New Car Assessment Programme (Euro NCAP). The research work developed in this chapter presents a statistical analysis of the information produced by Euro NCAP, using the SPSS and MATLAB software, and seeks to answer the following research questions: - are there statistically significant differences on adult occupant safety in the six years under study? - are there statistically significant differences among the best-selling car classes regarding safety in frontal collisions? - are electric and hybrid automobiles less secure than their traditional counterparts with respect to frontal collisions?info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Employees' perception of corporate social responsibility and performance: the mediating roles of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and organizational trust
No full textPurpose – Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an evolving concept which is increasingly being adopted by companies with the purpose of creating sustained organizational growth. However, while the impact of CSR practices on employees’ behaviors and attitudes has been recognized over the years, the relationship between CSR practices and employee performance remains underexplored.
Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on social identity theory and using the partial least squares structural equation method, this research examines the impact of CSR practices on employees’ performance in a sample of 171 employees belonging to the construction industry.
Findings – The findings do not support the existence of a direct relationship between employees’ perception of CSR and their performance; instead, they indicate that this relationship is mediated by job satisfaction and organizational trust.
Research limitations/implications – The data concerns employees’ self-reported measures on their perceived CSR and the study was conducted in a single industry.
Practical implications – Adopting CSR initiatives in company strategies is worthy as the perceptions of employees and their performance is positively influenced by their organization’s CSR activities. Managers
should properly communicate and involve internal stakeholders in socially responsible practices to increase their awareness.
Originality/value – This article analyzes the impact of employees’ perception of CSR on employees’ performance through the roles of employee organizational trust and job satisfaction as mediating variables in a highly socially pressured industry such as construction.This work has been funded by national funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., Project UIDB/05037/2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
CRER: an integrated methodology for the incubation of business ideas in rural communities in Portugal
No full textPurpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology for incubating business ideas in rural communities in Portugal. The work provides an example of a bottom-up approach to rural entrepreneurship.
Design/methodology/approach – The paper analyses case study of an entrepreneurial support organisation conceived and used in rural European regions and aiming at local development through entrepreneurial boost.
Findings – Although the methodology for incubating business ideas was adapted from a similar situation in France, its originality comes from the description of how the awareness of local specificities requires a calibration of the framework.
Research limitations/implications – The case study is the outcome of a pioneering study of incubation of business ideas in rural areas. Further research needs to be taken in order to claim generalisability of these findings to other less favoured target groups.
Practical implications – The incubation of business ideas can be used to encourage local development in declining rural regions. It is important to calibrate the framework used to the local/regional reality.
Originality/value – Apart from being innovative in providing a supportive entrepreneurial infrastructure with mentoring people-based support in the creation of new firms in rural areas, it is also a nation-wide entrepreneurial service innovation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The role of consumers in the adoption of R-strategies: a review and research agenda
No full textThe circular economy is increasingly being considered as a potential model to replace the prevailing end-of-life approach by establishing a closed-loop flow. The importance of different supply chain (SC) actors in this process has been recognized as a critical aspect of the development of sustainable production-consumption models.
Consumers play a crucial role in this context, as they have a dual function: ensuring the correct disposal of used products; and consuming products from circular sources. However, the different roles consumers play (refuse, rethink, reduce, reuse, repair, refurbish, remanufacture, repurpose, recycle, recover) in circular SCs are still unclear. Through a systematic literature review, this paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the influence of consumers on the adoption of circular supply chain (CSC) practices and to identify the main drivers and barriers regarding the adoption of circular practices. The results demonstrate that the topic is recent and has gained ground in the literature. An in-depth qualitative analysis was carried out with the 74 papers identified and shows that the most commonly addressed R-strategies are reuse, recycle and repair. The main motivations and challenges towards a greater adoption of circular practices are related to (or lack of) environmental beliefs and financial benefits.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Internationalization strategies: a complementary perspective using the resource dependency theory
No full textThis chapter explores the internationalization path of ALPHA, a family-owned, medium-sized Portuguese company. The analysis reveals a two-stage process.
