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Wie bindet man seine Mitarbeitenden? Fördern die Arbeitgeberattraktivität und die betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung die Bleibemotivation der Mitarbeitenden? Eine quantitative Fragebogenstudie
Get PDFMit einem Rekordhoch von zwei Millionen unbesetzten Arbeitsplätzen auf dem heutigen Arbeitsmarkt war die Notwendigkeit der Mitarbeiterbindung noch nie so relevant. Diese Studie untersucht die Beziehungen zwischen Arbeitgeberattraktivität und betrieblicher Gesundheitsförderung zu allgemeiner Arbeitszufriedenheit und Bleibemotivation, um die wichtigsten Schraubstellen für die Mitarbeiterbindung zu finden. Das erdachte Untersuchungsmodell dieser Studie orientiert sich hierbei an einem Modell von Dassler et al. (2022). Zwetsloot et al. (2010) und Suárez-Albanchez et al. (2021), sind ebenfalls für die Theoretische Einordnung der Variablen dieser Arbeit relevant. Die Daten wurden mittels eines Online-Fragebogens erhoben, an dem 116 Probanden teilnahmen und durch eine aus einem Vorjahr stammende Bachelorarbeit ergänzt, was zu einer Gesamtstichprobe von 212 Befragten führte. Für die Untersuchung der Arbeitgeberattraktivität wurde teilweise eine Skala von Zimber (unveröffentlicht, Hochschule der Wirtschaft für Management) verwendet. Unter den fünf Facetten der Arbeitgeberattraktivität zeigte sich unerwartet, dass der inhaltliche Anspruch negative Auswirkung auf die allgemeine Arbeitszufriedenheit hat, während sich die Soziale Interaktion als ein starker Prädiktor für eben diese herauskristallisierte. Zusätzlich trug die persönliche Entwicklung als stärkster Einfluss zur Vorhersage der Bleibemotivation bei. Die betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung spielt eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Steigerung der Bleibemotivation, ohne jedoch einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die allgemeine Arbeitszufriedenheit zu haben. Affectives Commitment erwies sich als entscheidender Mediator der Beziehungen der unabhängigen Variablen (Arbeitgeberattraktivität und betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung) zu den abhängigen Variablen (allgemeine Arbeitszufriedenheit und Bleibemotivation). Zusammenfassend betont diese Studie die Bedeutung von Arbeitgeberattraktivität und betrieblicher Gesundheitsförderung als Schwerpunkte zur Steigerung der Mitarbeiterbindung. Diese Faktoren zu priorisieren, um eine zufriedenere und engagiertere Belegschaft zu fördern wäre dementsprechend für Arbeitgebende empfehlenswert
Passive Cooling Technologies for Reducing the Heating of Containers
Get PDFContainers are widely used within the Bundeswehr, especially in military camps. These containers often overheat, most notably in southern areas. High temperatures can cause problems like accelerated ageing of stored material or failure of electronic equipment running inside. Air conditioning systems can counteract this but consume high amounts of energy and require regular maintenance.
Passive cooling technologies, i.e. technologies that cool without requiring additional energy, are intended to alleviate this problem. The simplest passive cooling technology is shading e.g. by applying additional roofing or camouflage nets. However, the disadvantages are the additional required material and the assembly and disassembly whenever the container is moved.
New technologies for passive cooling are based on different mechanisms: Coatings can reduce the solar heat-up either by being highly reflective or through a novel mechanism called passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC). Another technique is the use of heat storage panels, which contain phase change material (PCM) to minimize the daytime heating of the containers. Furthermore, spacer fabrics on the surface of containers allow cooling based on the chimney effect.
To evaluate the passive cooling power of the different technologies, containers were equipped with three different cooling coating systems, heat storage panels, spacer fabrics, roofing and camouflage net. Two regular containers were used as a baseline. Temperature was measured at each container at different spots inside and outside. Further, every container was equipped with an air conditioning system and a power meter to measure energy consumption.
