REAL CORP
Not a member yet
1255 research outputs found
Sort by
Approaches of Flexible Spatial Planning to Sustainable Cities
Get PDFThis paper is a literature review of approaches of flexibility in spatial planning. It is about key elements which provide a flexible spatial planning to sustainable cities. Spatial planning plays a decisive role in the implementation of sustainable adaptation measures and inensuring the climate stability of spatial developments. Because urban structures have an impact on energy consumption and pollution, depending on how a building, park or square is designed. In order to explore this issue, the paper first underscore the current environmental challenges and combines them with current challenges in spatial planning to point out the need of flexible spatial planning; second, explains why flexibility is necessary and which advantages it brings for sustainable city planning; third gives an overview of existing approaches in the literature. Next it provides the key flexibility elements analyzed from literature review. In conclusion the paper presents eight key elements which provides flexibility in spatial planning: Planning rules and norms, Programs and Concepts, Organization, Experiments, Control and Limits, Utilization structures, Spatial Planner and Time
Automatisierte Generierung eines 3D-Baumkatasters am Beispiel des KIT Campus Nord
Get PDFBei Baumkontrollen werden sogenannte Baumkataster angelegt, in denen Informationen über in einem
bestimmten Bereich befindliche Bäume dokumentiert werden. In ihnen wird unter anderem die Gestalt der
Bäume durch die Parametern Baumhöhe, Baumkronendurchmesser und Baumkronenumfang beschrieben. Im
Rahmen dieses Beitrages wird ein in Python entwickeltes Analyse- und Transformationswerkzeug
vorgestellt, welches erlaubt, Baumdaten in unterschiedlicher, strukturierter Form (CSV, XML) einzulesen,
tabellarisch darzustellen und zu analysieren. Weiterhin ermöglicht es, aus den Gestalt beschreibenden Daten
ein 3D-Modell abzuleiten und dieses im standardisierten Datenformat CityGML unter Verwendung des
Vegetation-Moduls als geometrisches 3D Modell mit den vorhandenen Sachdaten zu exportieren
Using Nature-Based Solutions to Create more Climate-Resilient, Green and Livable Mediterranean Cities: Experiences from Castellón and Cannes
Get PDFCities around the world are undergoing significant transformations and are facing substantial challenges in the form of urban densification and extreme weather conditions due to climate change and ongoing urbanisation. Nature-based solutions (NBS) present an approach to address urban challenges through working with nature in order to achieve ecological and resilience objectives, whilstconcurrently creating opportunities for social and economic innovation. UNaLab is a project funded by the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, which aims to create a framework for implementation, demonstration and future upscaling of nature-based solutions in three demonstration cities (Tampere, Eindhoven and Genova), as well as for the replication of the solutions in seven replication cities: Basaksehir, Cannes, Castellón de la Plana, Prague, Stavanger, Buenos Aires, Hong Kong. As part of this project, the cities of Cannes (France) and Castellón(Spain) have been working towards a NBS roadmap using different co-creation formats. In a weeklong on-site process, the current state of the urban systems regarding NBS in the city was examined and suitable intervention areas and project ideas were identified and co-developed together with various city stakeholders to enhance the cities’ resilience and climate change adaptation potential. Amongst others, the interventions include the creation of green-themed corridors, the strengthening and revitalization of remaining urban agricultural land, the design and implementation of (circular) water retention systems or the renaturalization of existing rivercourses. Being Mediterranean cities, Cannes and Castellón face similar challenges and opportunities in terms of city greening and urban planning, which will be discussed in this paper. A presentation of the outcomes, impacts and experiences on how NBS are contributing to initiating a positive transformation process and the creation of livable, healthy and feel-good placeswill also be given
City for All: Livable Peripheral Neighbourhoods in Ruse (Bulgaria) through Advanced Mobility
Get PDFRuse is the 5th biggest city in Bulgaria situated along Danube River. Druzhba is a new peripheral district in Ruse, home for more than 15% of its population, characterised by intense car traffic, poor public transport offer, lack of pedestrian and cycling infrastructure and lack of parking spots. A large share of the citizens living in Druzhba use personal cars and taxi services for these trips thus causing congestion, traffic accidents, air pollution and noise. There are no sidewalks and safety cross walks at the main Druzhba boulevard to the city centre. Pedestrians suffer under the growing road traffic and are very vulnerable to road accidents. Many local children and senior citizens have respiratory diseases. In 2015 CSDCS invited Ruse to participate as a Bulgarian city in the CIVITAS ECCENTRIC Project and both partners started its implementation in 2016. The overall objective and impacts of ECCENTIC are reached during the project lifetime by demonstration and testing of integrated packages of innovative solutions for sustainable mobility in peri-central ‘living laboratory’ areas, combining new policies, technologies and soft measures. It could be achieved by improving the quality of public space and roadconditions for safe walking, increased participation of citizens and local stakeholders in developing mobility policies, services and traffic safety plans for suburban neighbourhoods, and changing the mobility mind-sets of citizens through direct and dialogue marketing and hands-on trainings, especially focussing on vulnerable groups (older people, school children, disabled). The paper describes the innovative mobility solutions in the Ruse peripheral neighborhood named Druzhba (Friendship) that clearly contributed to the livability of the city of Ruse