Initially, ALPHA’s gradual market entry aligns with the Uppsala model, prioritizing geographically close markets and leveraging accumulated experience. However, later stages demonstrate network-based theory influences. While lacking formal networks, ALPHA prioritizes strong B2B relationships with large international clients, mirroring network bridges for market access. The case highlights the importance of trust-based B2B relationships for success. ALPHA leverages these partnerships to gain market knowledge and access new opportunities. Exporting plays a vital role, keeping ALPHA updated on technological trends and fostering innovation through diverse client projects. The company prioritizes a pragmatic approach focused on strong client relationships and win-win partnerships, emphasizing trust as a key resource. While the RBV perspective highlights investment in internal resources, reliance on intermediaries introduces limitations.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Challenges of the implementation of research, development, and innovation standards: a case study from a glass bottle manufacturer
No full textThis chapter analyzes the challenges faced by a glass bottle manufacturer when incorporating the research, development, and innovation (RDI) standards into the firm’s integrated management systems.
Based on a case study, this chapter explores how the firm managed to incorporate the new standards into the already set of integrated management system based on the ISO 9001, ISO 14001, and OHSAS 18001 standards that the firm has managed to internalize in its continuous improvement process. In order to incorporate this new RDI management system, the firm developed a set of three procedures that involve an ideas management and opportunity evaluation procedure, a production knowledge interface management procedure, and an RDI project management system. These three procedures are now internalized as part of the integrated management system.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The perception of physicians regarding the impacts of climate change on health
No full textAs alterações climáticas têm consequências na saúde humana de várias formas,
contribuindo para o aumento da morbilidade e mortalidade por diversas doenças do foro
respiratório, cardiovascular, infecioso e mental. Compreender como os médicos entendem
as alterações climáticas e as suas consequências para a saúde é fundamental, na medida em
que permite o desenvolvimento de estratégias de prevenção e diagnóstico/tratamento mais
eficazes, bem como atuar no âmbito da adaptação e mitigação, influenciando políticas e
estratégias de intervenção nos diversos territórios.
No entanto, pouco se conhece sobre as perceções dos médicos acerca dos impactos das
alterações climáticas na saúde. Com vista a contribuir para esse conhecimento, procuramos
com esta pesquisa conhecer e compreender como os médicos entendem, explicam e
vivenciam, na sua prática clínica, os impactos das alterações climáticas na saúde humana.
Além disso, importa perceber se se identificam como atores principais na consciencialização
dos seus pacientes sobre os impactos das AC na saúde.
Para concretizar este estudo, recorremos a um desenho metodológico qualitativo que nos
permitisse a compreensão e interpretação do fenómeno do ponto de vista dos sujeitos desta
investigação. Orientamos, ainda, pela abordagem construtivista, porque nos possibilita
conhecer os significados atribuídos à realidade dos sujeitos, levando em consideração os
seus próprios quadros de referência. Devido a estas escolhas, a entrevista semiestruturada e
a análise de conteúdo foram consideradas as técnicas mais adequadas para recolha e análise
de dados.
Os resultados principais desta investigação evidenciam que os médicos estão informados
sobre os efeitos e causas das alterações climáticas e reconhecem os riscos adicionais para a
saúde humana. Eles, ainda, reconhecem o seu papel como atores principais na
conscientização dos pacientes sobre os impactos das AC na saúde. Contudo, ficou expressa
a necessidade de formação, nomeadamente na ligação entre as alterações climáticas e a
saúde, a qual deve ser implementada na educação académica e ao longo da prática
profissional.Climate change affects human health in several ways, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality from various respiratory, cardiovascular, infectious, and mental diseases. Understanding how physicians comprehend climate change and its impact on health is fundamental to developing more effective prevention and diagnostic/treatment strategies. Furthermore, it involves acting in adaptation and mitigation, influencing policies and intervention strategies in various territories.
However, we need to learn more about how physicians perceive the health impacts of climate change. To contribute to this knowledge, we aim this research to comprehend and explore how physicians perceive, explain, and experience, in their clinical practice, the consequences of climate change on human health. In addition, it is crucial to understand whether they identify as the main actors in raising patients' awareness about the health implications of climate change.