All containers with passive cooling technologies showed lower temperatures compared to the reference containers. The power measurements confirmed a lower energy consumption of the air-conditioning systems. PDRC coatings, PCMs und spacer fabrics show a better passive cooling power than shadowing like e.g. roofing. PDRC coatings were the most effective technology overall in this setup, but dependent on the application scenarios, the other passive cooling systems can also be powerful
Decoding Stress – ein interdisziplinärer Analyseansatz zur Identifikation Stress auslösender Faktoren für den urbanen Rad- und Fußverkehr
Get PDFWie nehmen wir Stadträume wahr, wenn wir mit dem Fahrrad oder zu Fuß unterwegs sind? An welchen
Orten in der Stadt fühlen wir uns wohl, respektive unwohl und gestresst? Welche spezifischen Faktoren
beeinflussen dabei unsere Emotionen? Und vor allem: Mit welchen Methoden können diese Einflussfaktoren
entschlüsselt werden?
Ausgehend von den Emo-Cycling-Stressmessungen der Urban Emotions Initiative (Zeile et al., 2014).
untersucht die Studie „Decoding Stress“ auffallende Stress-Hotspots für Radfahrende im urbanen Kontext.
Im Fokus steht dabei die Entwicklung eines interdisziplinären und multimodalen Analyseansatzes zur
Erweiterung der Stressorenanalyse. Neben diversen digitalen Analysemethoden beschäftigt sich der
vorgestellte Forschungsansatz dabei intensiv mit der Erweiterung der Methodik um einen bislang
vorwiegend im Bereich der Architektur und Stadtplanung bekannten, „analogen“ Werkzeugkasten (Eckart,
2014). Mithilfe dieses Methodenmix erprobt die Studie einen holistischen Analyseansatz, der erstmals
quantifizierbare „harte“ Faktoren und qualifizierbare „weiche“ Faktoren gleichermaßen berücksichtigt. Die
gewonnenen Erkenntnisse leisten einen Beitrag dazu, die interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit von Stadt- und
Verkehrsplanung zu fördern und gemeinsame Lösungsansätze für qualitätsvolle und menschengerechte
öffentliche Stadträume zu erarbeiten.
In diesem Beitrag werden die im Jahr 2023 durchgeführten Stressorenanalysen aus den vier Fallstudien in
den Untersuchungsstädten Karlsruhe und Osnabrück vorgestellt und miteinander verglichen. Dabei werden
die angeführten Analysen einerseits inhaltlich hinsichtlich erster gewonnener Erkenntnisse ausgewertet und
andererseits die angewandte Methodik evaluiert und hinsichtlich einer möglichen Weiterentwicklung
geprüft
Sustainable Operation of Digital Infrastructure in the Smart City: Practical Experience and Implications
Get PDFIn the rapidly evolving landscape of smart cities, the emphasis on leveraging data for urban development often overshadows the critical consideration of how IoT infrastructure will be operated and how Internet of Things (IoT) data is captured. This paper explores the essential elements of establishing a robust IoT network and platform as the foundation for Urban Data Platforms, highlighting the challenges associated with the operation of IoT networks and shows implications for a future operation of the the Smart City infrastructure. The paper delves into practical experiences, shedding light on the intricacies of sustaining digital infrastructure in smart cities. Specifically, it addresses the balance between the functionalities of IoT networks, the scalability of hardware, and the efficient capture of real-time IoT data. The discussion encompasses technological, environmental, and socio-economic aspects, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach to ensure the longevity and sustainability of these digital ecosystems. It states the point that municipal utilities and service providers play a pivotal role as operators of the physical component of the digital infrastructure in this context. Their responsibilities extend beyond the provision of IoT networks to ensuring reliability, scalability, and security. The significance of these actors as cornerstones for the successful implementation and ongoing operation of digital infrastructures in urban. Through an integrative approach, municipal utilities can serve as critical partners in addressing the challenges of urbanization in the era of the Internet of Things, laying the foundation for sustainable, liveable cities
About the “Soundscape”: Are you a Pro or a Con?
Get PDFThere are two meanings of the term “soundscape”. One is pragmatic, and means the noise in a public place, that one wants to reduce, in general. The other is wider and theoretical. The approach of the paper follows the career of this notion of soundscape, the theoretical one. The notion is useful, in particular in the field of culture. But it is an urban legend. In urban planning, the soundscape cannot have an important role. The residents want quiet public places. It remains that there is a stake of urban governance: it concerns these places where feasts occur, generating too much noise from the point of view of the residents
Fourth Nature: Regenerating Cosmicity
Get PDFWhat characterizes the New Era? The New Era signifies a shift towards a heightened consciousness of interconnectedness and responsibilities, both within ourselves and with the external world. Our homes and cities are built in a way that discourages meaningful connections and lacks a sense of cosmic integration - they exist in isolation from the natural order. As humans, endowed with unique capabilities, we play a role in co-creating our reality. This underscores the importance of urban regeneration, which must occur in tandem with human evolution. Nature is ready to initiate the necessary regeneration urgently required. "Because we, as proud children of science and reason, have made ourselves orphans of ancestral knowledge and Nature wisdom" - as says Chopra. This is where the Fourth Nature concept emerges, offering a path forward: it ignites a new consciousness within us and becomes manifest in our living spaces The failures observed in current models stem from our failure to acknowledge ourselves and our creations as integral parts of Nature. While this separation may exist primarily in our minds, its effects are profound. To harness the full potential of our technological advancements, we must cultivate greater sensitivity, for the betterment of our own well-being and that of all humanity. It signifies a new paradigm. Our evolutionary journey depends on a significant leap in consciousness - embracing cosmicity, the state of being cosmic, integrated, and interconnected. The absence of Nature in our cities and lives is no longer tenable. The repercussions of this disconnect are palpable: natural calamities, widespread hunger, and pervasive poverty, despite the Earth's inherent abundance. Regeneration extends beyond brownfields; it is imperative across all urbanized areas where Nature has been neglected, disregarded, or excluded. The city of Porto Alegre, for example, has a former industrial area called Fourth District - a zone where Nature shows its power and presence amidst neglect. Towering trees calmly observe humanity's struggles under its shadow. Wild fruits and flowers thrive along walkways, while old buildings offer shelter to residents on cozy balconies and benches, in an interesting scale. Revitalizing this area may not be as daunting as it might seem. It involves more than mere preservation or devastation; it entails understanding the quality of the pre-existence as well as restoring the connection to local food production, implementing sustainable waste and rainwater management strategies, and employing intelligent, cost-effective building practices. This paper explores the idea that the success of the New Era hinges on such actions - where healthy living is not merely an option but the most accessible choice for all
Human Behaviour in Africa: a Real Challenge Factor towards Building Smart Cities
Get PDFTraditional behaviours and lack of education are two main elements that lead to resistance for change. However the new approaches of development, especially human centred design helps to break the ice and allow individuals and groups to lead the change by themselves. Humans in general and Africans in particular usually resist change. The old generation is not prepared to adapt and support the change. Using technologies in public services is a burden for them. The resistance for change from all community stakeholders including residents, local authorities and local business can slow down the process and delay the adoption of technology integration urban planification. However the inclusion of all stakeholders in early stages during the policy making process allows the success for change. Therefore, the success of building Smart cities in Africa and Morocco in particular needs to start from civil society integration in the decision making process. The idea needs to come from the people and the city council needs to play the role of the facilitator. Another factor is privacy and identity. Smart cities are defined by locals with limited or no education background as a tool for disconnection from the original culture. In the meantime, the privacy concern relates to collecting personal data of the citizens. Therefore, the city councils need to include this important element in their strategic action plans. Building trust and familiarising citizens with new technologies planned to be integrated in the citizen's daily life is a must. If there is lack of trust on how the personal data is protected during and after the implementation of smart cities’ projects, it can lead to total rejection of citizens. Africa continents lack awareness and clear understanding of smart cities. The example of Agadir smart city in Morocco has exposed all mentioned challenges and obstacles. Despite significant investment put by the government and the local council to rebuild Agadir city with integrating technologies to enhance public service and create an environmentally smart city in Morocco. However, the cultural and social factors including societal norms can play a huge role in delaying the implementation of Agadir smart city. This factor will influence the interaction of citizens with integrated technologies in their daily lives.The municipality of Agadir action plan of 2022 to 2027 can be an example of citizens integration in the process of building and implementing smart city initiative through organising consultative meetings with all community stakeholders to have a say about the action plan
