Publikationer från Stockholms universitet
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Online sensitivitet för pragmatiska och lexikosemantiska restriktioner vid subjektinversion hos avancerade inlärare av italienska som andraspråk
No full textQuantifying the balance between dissociation and radiative cooling in interstellar PAHs
No full textPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) constitute an ubiquitous class of organic molecules in the interstellar medium. In recent years, they have also been detected in cold molecular clouds through radio astronomical surveys, while observations from the James Webb Space Telescope have enabled their spatial distributions and abundances to be characterized in unprecedented detail. Despite this, the stability of PAHs under astrophysical conditions remains poorly constrained. For instance, astrochemical models that simulate the abundances of aliphatic hydrocarbons in molecular clouds underestimate PAH abundances by several orders of magnitude. The main limitation in these models is that they are built on theoretical assumptions that lack experimental verification. This licentiate thesis presents laboratory studies of indene, indenyl, and 2-cyanoindene monocations, PAHs whose neutral counterparts have been detected or are suspected to be present in the molecular cloud, TMC-1. The balance between dissociation and radiative cooling was investigated through absolute dissociation rate measurements performed using a cryogenic ion beam storage ring at the DESIREE facility. For cyanoindene, complementary dissociative photoionisation experiments were carried out at the DESIRS beamline of the SOLEIL synchrotron. The measured absolute dissociation rates and breakdown curves were interpreted using a statistical framework based on microcanonical rate coefficients for all relevant unimolecular processes. The results provide quantitative constraints on PAH stability and are discussed in the context of their implications for astrochemical modelling. In particular, the results demonstrate that radiative cooling plays a decisive role under astrophysically relevant excitation conditions, significantly reshaping the balance between energy loss and fragmentation, challenging the current simplified treatments of PAH stability
The FAIR-Blockchain Nexus : A Framework for AI-driven Digital Transformation in the Public Sector
No full textPublic organisations are undergoing rapid digital transformation aimed at enhancing service efficiency, transparency, and accountability. However, persistent challenges remain in managing and reusing data across agencies, as well as in ensuring trust and explainability within Artificial Intelligence (AI)–driven systems. This study examines how the principles of FAIR data management (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) and blockchain technologies can be operationalised within public sector enterprise models to enable transparent, sovereign, and trustworthy AI adoption. Guided by the Technology–Organisation–Environment (TOE) framework and Dynamic Capabilities theory, we conducted a qualitative analysis of interview data from multiple government organisations engaged in AI readiness and digital transformation initiatives. The findings indicate that FAIR and blockchain-related practices are emerging as key enablers of interoperability, provenance, auditability, and data sovereignty. Based on the result of a thematic analysis and theoretical synthesis, the study proposes an enterprise modelling framework that integrates FAIR principles and blockchain mechanisms across the TOE dimensions to support transparent and sovereign AI-driven transformation. The study contributes an actionable model for policymakers and practitioners seeking to align governance, data infrastructure, and technological innovation within public digital ecosystems
Constructing Tawfan al-Aqsa : A Constructivist Analysis of the Framing and Construction of Identity, Norms, and Interests in Hamas’s Foreign Public Discourse (2023–2025)
No full textOn the morning of October 7, 2023, Hamas launched Operation al-Aqsa Flood, a large-scale military attack on Israel. This prompted a significant Israeli military response, and the start fo the longest war in the history of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict was a fact. Shortly after the attack, Hamas spoken statements, by the spokesman of the Qassam Brigades, Abu Obaida, and another by the Head of the Political Bureau, Ismail Haniyeh. These statements marked the start of Hamas’s foreign public discourse during the ongoing Gaza war. This thesis uses framing analysis and identity-construction analysis to examine eight Hamas speeches delivered between October 16, 2023, and the first prolonged ceasefire in January 2025. It explores how Hamas utilized discourse to construct identities and frame norms and interests during the war. Drawing on constructivist theory in International Relations and on theories of strategic identity construction and norm entrepreneurship, the analysis found that Hamas engaged in