Publikationer från Stockholms universitet
Not a member yet
31237 research outputs found
Sort by
How Early Career Choices Adjust to Economic Crises
No full textWe study how students adjust their early career choices in response to economic crises and how these decisions affect their long-run labor market outcomes. Focusing on Sweden’s deep recession in the early 1990s—which hit the manufacturing and construction sectors hardest—we first show that students whose fathers lost jobs in these sectors were more likely to choose career paths tied to less-affected industries. These students later experienced better labor market outcomes, including higher employment and earnings. Our findings suggest that informational frictions are a key obstacle to structural change and identify career choice as an important channel through which recessions reshape labor markets in the long run
Being an in-house interpreter in compulsory school
No full textDenna studie undersöker hur så kallade hustolkar i grundskolan upplever sitt samarbete med lärare, samt vilka faktorer som främjar respektive försvårar detta samarbete. Genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med sju yrkesverksamma teckenspråkstolkar synliggörs hur tolkar navigerar i en komplex yrkesroll som rör sig mellan språkförmedling, socialt ansvar och pedagogisk närvaro. Resultaten visar att tolkar ofta befinner sig i en så kallad hybridroll, där de inte enbart tolkar språkligt innehåll utan även förväntas vara ”vuxna i rummet”. Studien lyfter behovet av tydligare rollfördelning, ökad förståelse för tolkens uppdrag samt mer strukturerade former för samarbete och planering i skolmiljön.This study explores how in-house sign language interpreters working in compulsory school'sexperience collaboration with teachers, and what factors support or hinder that collaboration. Based on semi-structured interviews with seven professional interpreters, the study highlights how they navigate a complex professional role that blends language mediation, social responsibility, and pedagogical presence. The findings show that interpreters often operate in a so-called hybrid role, where they are not only expected to interpret linguistic content but also to act as "adults in the room." The study underlines the need for clearer role definitions, increased understanding of the interpreter’s task, and more structured forms of collaboration and planning within the school environment
Mellan teknologi och didaktik : En tematisk analys av hur lärare i årskurs 4–6 använder plattformen Magma
No full textDenna studie syftar till att ge en bild av hur grundskollärare i årskurs 4–6 använder den digitala plattformen Magma i sin matematikundervisning. Magma är en lärplattform utvecklad för att erbjuda individanpassat matematikstöd, med funktioner för automatiserad återkoppling, progression, uppföljning och interaktivt innehåll. Studien är kvalitativ och bygger på semistrukturerade intervjuer med lärare från olika skolor som har erfarenhet av att arbeta med Magma. Intervjuerna har analyserats med hjälp av tematisk analys enligt Braun och Clarke (2006), med stöd av bland annat Nowell m.fl. (2017). Resultatet visar att Magma främst används som ett komplement till ordinarie undervisning för att möjliggöra individanpassning, ge omedelbar återkoppling och frigöra tid för läraren. Lärare upplever att Magma kan stärka elevernas motivation och ansvarstagande, men pekar också på begränsningar kopplade till tekniska förutsättningar, plattformens innehåll och behovet av fortsatt lärarstyrning. Resultatet diskuteras med stöd av Documentational Approach to Didactics. Studien bidrar med ökad kunskap om hur digitala lärresurser kan integreras i matematikundervisning samt vilka möjligheter och utmaningar som följer med användningen av digitala lärplattformar på mellanstadiet
Simulating Vibronic Dynamics with Trapped Rydberg Ions
No full textTrapped-ion experiments are a leading platform for many fields of quantum technology. Most state-of-the-art experiments rely on precise control and characterisation of the ions’ motional state, so improving this area is essential. This thesis presents two novel phonon number measurements: one using the Autler-Townes effect and another using a composite pulse sequence. Additionally, it also presents a spectroscopic investigation of a conformational change of an ion crystal induced by Rydberg excitation. The resulting change in the trapping potential creates a strong coupling between the electronic and vibrational states. This opens new pathways for quantum simulations of molecules. A major challenge in Rydberg ion experiments is double ionisation caused by blackbody radiation. The final part of this thesis offers a solution to this issue by presenting the design of two new cryogenic experiments, one macroscopic and one surface trap
Hybrid Agile: Addressing Cultural, Structural, and Collaborative Challenges in Distributed Teams