To conduct this study, we adopted a qualitative methodological design that allows us to understand and interpret the phenomenon from the point of view of the subjects of this investigation. We have also chosen a constructivist approach, as it enables us to explore the meanings attributed to the subjects' reality, considering their frames of reference. Due to these choices, semi-structured interviews and content analysis were considered the most appropriate data collection and analysis techniques.
The key findings of this research indicated that physicians are aware of the consequences and causes of climate change, and they recognize the additional threat it poses to human health. They also accept their role as key players in raising patients' awareness of the health impacts of climate change. Nevertheless, the participants of this study express the need for training, especially in integrating the connection between climate change and health into academics and professional practice
Representação do desenvolvimento sustentável na imprensa portuguesa
No full textA sustentabilidade e o desenvolvimento sustentável são conceitos cada vez mais
correntes na esfera pública e política. A ONU associa a sustentabilidade a três dimensões
principais: preservação ambiental, desenvolvimento económico e justiça social. A
imprensa tem um papel fundamental na definição dada aos termos e na marcação da
agenda mediática. É por isso importante perceber de que forma a imprensa em Portugal
interpreta, define e noticia o Desenvolvimento Sustentável, qual o enquadramento dado,
qual a narrativa dominante e quem o delineia. Enquanto espelho do debate que integra, a
imprensa serve também de previsor da evolução das políticas para a sustentabilidade no
país. Neste trabalho procura-se aferir o estado do debate sobre o Desenvolvimento
Sustentável em três dos principais títulos: Expresso, Jornal de Notícias e Público. Os
anos escolhidos para análise, 2019 e 2020, permitirão ainda apurar de que forma a
pandemia de COVID-19 influenciou o tratamento dado ao tema.Sustainability and sustainable development are increasingly common concepts in
the public and political spheres. The UN associates sustainability with three main
dimensions: environmental conservation, economic development and social justice. The
press has a fundamental role in defining these terms and setting the media agenda. It is
therefore important to understand how the press in Portugal interprets, defines and reports
Sustainable Development, under which framework, the dominant narrative and who
delineates it. As a mirror of the debate it integrates, the press also serves as a predictor of
the evolution of policies for sustainability in the country. This paper seeks to assess the
state of the Sustainable Development debate in three main titles: Expresso, Jornal de
Notícias and Público. The years chosen for analysis, 2019 and 2020, will also allow us to
determine how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the treatment given to this issue
School dropouts among girls in primary education in Mozambique: the case of 3 de Fevereiro Primary School-Nicoadala
No full textO presente estudo versa sobre “A desistência escolar das raparigas no Ensino
Primário em Moçambique: o caso da Escola Primária 3 de Fevereiro-Nicoadala”, tendo
como ponto de partida o seguinte problema: porque continuam as raparigas a desistir
da escola, sobretudo no 3º ciclo do Ensino Primário? O objetivo é de compreender
como atuam e interagem os fatores que influenciam na desistência das raparigas no
3º ciclo de aprendizagem na perspetiva de contribuir para um conhecimento mais
aprofundado do fenómeno da desistência escolar das raparigas em Moçambique a
partir de um estudo de caso aprofundado tendo em conta as diversidades regionais e
as particularidades de cada uma das comunidades. Para a efetivação do estudo
tomou-se como base uma revisão de literatura sobre a desistência escolar, sendo
igualmente analisados dados estatísticos sobre a desistência escolar de forma a
contextualizar o fenómeno registado na Escola Primária 3 de Fevereiro-Nicoadala cuja
abordagem foi de natureza qualitativa, numa perspetiva descritiva. Teve a participação
de oito (8) pessoas de entre membros de direção da escola, docentes, alunas e mães
e/ou encarregadas de educação, os quais foram conduzidas entrevistas a partir de 5
guiões elaborados de forma had hoc para este estudo. Com base nos resultados do
estudo, concluiu-se que na Escola Primária 3 de Fevereiro, constituem fatores de
Desistência Escolar das Raparigas, os seguintes: Fatores institucionais que têm a ver
com as formas de tratamento das raparigas durante a condução do Processo de
Ensino-Aprendizagem; o comportamento inadequado de alguns rapazes sobre as
raparigas; possibilidades de assédio sexual perpetrado por professores; indefinição
clara de iniciativas de combate à desistência escolar e de sensibilização das famílias
e das raparigas desistentes para o retorno à escola; inexistência de um sistema
devidamente organizado para tratar assuntos relacionados com questões de género;