highly polarized discourse, constructing Israel as the “Other” while also appealing to universal and international law norms. It also employed a notable degree of religious language, including Qur’anic references and intertextual meanings where the war between Israel and Hamas is placed within a scriptural narrative. The thesis hence argues that Hamas acted as a norm entrepreneur, appealing to universal norms to gain greater international legitimacy and esteem among potential allies, while simultaneously maintaining religious elements to preserve legitimacy among its base.Morgonen den 7 oktober 2023 inledde Hamas en omfattande attack mot Israel under namnet Tawfan al-Aqsa Operationen. Som svar på attacken svarade Israel med ett brutalt bombardemang av Gazaremsan och början på det längsta kriget i den israelisk-palestinska konflikten var ett faktum. Kort efter attacken publicerade Hamas officiella uttalanden, från talesmanen för Qassam-brigaderna, Abu Obaida, och från ledaren för organisationens politbyrå, Ismail Haniyeh. Dessa uttalanden markerade början på det som utvecklades till Hamas offentliga utrikesdiskurs under det pågående Gazakriget. Denna uppsats använder gestaltningsanalys samt en analys av identitetskonstruktion för att analysera åtta Hamastal som hölls mellan den 16 oktober 2023 och den första långvariga vapenvilan i januari 2025. Uppsatsen kartlägger hur Hamas, genom sin offentliga utrikesdiskurs konstruerar identiteter och gestaltar normer och intressen under kriget. Med utgångspunkt i konstruktivistisk teori inom internationella relationer och teorier om strategisk identitetskonstruktion och normentreprenörskap fann analysen att Hamas begagnade sig av en starkt polariserad diskurs, där Israel konstruerades som den "Andre" samtidigt som genom gestaltning appelerar till universella och internationella rättsnormer. Hamas använde också en betydande grad av religiöst språk, inklusive Koranreferenser med intertextuella referenser. Uppsatsen argumenterar för att Hamas genom sin offentliga utrikesdiskurs agerat som en normentreprenör, genom att hänvisa till universella normer för att vinna större internationell legitimitet och respekt bland potentiella allierade, samtidigt som religiösa element behölls för att bevara legitimitet bland sina supportrar och bas
Handelsbodens betydelse för landsbygdens utveckling : En studie av fem kunders varuinköp från Håkanbols Handelsbod, Örebro Län, under åren 1903 till 1918 och hur detta speglar den svenska landsbygdens utveckling
No full textUtifrån outforskat bokföringsmaterial från Håkanbols Handelsbod i Örebro län, kopplar denna undersökning samman fem kunders varuinköp med den stora ekonomiska omvandling som Sverige genomgick 1903 till 1918. Landsbygdens ekonomiska transformation från självhushållning till marknadsbaserad varuhandel, i samband med ståndssamhällets upplösning, markerades av införandet av näringsfrihetsförordningen 1864. Ur de fem kundernas varukorgar har fyra nyckelprodukter: Förpackningar, Falukorv, Bröd, samt Kläder, studerats som indikatorer för moderniseringen av samhället. En tydlig ökning av de fyra nyckelprodukterna har påvisats vilket stärker studiens tes att utifrån ett mikrohistoriskt perspektiv skulle handelsbodens varuförsäljning kunna speglar den svenska ekonomiska utvecklingen under början av 1900-talet
Gangsterrappare: Missförstådda poeter eller våldsromantiker? : En kritisk diskursanalys av hur gangsterrappare positioneras och konstrueras i svenska mediesystem
No full textIcke används inte : En kartläggning av negationsanvändning på 1800-talet
No full textDen här uppsatsen undersöker med hjälp av en korpusanalys användningen av negationerna ej, icke och inte i texter från 1800-talet. Syftet är att kartlägga hur amvändningen av negationerna ser ut och hur den förändras från början till slutet av 1800-talet. I uppsatsen undersöks genre, tid och regional faktor som möjliga faktorer som påverkar vilken negation som används mest. Resultatet diskuteras med hjälp av sociolingvistiska teorier
Radiation Protection Perspectives in Emergency Preparedness
No full textWell-established emergency preparedness for radiological and nuclear events is essential for minimizing risks and consequences to public health, safety, and the environment. Such events may give rise to complex exposure scenarios that challenge existing frameworks for risk assessment, medical response, and decision-making, regardless of whether the incident is accidental or deliberate. Effective preparedness therefore requires technical capabilities for dose assessment, an integrated understanding of biological effects, training for relevant exposure scenarios, as well as a clear regulatory and organizational framework for emergency response. In addition to the technical and biological challenges addressed in the papers included in this thesis, emergency preparedness for radiological and nuclear events is strongly shaped by national legislation and regulatory frameworks issued by relevant authorities. The exercise of public authority, legal responsibilities, mandated roles during