No full textThe rise of hybrid work models which blend remote and in-office work, has challenged the application of Agile methodologies, originally designed for co-located teams. Hybrid Agile teams face various issues such as asynchronous communication, visibility disparities, and proximity bias, which undermine engagement, trust, and collaboration. Despite extensive Agile research, there is a lack of studies addressing leadership and trust-building strategies which are tailored for hybrid environment. This gap makes it urgent to explore how to sustain Agile principles in changing work settings. This study explores how Agile methodologies can be adapted to hybrid work settings, focusing on leadership approaches in order to foster engagement and strategies to enhance team cohesion, trust, and collaboration, thereby to sustain the best Agile practices. A qualitative, phenomenological approach was employed, using semi-structured interviews with 11 Agile practitioners (e.g., Scrum Masters, Agile coaches) to capture their lived experiences in hybrid settings. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis, following Braun and Clarke’s six-step framework, to identify patterns in leadership, communication, and team dynamics. Key findings indicate that open communication, trusted autonomy, and collaborative tools like Jira and Slack enhance engagement and uphold Agile principles. However, proximity bias and inconsistent tool access create inequities, with remote workers often feeling excluded. Strategies like async voting, shared recognition, and psychological safety foster trust and cohesion, though team-building activities showed mixed effectiveness. Themes aligned with the Theory of the Firm (Jensen & Meckling, 1976), Social Identity Theory (Ashforth & Mael, 1989), and Self-Efficacy Theory (Bandura, 1977), highlight cultural and psychological barriers. Effective leadership in hybrid Agile teams requires structured yet casual communication, clear goals with autonomy, and equitable tool access to maintain engagement. Trust and collaboration are strengthened through inclusive practices and psychological safety, addressing proximity bias. Organizations must prioritize cultural adaptation over process-centric approaches to sustain Agile values in hybrid environments. The study focused on software teams and Agile experts, limiting applicability to other industries or non-expert perspectives. Longitudinal insights were not explored due to the study’s scope
VR och AR: Analys av upplevelser och effekter på pilotträning Narrativ litteraturstudie över existerande studier med experiment av VR & AR inom pilotträning
No full textIntroduktion: I denna uppsats genomförs en litteraturstudie för att fastställa vilka moment i pilotutbildningar som kan stödjas av VR (VirtualReality) eller AR (AugmentedReality). Detta fastställande kan nyttjas som underlag för att effektivisera och göra simulering mer tillgängligt för pilotutbildningar. 3 AR studier och 4 VR studier beaktas och används som underlag för att besvara forskningsfrågan. Forskningsfråga: Den primära forskningsfrågan är: Vilka moment i pilotutbildningen kan stödjas av VR respektive AR och varför? Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie genomfördes där man använde särskilda nyckelord för att finna relevant litteratur i databasen Google Scholar. Efter succesiv fördjupning i materialet så togs irrelevant litteratur bort och tillslut fanns 7 artiklar att genomföra en tematisk analys på. Teman kodades fram och dessa användes för att besvara frågeställningen. Resultat: Den tematiska analysen visade på att det fanns både fördelar och nackdelar med både VR och AR. Testdeltagare visade på ökad arbetsbelastning under moment som berörde flygplansmanövrering vid VR simulering och användade av AR glasögon. Avsaknaden av taktil respons i experimenten försämrade inlärning av flygmanövrering. Flera testdeltagare uppgav att inlärningen var minst lika bra med VR simulatorn jämfört med traditionella simulatorer vilket i sig är en fördel då VR är ett billigare och mer tillgängligt alternativ. Både VR och AR lämpade sig bättre för inlärning av procedurella uppgifter som inte krävde stora mängder flygplansmanövrering. Diskussion: Resultaten pekar på att man inom flygindustrin med fördel kan inkorporera VR och AR i särskilda moment av pilotutbildningar. Detta kan på sikt spara pengar och göra simulering mer tillgängligt för pilotstudenter. Mer forskning bör genomföras på inkorporering av VR/AR för inlärning av procedurella moment för att vidare utveckla och förbättra VR/AR i denna aspekt. Ytterligare forskning bör även göras där man mäter överföringen av förmågor från VR/AR simulering till flygning i ett faktiskt flygplan för att fastställa dessa teknologiers legitimitet.Pilot training is as old as airplanes themselves, and simulator based flight training has been effectively used since 1929, with widespread use during the second world war. Virtual reality assisted pilot training was first introduced in 1982 and marked a new era of pilot education. Today, mixed reality technologies like VR (Virtual Reality) and AR (Augmented Reality) are used to leverage their immersive qualities to produce better results in a more accessible package. A significant number of studies have been conducted on the matter, and the purpose of this study is to crystallize and contextualize new knowledge from existing literature. This is done through a narrative literature review aimed at identifying which components of pilot training can be supported by VR and AR. The goal is to explore how these technologies can enhance accessibility and efficiency in simulation-based pilot education using the following research question: ”What aspects of pilot training can be supported by VR and AR respectively, and why?”