Co-Creation and Sustainable Urban Planning: Who Co-Creates Sustainable Mobility Solutions at the Neighbourhood Level? Experiences from the Horizon 2020 Project “Sunrise”
Get PDFCo-creation is applied as a key concept to develop, implement, assess, and facilitate learning about new ways to address urban mobility challenges at the neighbourhood level in the HORIZON 2020 project SUNRISE1(“Sustainable Urban Neighbourhoods - Research and Implementation Support in Europe”). SUNRISE’s objective is to contribute to sustainable urban development by stimulating co-creative processes and problem solutions in neighbourhoods in the field of new mobility concepts and new forms of mobility. Towards this aim, six cities (Bremen, Budapest Jerusalem, Malmö Southend on Sea, Thessaloniki) are fostering comprehensive collaborative processes with various actors in specific neighbourhoods with the explicitmandate to implement sustainable mobility solutions. The involvement of different actors is an important aspect and a challenge for co-creation processes. On the one hand, the involvement of residents and other stakeholders in sustainable urban planning is seen aspromising. in terms of achieving better results to improve the adaptability of socio-ecological systems. On the other hand, there are often questions such as: "who is participating?", "how can different actors be reached?" and "what results can be achieved with co-creation?". This paper provides answers to these questions based on experiences from co-creation processes in the SUNRISE project. After defining and embedding the term co-creation in planning theory, this paper gives an overview of the involved actors in the co-creation processes in SUNRISE, the co-creation activities carried out, and the mobility solutions developed on the neighbourhood level. Finally, the challenges of involving various actors in co-creative processes and the opportunities for co-creation when planning sustainable mobility solutions on the neighbourhood level will be discussed
Supporting the Transformation Process to Smart Sustainable Cities in Switzerland: Implementation Guidelines and Promising Practices
Get PDFChallenges such as the digitalisation of administration, the change of cities through urbanisation, climate change and the restructuring of infrastructure systems in the energy and mobility sector require a rethinking of the existing urban development approaches. The Smart City concept enables cities to tackle these challenges in the sense of a holistic development approach across departments, networked with partners and supported by digital technologies. In Switzerland's view, the Smart City concept goes far beyond internal administrative e-government and digitisation strategies. The overriding goal is to develop efficient and resource-saving solutions while at the same time increasing the quality of life and the attractiveness of the location. The overall aim is to create an innovative urban environment that involves the inhabitants and the economy and opens up new design possibilities
Canberra – Cultural Controversies and Urban Change in a Capital City Region
Get PDFMaking international headline news, the uncontrollable forest fires that have devastated much of Australia in the summer of 2019/2020 have added a dramatic sense of urgency to the focus of this paper on cultural controversies in Canberra – controversies that relate to key themes of the REALCORP 2020 conference: the links between climate change and immanent natural disasters; the problematic co-ordination of urban development among urban and regional authorities; the conflict-ridden connections between public planning and real estate interests; and the role of civil society in the urban transformation process. The Australian Federal Capital has come a long way from its conception as a physical expression of parliamentary democracy designed in 1911 for a new, progressive nation, hailed at the time in Germany as ‘The Social Continent.’ Cultural controversies on ideals and issues such as urban vs. suburban ideal concepts, leasehold vs. freehold land, and welfare state politics vs. market-led development were reflected in the growth and change of the capital during the 20th century. By 1988, urban development under conditions of high planning control on leasehold land had led to the production of a city that could be summarized as ‘a perfectionist garden city metropolis.’ This paper focuses on transformations that have eroded this ideal in recent years through a combination of dysfunctional inter-governmental relations, neoliberal policies, power plays among public and private actors, and superficial populism. In 1988, withdrawal of the Federal Government from most of its responsibilities for Canberra plunged the city into a fundamental crisis in term of its role and identity, its administration and its finance throwing up questions such as: Do we need a national capital at all? If so, which functions should the capital cater for? Should certain government departments be relocated to regional districts (preferably at the seat of the Federal politicians lobbying for such a strategy)? Does it make sense to maintain the ambitions the founders of Canberra had for creating a model city, ‘The Pride of Time’ or should Canberra pursue a path of ‘normalization’ by following the ‘business as usual’ pattern that characterizes urbandevelopment in most other Australian cities? Isn’t public planning an expression of ‘nanny state’ ideologies anyway? And above all, how should the burden of national and local expenses for the capital be divided? At the administrative level, Canberra was subjected to years of turbulent change, with negative consequences at many levels including poorly devolved responsibility for forest management. This contributed to theconditions for a devastating bush fire in 2003, a harbinger of the fires of 2019/2020, played out in a political climate of climate change denial. Establishment of new suburbs on the burnt-out western flank of the city, exposed to the same threat of wildfire as in 2003 are an ominous sign of a development ethos that has put real estate interests above sound planning principles. In another instance, independent review by the Auditor General of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) exposed a serious “lack of transparency and accountability” in the way in which the ACT government mingled public and private real estate interests – an issue of continuing concern, particularly given the ACT’s recent agreement to cross-border development on rural lands long-held by land owners in the state of New South Wales. A core issue is that Federal Government divestment of all responsibilities beyond core national capital functions has meant that a substantial part of Canberra’s local government revenue has been financed through the sale of greenfield land. Since this approach is unsustainable given the limited extent of developable land in the ACT, strategies have been adopted which have culminated in densification through high-rise luxury apartment blocks. The upshot has been an intense cultural controversy driven by a remarkably crude and aggressive campaign by local politicians in unison with one of the biggest local developers ridiculing the planning approaches of the past and literally smashing the long-established image of Canberra as ‘The Bush Capital, ’ a city oriented on the Australian landscape. Even the way in which the introduction of light rail is linked into this process does not come as the desired triumph of sustainability. One of the many issues there is that it is partly financed through the relocation of public housing to bushfire prone areas at the edge of the city. In the context of these cultural controversies, Canberra’s civil society is beginning to raise its voice, but is still struggling to do so in a way that ensures more than sporadic victories
Study on the Classification Method of Urban Vitality Spatial Pattern Based on Full-Time Vitality Spectrum:A Case Study of Tianjin, China
Get PDFUrban vitality represents the use of urban space. The higher the vitality, the stronger the attraction. How urban space is used in the planning process and how the vitality changes within the space during the day are important evaluation indicators of the quality of urban space. Based on this, this study uses the Internet of Things big data product, the heat map, to change within a day, and draws on the concept of the ground feature spectral curve in remote sensing to propose a full-time urban energy spectral line model. And identify the type of urban space vitality. Taking Tianjin as an example, by classifying and sorting out the temporal-spatial characteristics of urban vitality levels, this paper explores the spatial distribution characteristics of urban vitality in different periods of time, the characteristics of urban vitality changes under day-night contrast, and the spatial distribution of urban vitality types in a full-time perspective feature. Based on the above results, we put forward planning suggestions for Tianjin's vitality promotion and day-night synergy, combined with the business characteristics of key areas, and put forward targeted urban renewal measures and corresponding policy recommendation
Exploring the Applicability of Sustainable Development Goals in Fringe Areas of Fast Growing Metropolises