emergency situations, and coordination between agencies define how preparedness measures are implemented in practice and how response actions are initiated and managed. Radiological and nuclear events are governed by partly overlapping legal and organizational frameworks, which may complicate emergency preparedness and response. Radiological events are mainly handled within civil emergency preparedness structures, whereas nuclear events may require additional legal mechanisms related to national security and governmental decision-making. Moreover, the nature of the scenario, whether accidental or deliberate, may require involvement of law enforcement and other security actors, extending the scope of emergency response beyond radiation-related considerations alone. The overall aim of this licentiate thesis is to contribute to improved emergency preparedness for large-scale radiological and nuclear events by integrating technical, biological, and organizational perspectives. This aim is addressed through two complementary studies: one investigating the applicability of a biological dosimetry technique for exposure to mixed radiation fields, representative of those expected in nuclear emergency scenarios, and one assessing the consequences of a radiological dispersal scenario in an urban environment, with particular focus on the geographical distribution of radioactive contamination under varying local urban conditions. Together, these studies are placed within a broader framework of emergency preparedness, with particular attention to the Swedish regulatory and organizational context governing radiological and nuclear emergencies. The results show that both radiological emergency scenarios and nuclear-related exposure situations involve considerable complexity in terms of exposure patterns and dose assessment. The biological dosimetry study indicates that gene expression–based methods can provide useful information for retrospective dose assessment following mixed radiation exposures, supporting their potential application in large-scale triage situations. The radiological dispersal study shows that local conditions, such as urban landscape and meteorological factors, strongly influence the spatial distribution of radioactive contamination and potential population exposure. In large-scale emergency scenarios, the geographical extent of contamination can therefore have a significant impact on the selection of individuals for further medical examination. The findings of this thesis emphasise the importance of integrating technical assessments, biological dosimetry, and regulatory considerations in radiological and nuclear emergency preparedness. By addressing both consequence assessment and retrospective dose estimation, the work contributes knowledge that can support planning, decision-making, and prioritization of resources during large-scale emergency situations. The results may therefore provide analytical support to authorities and organizations involved in preparedness and response to radiological and nuclear emergencies
Spectral Geometry and Magnetic Fields on Quantum Graphs
No full textWe are interested in spectral geometry: the connection between the spectrum of certain operators and the geometry of the domain, as well as inverse problems: determining an operator from its spectrum. In this thesis two papers dedicated to Schrödinger operators on metric graphs are presented. A metric graph (similar to a discrete graph) consists of a set of vertices and a set of edges. But each edge is viewed as a real interval of some length. This gives a metric space structure. The (magnetic) Schrödinger operators on are self-adjoint operators acting on functions that are defined on the graph. Specifically they act as differential operators where are real valued functions. We view as an (electric) potential and as a magnetic potential on . Any Schrödinger operator on a metric graph is determined by the potentials and the vertex conditions describing the domain. The first paper gives an interpretation of the Colin de Verdière parameter in the context of metric graphs. The original Colin de Verdière parameter for discrete graphs is a number that gives topological information about the graph, such as whether the graph is planar or not. It is defined as the maximal multiplicity of the second eigenvalue for a class of matrices, associated with the graph, called Colin de Verdière matrices. The second paper is about Ambarzumian type theorems for metric graphs. These are theorems that show that a certain exceptional operator, in a family of operators, is uniquely determined by its spectrum. E.g. any Schrödinger operator with non-zero electric potential will have different spectrum than a Laplacian (i.e. an operator with potential equal to 0), provided the vertex conditions are standard. In the article it is shown how some Ambarzumian type theorems can be generalized to not only include the electric potential, but also a magnetic potential. This is the first time magnetic potential has been included in an Ambarzumian type theorem.