. A total of seven studies - three on AR and four on VR - were analyzed through thematic analysis. Increased cognitive load was reported during aircraft maneuvering tasks in VR and more so while using AR glasses. A lack of tactile feedback was noted as a limitation that made learning of airplane maneuvering difficult, in both technologies. However, several studies reported learning outcomes comparable to traditional simulators when using VR, making it a cost-effective and accessible alternative. Both technologies were found to be more suitable for procedural training rather than complex maneuvering. The study concludes that VR and AR can be effectively incorporated into specific areas of pilot training. Further research is recommended to evaluate skill transfer from VR/AR training to real-life flight situations and to further refine their use in procedural learning
Neolithic Timber Circles in South Scandinavia : A biographical approach
No full textThis thesis builds upon previous research into the built environment in South Scandinavia by focusing on Neolithic timber circles, with a particular emphasis on those from the Middle Neolithic period (c. 3300-2300 BCE) and the Late Funnel Beaker Culture. Architectural remains are pivotal in archaeological research as they provide crucial insights into past communities. By examining the construction practices of timber circles, this thesis explores the complex relationship between building materials such as posts, flint, pottery and structural design, highlighting their role in the dynamic and temporal process of creating these structures. The analysis is guided by a theoretical framework that emphasises the temporality of structures and considers timber circles as assemblages of heterogeneous elements. Comparison between timber circles demonstrates clear indications of a tendency to build timber circles that cannot only be equated to variation in chronology or context. Instead, it is argued that timber circles indicate an architectural phenomenon demonstrating a construction that includes an attentive approach to the building materials and the intended outcome of a timber circle. The spatial and chronological distribution of timber circles across South Scandinavia suggests they were an active and recurrent phenomenon in the Middle Neolithic. The construction of timber circles necessitated engagement with various material cultures. For instance, the felling of trees likely required axes, while other materials were essential for transporting and processing timber. While some archaeological sites have preserved evidence of these materials, others show only partial or no such remains. Furthermore, constructing timber circles facilitated social interactions, as these projects required cooperation among different individuals and groups. The collective efforts involved in these building activities shaped the construction process and influenced the social dynamics and experiences of the communities engaged in them, underscoring the role of timber circles as mediums for social relations. The different actions and individuals involved in the biography of timber circles created actions of gathering people, materials and places
Understanding the Recognition of Dynamic Multimodal Expressions of Single and Blended Emotions
No full textNonverbal emotion expressions are multimodal patterns of behavior that unfold dynamically. However, several key questions remain about the nature of dynamic multimodal emotion expressions. This thesis aimed to better understand how such nonverbal expressions—both single and blended emotions—are recognized. Study I investigated individual differences in the ability to recognize single emotions in the general population using the ERAM test. Study 1 focused on emotion recognition in relation to emotional competencies, personality, and socio-emotional dysfunction, and evaluation of the psychometric properties of the ERAM test. Study 2 examined emotion recognition in relation to metacognitive judgments using an online version of the ERAM test. Overall, results suggested that emotion recognition is related to empathy, emotion understanding, openness, and alexithymia, and also with metacognitive skills. The results further revealed that accuracy was highest in the multimodal condition and positively correlated across modalities. Lastly, no differences were found between the in-lab and online versions of the test, indicating that the ERAM can be reliably administered online. Study II investigated the ability to recognize blended emotions (pairwise combinations of 5 emotions). Recordings of actors