Publikationer från Stockholms universitet
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Strategier baserade på tillämpad beteendeanalys som arbetssätt för att främja kommunikation hos elever med autism och intellektuell funktionsnedsättning : Förekomst och uppfattningar hos lärare i anpassad grundskola
No full textDet finns många studier som visar att kommunikationsinsatser baserade på tillämpad beteendeanalys är effektiva för barn och ungdomar med autism och intellektuell funktionsnedsättning (IF). Skolans utbildning ska vila på vetenskaplig grund och beprövad erfarenhet. Trots detta förefaller evidensbaserade metoder för att utveckla kommunikation hos elever i den anpassade grundskolan förekomma i mycket liten utsträckning. Syftet med uppsatsen är att bidra med kunskap om lärares användning och uppfattningar om strategier baserade på TBA för att utveckla kommunikationsförmågan hos elever med autism och IF på anpassade grundskolor. Uppsatsen består av två delstudier, en enkätstudie och en intervjustudie. I enkätstudien besvarade 92 lärare i anpassad grundskola frågor om hur ofta antecedent- och förstärkningsstrategier används för att utveckla elevernas kommunikation. I intervjustudien utfördes semistrukturerade intervjuer med 13 lärare för att utforska möjligheter och utmaningar med att använda strategierna. Analysen av enkäten består av beskrivande statistik medan intervjuerna analyserades via tematisk analys. Studien visar att visuell och verbal prompt samt social förstärkning används ofta i anpassad grundskola. Lärarna ser strategierna som effektiva, lätta att tillämpa och etiska. Utmaningar ligger i att skapa och upprätthålla motivationen till kommunikation, samarbete i personalgruppen och med vårdnadshavare samt olika värderingar hos personalen. Även om lärares syn på TBA förefaller negativ enligt tidigare studier så visar den här studien att många lärare i anpassad grundskola faktiskt använder strategier baserade på TBA, och ser positivt på dem
The Missing Link : Knowledge Management and the Social Dimension of Business-IT Alignment
No full textBusiness-IT alignment (BITA) remains a persistent challenge for organisations seeking to derive strategic value from their IT investments. While substantial research has explored the strategic and intellectual dimensions of the construct, the social dimension—centred on communication, shared understanding, and collaboration between business and IT leaders—has received relatively limited attention. At the same time, knowledge management (KM) has emerged as a vital organisational capability, particularly in the context of digital transformation and evolving Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) imperatives. However, the intersection of KM and the social dimension of BITA remains underexplored, especially in large enterprise settings. To address this gap in the literature, this study investigates how KM practices contribute to enhancing the social dimension of BITA within a large Swedish company undergoing digital transformation. Drawing on Nonaka’s SECI model as a conceptual lens and employing a qualitative case study methodology (based on nine semi-structured interviews and internal document analysis), the study identified key impediments to social alignment, including reliance on outsourced IT, knowledge erosion due to staff turnover, fragmented communication, and siloed planning. The results also reveal how KM practices—including in-house development, knowledge-sharing forums, agile methods, and transparent digital communication tools—facilitate knowledge exchange, socialisation, and shared domain understanding. The study contributes to the literature by advancing the conceptual integration of KM and BITA, offering empirical insights into the role of KM practices in fostering social alignment, and proposing refinements to existing BITA frameworks by incorporating knowledge-sharing mechanisms. In terms of practice, the study guides organisations to strengthen cross-functional collaboration, support sustainable knowledge retention, and align IT capabilities with strategic business objectives. The findings further highlight the relevance of KM in addressing ESG-related goals, particularly the social pillar focused on inclusivity, culture, and governance. The paper concludes by outlining avenues for future research, including the need to examine the influence of artificial intelligence, digital architecture, and enterprise modelling on the evolving relationship between KM and BITA
Förtroende för regeringen : En kvantitativ uppsats om korrelationen mellan subjektiv ekonomisk trygghet och förtroendet för regeringen
No full textI ett demokratiskt samhälle utgör förtroendet för regeringen en nyckelkomponent. Syftet med studien är därmed att få en djupare förståelse för hur förtroendet gentemot regeringen förhåller sig till subjektiv ekonomisk trygghet i Sverige under 2011–2014. Denna studie har sin teoretiska grund i tre centrala begrepp, vilket är institutionell tillit, socialt kapital samt relativ deprivation. Studiens datamaterial har hämtats från den nationella SOM-undersökningens kumulativa dataset, där innehållet innehar svar från samtliga nationella undersökningar från 1986 till 2023. Sambandet mellan förtroendet för regeringen och subjektiv ekonomisk trygghet kommer att testas genom huvudsakligen logistisk regressionsanalys, vilken kombineras med prediktioner av marginaleffekter. Vidare kontrolleras också sambandet för sociodemografiska och politiska faktorer, vilket inkluderar variablerna kön, hushållsinkomst, utbildningsnivå, individens position på vänster-högerskalan och slutligen undersökningsår. För att undersöka hur de genomsnittliga nivåerna av förtroendet för regeringen och subjektiv ekonomisk trygghet har förändrats i Sverige, så genomförs en tidsserieanalys där data sträcker sig från 2011 till 2014. Resultatet visade att det finns ett samband mellan förtroendet för regeringen och subjektiv ekonomisk trygghet, kontrollerat för de sociodemografiska och politiska faktorerna. Tidsserieanalysen illustrerade att utvecklingen av förtroendet för regeringen över tid varit relativt stabil, med endast mindre variationer mellan åren
