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Radiosonde raw data measured during POLARSTERN cruise PS133/2, links to files
No full textThe meteorological observatory Polarstern continuously performs radiosoundings during times of ship operation. Typically, there is one launch to full altitude at 12 UTC every day. Additionally, there often is a launch with a smaller balloon for forecasting purposes (helicopter operations) around 6 UTC. All data published here is left "as recorded", no quality control was applied
Late Quaternary Sr-Nd-Pb isotope composition of the siliciclastic sediment fraction of the marine sediment core PS72/287-3 from Barrow Strait, Canadian Arctic Archipelago
No full textThe Sr-Nd-Pb isotope composition of siliciclastic sediments from the marine sediment core PS72/287-3 from Barrow Strait was analyzed to identify changing sediment provenances during the last deglaciation and the Holocene. Barrow Strait was blocked by the confluent Laurentide and Innuitian ice sheets during the last glacial period and is hence very interesting to study deglaciation processes in the Canadian Arctic. Varying Sr and Nd isotope ratios during the deglacial period suggest changing sediment sources probably related to ice sheet dynamics and sediment transport processes. After the deglacial period, radiogenic isotope ratios evolved less variable, indicating just slight changes in sediment provenance related to more stable environmental conditions during the Holocene.
Sample preparation and radiogenic isotope analysis were conducted in the laboratories of the Isotope Geochemistry Group at MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Germany. Sediment samples were leached using a NaOH-buffered solution of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 15% acetic acid in order to separate the siliciclastic sediment fraction (adapted from Gutjahr et al. 2007, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.03.021). Using a Thermo-Fisher Scientific TRITON Plus thermal ionization mass spectrometer (TIMS), the isotope ratios were determined after the elements had been separated by column chemistry
Field observation data in the Yangtze Estuary during Typhoon Muifa
No full textThe data includes pressure, sea pressure, and depth information of surface elevation. Field measurements have been collected from September 8th, 18:00, to September 15th, 18:00, for a total of 7 days in 2022 (China Standard Time, UTC+8). The study area is situated in Chongming Island, Shanghai. This region serves as a typical estuarine wetland in the Yangtze River Estuary. We set three observation points (121°56'12.988″E, 31°27'20.69''N; 121°56'2.5″E, 31°27'32.15''N; 121°56'.760″E, 31°27'33.95''N). During the observation period, from September 12th, 18:00, to September 15th, 18:00 2022, the hydrodynamics at the measuring points were affected by Typhoon Muifa. Chongming Island assumes a paramount role in safeguarding the ecological and environmental stability of the Yangtze River Delta region. Nevertheless, the island faces vulnerabilities, particularly in the face of natural disasters such as typhoon-induced storm surges during the summer season. A comprehensive examination of the typhoon events on the wave evolution within coastal wetlands holds substantial relevance. The implications of this research extend beyond localized defence strategies, with broader implications for the domain of coastal science and resilience, as it contributes to our understanding of the complex interplay between natural forces and coastal ecosystems
Quantitative macroalgae survey and kelp morphometry data collected at Hansneset, Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen in 2021
No full textSurveys were performed for macroalgae fresh biomass, dry biomass, leaf area index and kelp morphometry at Hansneset, Blomstrand in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, from the infralittoral fringe down to 15 m depth in June - August 2021. This dataset is part of a time series currently spanning over 25 years and complements the studies conducted in 1996/98 (Hop et al., 2012, doi:10.1515/bot-2012-0097) and 2012-14 (Bartsch et al., 2016, doi:10.1007/s00300-015-1870-1). The aim was to document changes in Arctic kelp forests dynamics in an Arctic fjord system influenced by glacial melt by repeatedly sampling the same site in a standardized manner. As ocean temperatures in the Arctic have risen substantially and underwater light climate continuously deteriorated over this time period, alterations were observed in the seaweed community, especially kelps as major coastal foundation species.
The data file contains a range of standard morphometric measurements of individual kelps (and associated seaweeds) by depth, quadrat (replicate), and species. The taxonomic 'Class' of the species is provided, as well as a 'Category' that shows if the species is a kelp, or was found in the understory of the kelp forest. Within the species column there is a 'Digitate kelps' value. This is due to the complication of the visual similarity of Laminaria digitata and Hedophyllum nigripes. Because these are field data, and the distinction between these species requires genetic lab work, the exact species identification is not possible here. Historically these kelps were considered Laminaria digitata. In some rare cases, the leaf area and/or Total FW and Total DW were measured together for multiple specimens (especially juveniles together with others). When this was done, a comment can be found for that row of data
Micro-erosion meter images for structure-from-motion, Roaring River, Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, USA
No full textDTC-based monthly mean and maximum LST and their associated soil moisture content ensemble mean of NLDAS-2 model simulations over a randomly distributed 200 sites over the CONUS (lower 48 states of USA) from 2010-2017
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A new helium isotope recored of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum from ODP Site 198-1209 (S4)
No full textThe Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM; around 56 Ma ago) is arguably the most intensively studied event of rapid greenhouse warming of the geological past. The duration and age of the PETM, however, remains vividly debated, limiting our understanding of the response of the Earth System dynamics to rapid warming. Here we present new extraterrestrial helium 3 (3HeET) data across the PETM at ODP Site 198-1209 (N Pacific) that document a drop in 3HeET fluxes from 0.56 ± 0.02 pcm³/cm²/ka ~1 Ma prior to the PETM to values of 0.37 ± 0.02 pcm³/cm²/ka before and after the PETM. Our 3HeET-based chronology, optimized through spectral analysis and orbital tuning, indicates a duration of 160±10 ka for the PETM body/core, consistent with previous 3HeET estimates from ODP Site 208-1266 (Walvis Ridge). The PETM started at the onset of a 100 ka eccentricity maxima at 56080 ka BP and ended abruptly during a marked decline in eccentricity at 55883 ka, providing strong support for an orbital trigger of both its onset and termination. The reevaluation of the 3HeET age models of the high paleo-latitude ODP Site 113-690 shows that the prominent sedimentary and carbon isotope steps at this site were controlled by obliquity instead of precession. Our revised chronology suggests that obliquity was also the dominant driver of the repeated drops to lower δ13C values during the PETM in otherwise precession-dominated low latitude sites, possibly reflecting the repeated destabilization of methane hydrate or permafrost carbon stocks at high latitudes.
This dataset contains the grayscale reflectance logs obtained on core photographs for ODP Site 198-1209A, B and C, new records of helium isotope and non-carbonate fraction data for ODP Site 198-1209 and the reconstructed apparent 3HeET fluxes (FET), instantaneous sedimentation rates (ISR) and ages. We also report new bulk carbonate carbon and oxygen stable isotope data for ODP Site 198-1209 that are included in a compilation of published bulk carbonate data from the same site along with their corresponding 3HeET ages. We include a compilation of published benthic foraminifera carbon and oxygen stable isotope data for ODP Site 198-1209 with their corresponding 3HeET ages. We also report a compilation of Fe and Ca concentrations, stable isotope data measured on bulk sediment, planktonic and benthic foraminifera from ODP Site 113-690 that are reported against a revised 3HeET-based age model we developed for this site using published 3HeET data and a revised 3HeET flux of 0.42 ± 0.02 pcm³/cm²/ka and an age of 55916 ka BP for point F (169.05 mbsf)