displaying two emotions in equal proportions (50:50 expressions) were used. The test combined a rating scale and a forced-choice task, and participants were instructed to choose 2 out of 5 available scales. Study 1 examined multimodal emotion recognition, whereas Study 2 examined emotion recognition in unimodal conditions (video-only and audio-only). Recognition accuracy was highest when expressions were presented multimodally, and also higher in the video-only condition, consistent with the findings on single emotions in Study I. Both studies further showed that all combinations were recognized above chance level, regardless of presentation modality. Study III investigated the recognition of blended emotions with varying proportions (70:30, 50:50, 30:70 expressions), using recordings from the 6 best-recognized actors in Study II. Study 1 examined emotion recognition using a restricted response format (prompted to use 2 out of 5 scales, as in Study II), while Study 2 used an unrestricted version of the same test (free to choose any number of the 5 scales). The results showed that the majority of blends across all proportions were recognized above chance level in both formats (restricted vs. unrestricted). Results further revealed that the more prominent emotion received higher ratings than the less prominent in most combinations. These findings replicated and extended those in Study II, and suggest that both the quality and quantity of emotions can be recognized. Together, the results showed that, in the general population, individual differences in emotion recognition of single emotions are related to broader affective, personality, and metacognitive processes. They also revealed that recognition accuracy of both single and blended emotions is highest when dynamic multimodal expressions are presented multimodally. This thesis contributes to a growing body of work that underscores the significance of studying emotions conveyed dynamically through the face, voice, and body, and emphasizes the need to increase the number and complexity of emotions under study, as emotion recognition ability appears to be more nuanced and flexible than previously thought
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) in Practice : A Study on use and Competence of AAC in a few Supported Living Facilities
No full textCommunication is a fundamental human right and a crucial factor for individuals’ right to participation and self-determination. The aim of this study was to increase knowledge about how AAC is used in a few supported living facilities under LSS (Act Concerning Support and Service for Persons with Certain Functional Impairments), as well as to assess the competence that staff themselves perceive in using AAC. The study was conducted in Sweden and was based on responses from qualitative semi-structured interviews with staff working in supported living facilities. Thematic analysis was used in the analysis of the data. The study shows that staff working in supported living facilities use AAC in various ways to support the residents, tailored to each individual’s needs. Despite most participants being familiar with AAC with a level of knowledge, challenges were identified related to residents' functional limitations, managing different communication methods and competence using different AAC-methods. The study also shows that some participants expressed the need for further training, especially in digital communication tools. The study highlights that the use of AAC significantly enhances communication and participation for individuals with disability.
The child, the law and the unclear best interest : A thematic analysis of the administrative court decisions on granting and denying care under sections 1 and 2 as well as with sections 1 and 3 LVU
No full textThis study examines how the administrative court reasons about the principle of ‘best interests of the child’ in judgements rejected or approved under §§ 1 and 2 and §§ 1 and 3 of the Swedish Care of Young Persons Act (LVU). A qualitative thematic analysis of 28 judgements - 14 rejections and 14 approvals, investigates reasoning in both environmental (§§ 1 and 2 LVU) and behavioral (§§ 1 and 3 LVU) cases. The analysis is guided by a theoretical framework combining the child perspective and child rights perspective, grounded in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. Three central themes emerged regarding the ‘best interests of the child’: voluntariness versus coercion, the child’s need for protection, and participation. The findings show that in rejection cases, the principle is used to protect children from coercion, while in approval cases, used to justify compulsory care. Furthermore, children’s participation is limited and often interpreted through adult actors. The study highlights tensions in legal reasoning about the best interests principle and argues that its openness, while enabling individual assessments, risks compromising legal certainty. It concludes that clearer guidance is needed to ensure consistent and rights-based application of the principle in child protection cases