fraco desempenho dos principais órgãos de gestão escolar (sobretudo o Conselho de
Escola) tendo em vista o real papel a ser desempenhado por estes. Fatores
socioculturais que têm a ver com a passividade das famílias e da liderança local em
relação aos casos emergentes uniões prematuras e gravidezes precoces; fraco
acompanhamento da escolaridade das raparigas, denotando passividade das famílias
na exigência de frequência escolar ou de retorno à escola para os casos assumidos
como de desistência. Fatores económicos que têm a ver com a privação das raparigas
nas atividades agrícolas e nos negócios realizados pelas famílias como forma de
assegurar o sustento familiar.This study deals with " School dropout among girls in primary school in Mozambique:
the case of 3 de Fevereiro Primary School-Nicoadala ", with the following problem
starting point: why do girls continue to drop out of school, specifically in the third cycle
of primary school? The aim is to understand how the factors that influence girls
dropping out of school in the third cycle of learning act and interact, with a vision to
contributing to a more in-depth understanding of the phenomenon of girls dropping out
of school in Mozambique, based on an in-depth case study that takes into account
regional diversities and the particularities of each of the communities. The study was
based on a literature review on school dropout, and statistical data on school dropout
was also analysed to contextualize the phenomenon recorded at 3 de Fevereiro
Primary School-Nicoadala, using qualitative approach, from a descriptive perspective.
The study engaged eight (8) people, including members of the school's management,
teachers, pupils and mothers and/or caregivers, who were interviewed using five
scripts drawn up in a had hoc manner for this study. Based on the results of the study,
it was concluded that at 3 de Fevereiro Primary School, the following are factors that
causes girls to drop out of school: Institutional factors having to the ways in which girls
are treated during the Teaching-Learning Process; the inappropriate behaviour of
some boys towards girls; the possibility of sexual harassment perpetrated by teachers;
the clear lack of initiatives to combat school dropout and to raise awareness among
families and dropout girls about returning to school; the lack of a properly organized
system for dealing with gender-related issues; the poor performance of the main school
management bodies (especially the School Council) in view of the real role to be played
by them. Socio-cultural factors that are related to the passivity of families and local
leadership in relation to emerging cases of premature unions and early pregnancies;
poor monitoring of girls' schooling, denoting passivity of the families in demanding
school attendance or a return to school for cases assumed to be dropouts. Economic
factors that have to do with the deprivation of girls in agricultural activities and in the
businesses carried out by families as a way of ensuring the family's livelihood
Green supply chain practices in the plastics industry in Portugal: rhe moderating effects of traceability, ecocentricity, environmental culture, environmental uncertainty, competitive pressure, and social responsibility
No full textThe proper use of resources in an industrial environment is crucial for the sustainability of the industry and the planet. As the supply chain is important for improving companies’ environmental performance, this article measures the impact of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices on the environmental performance of companies in the plastics industry in Portugal. Environmental culture, environmental uncertainty, competitive pressure, ecocentricity, social responsibility in procurement and value chain traceability were used to moderate the relationship between GSCM and environmental performance. Using seven regression models via partial least squares structural equation modeling, it was possible to test the six moderators referred to above. The results demonstrate that GSCM practices have a positive impact on companies’ environmental performance; however,
the moderating effects tested proved not to be statistically significant. The immediate consequences for firms are clear: it is mandatory for them to implement an environmental, ecocentric culture if they want to manage the socio-environmental challenges of procurement and the traceability of the supply chain; only then will they be able to deal with both environmental uncertainty and the competitive pressures of supply chain sustainability.
The biggest current challenges lie in the rational use of plastic resources and their reuse, either by the industry or by the end user, in terms of conscientious consumption and correct routing for their reuse. According to the natural resource-based theory, it is possible to claim that firms have capabilities but lack the resources to cope
with environmental challenges they are facing to properly internalize the changes and to implement them across the supply chain.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio