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Color data (RGB) of IODP Hole 386-M0091A
No full textColor data obtained from split core sections from the above given hole of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 386 (Japan Trench Paleoseismology) during the onshore phase. The onshore phase of expedition 386 took place between 2022-02-14 – 2022-03-15 onboard D/V Chikyu. After longitudinal splitting of the core sections, high-resolution (100 pixels/cm) images of archive half was captured using the Tri-Sensor Core Logger (TSCL; NS Design). The camera provides a 16-bit red-green-blue (RGB) color (48-bit) TIFF file from which the RGB data were derived in 1 mm down-core resolution. For each section: 1) the TIFF file (from line scanning) full resolution was opened and channels scaled to 0-255; 2) TIFF file cut at top (2475 px) and bottom (2470 px + length of the section x resolution); 3) for every line of pixel down section, R, G, B values were averaged over a width of 450 px across the centre of the section (\~4.5 cm width) and data placed into a table compiling all sections of a hole; 4) for every depth interval, where a piece of sponge was observed on the linescan, R, G, B data were deleted; 5) R, G, B data were also deleted to the top and bottom ~1 cm of each section, to account for possible gaps or pieces of liner.
For further methodological information see methods chapter in Strasser, M. et al., 2023 https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.386.102.202
Zoological macroremains for the Holocene sediment sequence retrieved from Lake Loitsana, Finland
No full textThis dataset provides both absolute and relative counts of botanical and zoological macroremains for the Holocene sediment sequence retrieved from Lake Loitsana (Finland) in 2008. Counts per taxon are presented against both depth (m) and age (cal ka. BP); observations for amounts of ash, detritus and minerogenic content are presented as well. For some taxa relative counts (Rel) are presented where: Rel.1 = Rare, less than 5 occurrences; Rel.2 = 5-10 occurrences; Rel.3 = 11-20 occurrences; Rel. 4 = 21-50 occurrences; Rel.5 = Mass occurrence. Two age/depths models are presented: the first model represents the original age/depth model applied to the records (Shala et al., 2014; 2017) and the second age/depth model, which is the author-preferred version, presents updated age-estimates derived using the r package 'Bacon' (Blaauw and Christensen, 2011). The macroremains dataset provides information on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem dynamics. A total of 120 samples was analysed for macroscopically visible remains of plant and animal taxa following Birks (2007). Sample size ranges from 5 to c. 30 cm³ but was mainly 10-15 cm³. Samples were washed through a 100 μm sieve under a fine jet of water. The residue was analysed in a Petri-dish under a stereo-microscope and light microscope with x20 magnification. The plant nomenclature follows Mossberg and Stenberg (2003) and the analyses were performed in the laboratories of Stockholm University, Sweden
Methane concentrations in headspace gas prepared from shallow sediment core GeoB22002-2 collected with a multicorer off South Georgia, Southern Ocean, R/V METEOR cruise M134/1
No full textShallow sediment cores were collected with a MultiCorer at locations on the shelf and slope of South Georgia during cruise M134/1 with R/V METEOR in 2017. In order to determine distributions of methane and characterize biogeochemical zonations in the sediment, 3 mL of the sediment was removed from the cores at defined depths using cut-off syringes and transferred to 20 mL glass vials filled with 5 ml NaOH solution to generate a 12 mL headspace gas volume. The headspace gas samples were analyzed for their methane concentrations by use of a gas chromatograph equipped with a capillary column and a flame ionization detector
Color Reflectance (Spectrophotometer) of IODP Hole 386-M0084B
No full textColor reflectance spectrophotometry and colorimetry data from the above given hole of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 386 (Japan Trench Paleoseismology). The data where obtained during the onshore phase of expedition 386 which took place between 2022-02-14 – 2022-03-15 onboard D/V Chikyu. After longitudinal splitting of the core sections, each archive half was scanned by the Tri-Sensor Core Logger (TSCL; NS Design) including a noncontact imaging spectrophotometer (MetaVue VS3200; X-Rite), recording data at 2-cm sampling interval. The obtained data is represented in the L*a*b* color coordinate system, where L* is a total reflectance index ranging 0%–100%, a* is green (0) chromaticity, and b* is blue (0) chromaticity. L*a*b* values were transferred into RGB values using the MATLAB routine lab2rgb.
For further methodological information see methods chapter in Strasser, M. et al., 2023 https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.386.102.202
Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes and element ratios of planktic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber (white) from sediment core M78/1_181-3
No full textThe Mississippi River discharge effectively shaped the dynamics of the Loop Current in the Gulf of Mexico during transient climates and interglacials, and reacted in response to changes in sea level and atmospheric circulation. We here provide proxydata records from piston core M78/1-181-3 PC. The ~12 m-long core was recovered from the Mississippi-Alabama shelf very close to and southeast of the recent Mississippi delta (29°00.00'N 88°20.00'W) from 804 m water depth during R/V Meteor Cruise M78/1 in 2009 (doi:10.2312/cr_m78_1). The proxyrecords cover the last ~42 kyrs at centennial resolution. Planktic stable oxygen (δ18O, ‰ VPDB) and carbon isotope analyses (δ13C; ‰ VPDB) as well as elemental analyses were performed on the shallow-dwelling foraminiferal species Globigerinoides ruber (white). Sampling and analytical studies were carried out from 3 cm to 1220 cm core depth at ~5 cm spatial resolution. The stable isotope analyses were run on a Thermo Scientific MAT 253 mass spectrometer with an automated Kiel IV Carbonate Preparation Device at GEOMAR according to standard procedures (c.f. Nürnberg et al., 2008). The element/Ca ratios (Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, Al/Ca, Fe/Ca, Mn/Ca) were determined on a VARIAN ICP-OES according to Nürnberg et al. (2008). The proxy data provide information on the surface water temperature and salinity development
Color Reflectance (Spectrophotometer) of IODP Hole 386-M0087B
No full textColor reflectance spectrophotometry and colorimetry data from the above given hole of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 386 (Japan Trench Paleoseismology). The data where obtained during the onshore phase of expedition 386 which took place between 2022-02-14 – 2022-03-15 onboard D/V Chikyu. After longitudinal splitting of the core sections, each archive half was scanned by the Tri-Sensor Core Logger (TSCL; NS Design) including a noncontact imaging spectrophotometer (MetaVue VS3200; X-Rite), recording data at 2-cm sampling interval. The obtained data is represented in the L*a*b* color coordinate system, where L* is a total reflectance index ranging 0%–100%, a* is green (0) chromaticity, and b* is blue (0) chromaticity. L*a*b* values were transferred into RGB values using the MATLAB routine lab2rgb.
For further methodological information see methods chapter in Strasser, M. et al., 2023 https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.386.102.202
Color Reflectance (Spectrophotometer) of IODP Hole 386-M0089C
No full textColor reflectance spectrophotometry and colorimetry data from the above given hole of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 386 (Japan Trench Paleoseismology). The data where obtained during the onshore phase of expedition 386 which took place between 2022-02-14 – 2022-03-15 onboard D/V Chikyu. After longitudinal splitting of the core sections, each archive half was scanned by the Tri-Sensor Core Logger (TSCL; NS Design) including a noncontact imaging spectrophotometer (MetaVue VS3200; X-Rite), recording data at 2-cm sampling interval. The obtained data is represented in the L*a*b* color coordinate system, where L* is a total reflectance index ranging 0%–100%, a* is green (0) chromaticity, and b* is blue (0) chromaticity. L*a*b* values were transferred into RGB values using the MATLAB routine lab2rgb.
For further methodological information see methods chapter in Strasser, M. et al., 2023 https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.386.102.202
Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes and element ratios of planktic foraminifer Globigerina bulloides from sediment core POS457_889-1
No full textR/V POSEIDON cruise POS457 aimed at sediment coring on the Iceland-Faroe Ridge, the shelf and slope areas south of Iceland, and on Reykjanes Ridge in order to reveal paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic information. Gravity corer 889-1 was recovered from southeast of Reykjanes Ridge close to Iceland (N Atlantic, 63°03.04'N 23°23.19'W, 923.0 m water depth). We present radiocarbon datings and high-resolution XRF-scanner element compositions of bulk sediments. In addition, we provide benthic and planktic stable oxygen and carbon isotopes, as well as planktic foraminiferal element ratios
Biogenic silica of composite sediment core ROD11 from the crater basin of Rodderberg, Germany
No full textBiogenic silica data characterize lacustrine sediments and support the palaeoclimatic interpretation of interglacials for the Middle Pleistocene sediment record from the crater basin of Rodderberg, Germany
A 72.8 m long sediment record was recovered by means of wire-line drilling with 3 m long liners from the silted-up crater basin of Rodderberg (East Eifel Volcanic Field) in the vicinity of the city of Bonn, Germany. The composite record ROD11 was analysed for the presence of biogenic silica, with a 20 cm spatial resolution for interglacial periods and a 100 cm spatial resolution for glacial periods. The investigations were conducted using automated leaching in a continuous flow system (Müller and Schneider, 1993). The extraction of biogenic silica was performed with 1 M NaOH solution at a temperature of 85 °C. The presence of dissolved biogenic silica was detected through spectrophotometric analysis. This parameter serves as a proxy for the presence of diatoms in the sediment record and indicates the depositional conditions in a lake and its trophic state. This proxy parameter enhances the interpretation of organic matter, which is not only of lacustrine origin but can also be contributed by in wash of terrestrial plant remains, and the palaeoclimatic interpretation over the past 430 ka. The terrestrial record from Rodderberg is of significant value, as it can be dated using multiple techniques and provides a reconstruction of the environment since the Middle Pleistocene
XRF core-scanning data of composite sediment core ROD11 from the crater basin of Rodderberg, Germany
No full textXRF core-scanning data characterizes the sediment composition geochemically and supports palaeoclimatic reconstruction of glacial/interglacial cycles for the Middle Pleistocene sediment record from the crater basin of Rodderberg, Germany. A 72.8 m long sediment record was recovered by means of wire-line drilling with 3 m long liners from the silted-up crater basin of Rodderberg (East Eifel Volcanic Field) in the vicinity of the city of Bonn, Germany. The composite record ROD11 was subjected to XRF core scanning with a spatial resolution of 2 mm using an ITRAX XRF core scanner, Cox Analytics with a Molybdenum X-ray tube (Croudace et al., 2019; Croudace and Rothwell, 2015). The measurements were conducted with a fixed setting of 30 kV, 40 mA, and an exposure time of 5 s. The software Q-spec (Cox Analytics) was employed for processing of the scanner output and calculation of qualitative elemental measurements in counts. Principal component analysis was then employed to reduce the data dimension and identify latent environmental control factors for the reliable set of elemental data in the normalized (clr-transformed) and standardized XRF dataset (Bertrand et al., 2024). Valued by multiple dating techniques for the past 430 ka, this terrestrial record provides an environmental reconstruction since the Middle Pleistocene