Hur tillgänglighetsperspektiv inkluderas i spelindustrin
No full textNuförtiden utvecklas alltfler spel på ett sätt som inkluderar funktioner för tillgänglighet men medan tekniken kring och synen på speltillgänglighet utvecklas samt förbättras kan man fortfarande anse mycket saknas från moderna spel. Det sker mycket forskning kring tillgänglighet inom spelindustrin men enligt vissa krävs det mer för att spelindustrin ska komma ikapp med forskningen. Problemet i fokus är att vissa spelföretag verkar ha mycket lägre värderingar på speltillgänglighet än andra företag. Med frågeställningen om vad spelföretag och deras anställda spelutvecklare har för perspektiv gällande speltillgänglighet har studien ämnat att ta reda på olika åsikter, värderingar och kunskaper kring tillgänglighet i spel samt vad för faktorer som kan påverka dessa olika perspektiv. En utforskande intervjustudie utfördes kvalitativt genom att intervjua och ställa öppna frågor till fyra olika personer med bakgrund i spelindustrin. Sedan kodades och analyserades mängden insamlade data induktivt genom att generalisera datan. Studiens resultat visar att anställda spelutvecklares perspektiv på tillgänglighet i spel och hur de värderas av spelföretag varierar väldigt mycket. En del visar sig kunna mycket om tillgänglighet och har höga värderingar gällande ämnet medan andra visar mindre intresse och engagemang. Flera verkar på ett eller annat sätt hålla med om hur viktigt det är att utveckla spel mot tillgänglighet även om de själva inte inser det helt. Studiens slutsats är att det inte verkar krävas så mycket ansträngning för att introducera spelutvecklare för innebörden av tillgänglighet samt att det mestadels verkar ha positiva effekter att sträva mot att uppnå så mycket tillgänglighet i spel som möjligt. Tillgänglighet är något de flesta spelutvecklare verkar ha högt värde på och mer forskning hade varit gynnsamt för att vidare ta reda på vad som kan saknas av spelföretag och varför vissa inte har så höga värderingar på tillgänglighet.Nowadays more and more games are developed in a way that includes accessibility features but as the technology and view around accessibility in games develop and improve one can still consider a lot to be missing from modern games. There exists a lot of research around accessibility in the gaming industry, but some argue that the gaming industry is lacking and needs to catch up with the research. The problem at hand is that some gaming companies seem to have a lot lower values of game accessibility than other companies. With the question of what kind of perspectives gaming companies and their employed game developers have regarding accessibility in games, the study’s intent was to find out what kind of opinions, values, and knowledge around accessibility as well as what kind of factors affect these different perspectives. An exploratory interview study was performed in a qualitative way through interviews with open-ended questions for four different people from the gaming industry. The data was then coded and analyzed in an inductive way through generalization of the collected data. The result of the study shows that employed game developers’ perspectives on game accessibility and how they matter to game companies differ quite a lot. Some appear to know much about accessibility and have high values regarding the subject while others show less interest and commitment. In one way or another many seem to agree on the importance of developing game accessibility even though they might not realize it fully. The conclusion of the study is that it doesn’t seem to take much effort to introduce game developers to the significance of accessibility and that it seems to have mostly positive effects to strive towards acquiring as much accessibility as possible in games. Accessibility is something most game developers seem to have high values of, and more research would be favorable to further find out what might be missing from gaming companies and why some don’t have such high values on accessibility
Low-Code/No Code Approaches to ERP Systems Customization
No full textIntroduction The implementation or customization of ERP systems remains complex processes with high failure rates. As part of ERP customization, there is often a need to implement new functionality or changes within an ERP system that require programming. LCNC is a tool that promises to lower the cost of programming by being able to code and develop via a drag-and-drop interface, pre-built templates, and visual representation. As LCNC tools are emerging, understanding their usefulness is crucial, as it can improve the customization process of ERP systems. Research Question The main research question is the following: What factors determine whether Low-Code/No-Code is useful or not useful for ERP customization? Method An exploratory survey was chosen as the research strategy and semi-structured interviews were conducted with six ERP consultants to gather their experience and perception. Thematic analysis was applied on the collected data to categorize them and identify emerging themes. Results The themes that emerged that LCNC can provide are Agility, Accessibility, Insight, Modularity, Efficiency, and Innovation in ERP customization. However, the themes Constraints, Resistance, Complexity, and Incompatibility emerged as limitations. Discussion This study is of significance for organizations and developers to consider the use of LCNC in ERP customization. It should be noted that the findings are not generalizable, as only six ERP consultants participated in this study. More studies are recommended to strengthen the findings by including more participants. Future studies are recommended to evaluate the importance of these factors in ERP customization