Vereinbarkeit von ganzheitlich gedachter Ökologie und Ökonomie in einem Gewerbequartier
Get PDFDie Kommunen Jülich, Niederzier und Titz sowie der Kreis Düren entwickeln ein 52 ha großes interkommunales Gewerbegebiet, den Brainergy Park. Ziel ist es, mit diesem Leuchtturmprojekt im Rheinischen Revier 4.000 Arbeitsplätze anzusiedeln, mit besonderem Fokus auf die Bereiche nachhaltige Energie, Bioökonomie und Digitalisierung unter Einbindung der lokalen Forschungs- und Startup-Landschaft. Entsprechend wurde neben einer dekarbonisierten energetischen Versorgung der Fokus auf eine nachhaltige Erschließung von Anfang an gelegt; hierzu waren die relevanten stake-holder zu identifizieren und frühzeitig anzusprechen und einzubinden. Die lokal vorhandene Expertise aus der Wissenschaft und Forschungslandschaft, namentlich die RWTH Aachen, FH Aachen am Standort Jülich, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Helmholtz-Institut, Fraunhofer-Institut, Forschungszentrum Jülich um nur einige zu nennen, sollte ergänzt werden um Versorgungsansätze von innovativen Akteuren aus dem Energieversorgungsbereich. Denn es sollte ja nicht nur Ideen geäußert, sondern diese auch in Planungsvorschläge überführt, mit Erfahrung angereichert und dann zur Umsetzung gebracht werden. Gleichsam soll die Erschließung ökologischen Ansätzen folgen und die eigenen Gebäude des Brainergy Parks wie Brainergy Hub, start-up Village sowie die Energiezentrale durch ihre nachhaltige Errichtung und Betrieb Vorbild sein und bei den weiteren Investoren zur Nachahmung anregen
New Adaptation Strategy to Changing Local Climatic Conditions in Urban Areas? The Use of Leaf-Turning Tree Species
Get PDFThe effects of climate change are especially felt in urban areas. Rising temperatures and changing
precipitation patterns are challenging the maintenance of green oases in cities. However, urban trees are
becoming increasingly important in mitigating these negative climatic effects, as they offer positive cooling
potential to the surrounding area through the shading and evaporation capacity of the vegetation. At the same
time, they are also susceptible to these weather extremes such as summer heat and drought, resulting in high
surface runoff and low infiltration rates. This leads to the problem that native urban tree species, such as
large-leaved lime (Tilia platyphyllos) and sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus), are reaching the limits of
their adaptability. In contrast, tree species native to south-eastern Europe are better equipped to cope with
changing climatic conditions through various adaptations, such as leaf orientation in response to high levels
of solar radiation. One potential adaptation strategy is the use of alternate-leaf tree species, which could
mitigate the adverse effects of climate change in urban areas and improve the quality of life for residents. In
particular, the silver lime (Tilia tomentosa) is becoming increasingly important in this context. It can turn the
silvery underside of its leaves upwards when exposed to strong sunlight, leading to a change in the albedo
and a possible reduction in surface temperatures in the crown area
Conceptualising Smart Cities in the Japanese Planning Culture
Get PDFSmart cities have been a field of action in spatial development for quite some time. Building on the societal
trend toward digitalization, the nexus of digitalization and spatial development has been planned and
researched since the turn of the millennium (Hollands 2008). In the highly competitive segment of smart
cities, platform solutions from large IT and consulting companies are often applied (Hollands 2015). In
addition, an international discourse emerged in research that critically reflects on the smart city concept itself
(Grossi and Pianezzi 2017). Today, all over the world many cities are applying smart solutions, and position
themselves as smart cities, but how are smart cities conceptualized in different planning cultures?
The Japanese planning culture is charcterized by strong centralization with the central government being the
main actor in development (Pallagst et al. 2018; Martinez-Fernandez et al. 2016). In addition, the Japanese
society is highly challenged by demographic change and ageing. Consequently, the aspect of ageing plays a
role in all Japanese policies, also in the context of smart cities (interview with staff at the German Instiute for
Japanese Studies, Tokyo, July 2023). Yet how are smart cities conceptualized in the Japanese planning
culture, what are the main drivers and goals, who are the main actors, and which policies are at hand? And –
given the societal context of demographic change and ageing in Japan – how is the aspect of ageing taken
into consideration in the concept of smart cites in Japan?
This paper will shed light on conceptualizing smart cities in the Japanese planning culture. Starting with a
brief introduction to the concept of planning cultures with a special emphasis on Japan, it will present two
cases of smart cities in Japan, trying to answer the questons outlined above.
The research presented here is part of the project ‘Ageing Smart’ carried out by a consortium at RPTU
Kaiserslautern-Landau funded by the Carl-Zeiss-Foundation. This particular part of the project aims at
scrutinizing the application of smart cities in different planning cultures, among others Japan – discussing
their potentials and detecting possible best practice examples