Get PDFThe social sustainability of the north-east Asia has been threatened by the rising population and poverty. The unplanned metropolitan and suburban growth endangers the existing systems of social, economic and environmental balance and creates hindrances towards sustainable development. Existing urban infrastructure has become unable to cater services to all citizens resulting poor quality of life. Thegovernment is also struggling to pay for new and expanded services. Most of the existing metropolitan cities in the south-east Asia were not planned how to face these kinds of problems when it arise. Contemporary policy problems are to be found in the rural areas of this region which act as hindrances of the city expansion. In most of the cases the existing metropolitan cities expand without any proper guidelines where the cities hardly breathe. The people living in urban fringe areas are contributing to the economy; they are more susceptible to social, economic and environmental shocks generated within the region. The Fringe area Development may be a solution to these growing problems in this region. Urban Fringe is an area that situates between urban and rural system. Fringe is defined as a relation to the city and exists in agriculture hinterland (area around or beyond a major town) where land use is changing .It is the most sensitive, dynamic and swiftly changing area during the urbanization process. However to minimize the growing development pressure of the metropolis emergence of fringe area development has become popular to decentralize the population in this region. But at the same time the development without proper guidelines results poor services in the fringe areas which has become a common phenomenon in the region and it gradually attempts to destroy the overall infrastructure and environment of the metropolis. In 2015 the UNDP has formed certain global goals known as “Sustainable Development Goals”. The motto of the SDGs is “To provide a better future for everyone of the society”. However it is noticeable that in most of the cases the fringe area development in this region is basically focused to cope up with the present scenario; either focuses on social or economic or environmental benefit. But to achieve the SDG it should be focused on these three perspectives equally. In Indian context the fringe area development is focused to decrease and decentralize the pressure of the mother city. Thus it is hardly seen to achieve the SDG in Indian scenario. In the contrast in the developed countries the fringe area development hardly neglects any of the three perspectives of the sustainability as the cities are already developed in every aspect that the fringe area development does not require to decrease and decentralize the pressure of the mother city. So the fringe area development in developed countries is more likely policy oriented whereas in south-east Asian context it is more likely depends on the nature and characteristics of the mother city. . This paper aims how far is it applicable to induce the SDGs in the fringe areas in Indian scenario so that it may draw sustainability in these metropolitan cities as well as in the fringe area
The Vertical Urban Factory as a Concept for Mixed Use in Future Cities
Get PDFIn many European cities, production in backyards and inner city multi-storey buildings had been part of the cityscape since industrialisation. However, since then, such production spaces have continued to move to greenfield sites and have thereby created monofunctional industrial areas in the periphery. While the drivers for this ‘spatial decoupling’ are manifold (e.g. economies of scale, mass motorization, land prices, regulatory restrictions), strategies to influence and counteract segregation remain scarce. Mixing residential and working areas contributes significantly to energy-efficient urban development and the achievement of ambitious smart city goals and a lively urban fabric. While the digital transformation of industrial production (‘Industry 4.0’) seems to prepare the return of urban industry to mixed-use neighbourhoods, there are still considerable obstacles. Concepts to make production in the city attractive again for companies are currently still the exception. Nonetheless there are approaches in European cities: Berlin adopted a masterplan (‘Masterplan Industriestadt Berlin 2018-2021’) to improve the framework conditions for industrial companies. The ‘Regional Sustainable Development Plan’ of the city of Brussels provides support for urban production by planning instruments, such as ‘ZEMU’ zones; these zones enable a more intensive and mixed-use of industrial land. The spatial development strategy in London, known as ‘the London Plan’, contains provision for the protection of industrial land within the city. Against this background, our research project ‘Vertical Urban Factory’ analyses architectural, legal and transportation parameters for mixing working and residential areas in cities. For the project, we build on the concept of vertical urban factories and explore the potentials of reintegrating multi-storey production in European cities. In doing so, we use Vienna as an example of a typical European city which has recently developed a planning strategy for the ‘Productive City’. Based on results from basic scientific research, case studies, best practice examples and numerous interviews with companies, we ultimately develop five innovative, city-compatible and vertically organized building prototypes of ‘vertical urban factories’. These consider the existing urban structure, legal restrictions, global and local objectives, production needs and urban freight logistics. In the present paper, we will give an overview of key results from our project. In doing so, we will introduce essential aspects and characteristics of a ‘productive city’. Based on this understanding, we will first discuss architectural parameters and transportation aspects of reintegrating production in cities illustrated by three prototypes. Then, we will engage with legal approaches (e.g. financial incentives, spatial planning instruments) and their framework conditions relevant for enabling production in the city