Adapting Pathfinding Algorithms for 3D Environments: Performance Analysis and Real-World Applications
No full textPathfinding algorithms are essential for autonomous navigation in fields such as robotics, UAV systems, and game AI. While extensively studied in two-dimensional (2D) spaces, their performance in three-dimensional (3D) environments, characterized by higher complexity and search space volume, remains less explored. This thesis benchmarks two foundational algorithms, Dijkstra’s and A*, in voxel-based 3D grids under varying conditions of movement complexity, grid size, and obstacle density. Using a simulation-based experimental approach, it analyzes scalability, efficiency, and solution quality using metrics such as computation time, memory usage, node expansions, and path characteristics. The results demonstrate that heuristic-guided A* variants significantly outperform Dijkstra’s in computational efficiency, particularly in large or dense environments. A* Manhattan performs best in constrained, axis-aligned spaces, while A* Euclidean excels in diagonal-rich, flexible movement models. In contrast, Dijkstra’s, though optimal in path quality, scales poorly and becomes impractical in 3D scenarios with high branching factors. These findings extend prior work by offering a broader, rigorous evaluation and comparison of unmodified algorithms, highlighting both their strengths and limitations in real-world-inspired 3D navigation tasks
Interest is everything : The teachers’ impact on and planning of the school-age educare center
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Stigmatized Grief : A hermeneutic phenomenological exploration of grieving experiences after gang-related homicide
No full textThis study explores lived experiences of stigmatized grief among bereaved individuals who have lost a family member to gang-related homicide in Sweden. While grief is a universal human experience, not all grief is equally recognized or supported. Through a hermeneutic phenomenological approach and reflexive thematic analysis of in-depth interviews with six co-victims, this research examines how stigma, marginalization, and institutional misrecognition shape the grieving process. Drawing on theories of intersectionality, stigma, the ideal victim, and territorial stigmatization, the study offers a sociological perspective that attends to both the experiential and discursive dimensions of stigmatized grief—and the ways in which they are intertwined. Findings show that stigmatized grief unfolds through a progression of misrecognition—across institutional encounters, media portrayals, and everyday social interactions. This process is shaped by the context-specific stigma of bereavement through gang-related violence, which participants interpret through their existing experiences of marginalization. In response, they engage in moral realignment: a complex process of reinterpreting their loss by identifying with the structurally marginalized position of the perpetrator. In doing so, they challenge the binary opposition between victim and offender and construct new frameworks of meaning that resist dominant narratives of deviance. The results highlight both the social containment of stigmatized grief and the socially negotiated conditions under which empathy and recognition are granted—or withheld.
The Need for Change : Examining the youth support for the Swedish right-wing populist party New Democracy during the 1990s
No full textThis research paper will analyse the underlying factors behind the disproportionately high youth support for the Swedish right-wing populist party New Democracy in the early 1990s. The unusually high youth support for New Democracy contradicts the existing research consensus, which argues that younger generations are less likely than older generations to support right-wing populist parties. Using Norris & Inglehart's cultural backlash theory, this paper will compare quantitative and qualitative material on the values and attitudes of generational cohorts in Sweden between the elections of 1991 and 1994. This is done to triangulate the demand-side factors behind the youth’s support for New Democracy. The findings show how socioeconomic and nativist demand-side factors were more widespread among the youth than in the older generations. This divergence in values and attitudes among the youth can explain their support of New Democracy. Combined with the high trust in politics among the older generations, the study shows how the Swedish case of youth and populism can be understood from the cultural backlash theory. The findings show the interconnected nature of dissatisfaction among the youth and support for right-wing populism. The abnormal case of youth and populism in Sweden might help us to understand the rising support for right-wing populism among the youth today