Publikationer från Röda Korsets Högskola
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Nurse’s experiences of caring for patients living with hiv and aids : A Litterature Review
No full textBackground:The number of persons living with hiv and aids are still high with the highest prevalence, one in twenty five adults found in Africa. Whilst there is no cure yet, there are antiretroviral drugs that substantially improve the life expectancy of people living with hiv and aids. However persons living with hiv and aids often face unfair stigma and discrimination and it is therefore important for the nurses to treat and address their issues with respect aswell diginity. Aim: The purpose was to describe the experiences of nurses who give care to patients living with hiv and aids. Method: The study is a literature review with ten original articles, analyzed with thematic analysis searched from Pubmed and Cinahl. Data was analyzed based on thematic analysis with a qualitative approach. Results: The results revealed that the experiences of nurse ́s working with personsliving with hiv and aids were twofold. The results are presented as the themes; Challenges in daily care, and emotionally stressful work situation, with four categories, limited experience and knowledge, lack of time for patient meetings, emotional experiences and factors that affect stress. Conclusion: Knowledge and education were needed to diminish the stigma tailored around persons living with hiv and aids, in order to be able to provide the best care. When there was lack of knowledge, people’s care opportunities suffered, this created stress and exhaustion among nurses.Bakgrund: Antalet personer som lever med hiv och aids är fortfarande högt. Högst prevalens i Afrika, där en av tjugofem vuxna personer bär på viruset. Även om det inte finns något botemedel ännu, finns det antiretrovirala läkemedel som avsevärt förbättrar livslängden för personer som lever med hiv och aids. Personer med hiv och aids drabbas ofta av stigmatisering och diskriminering, och det är därför viktigt för sjuksköterskorna att möta och behandla dessa personerrespektfullt. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva upplevelser hos sjuksköterskornasom vårdar personersom lever med hiv och aids. Metod: Studien är en litteraturöversikt med tio originalartiklar, analyserade med tematisk analys som sökts från Pubmed och Cinahl. Data analyserades baserat på tematisk analys med en kvalitativ metod. Resultat: Resultatet avslöjade sjuksköterskornas erfarenheter av att vårda personer som lever med hiv och aids där två teman kom till; Utmaningar i den dagliga vården, och emotionellt påfrestande arbetssituation, med fyra kategorier, begränsade erfarenheter och kunskaper, bristande tidför patientmöten, känslomässiga upplevelser och faktorer som påverkar stress. Slutsats: Kunskap och utbildning behövdes för att minska stigmatisering kring personer som lever med hiv och aids, för att den bästa vården skullekunna ges. Då det brast i kunskap blev patienternas vårdtillfälle lidande, detta skapade stress och utmattning hos sjuksköterskorna
Erfarenhet av hot- och våldspreventiva åtgärder : Sjuksköterskans röst - ett psykiatriskt omvårdnadsansvar
No full textBackground: Threats and violence are a major problem in healthcare that negatively affects both staff and patients. Acute Psychiatric wards are one of the most affected workplaces in healthcare and where work on threat and violence prevention is highly relevant. Violent preventive theories and concepts exist as developed research like the Bergenmodel, Deescalation and low-impact arousal. Aim: The aim is to describe the nurse's experience of the working group's application of threat and violence prevention measures in emergency psychiatric care. Method: The study is a qualitative interview study with a descriptive approach. Results: Three themes were identified - Prophylaxis measures, avert escalation and preserve knowledge. Crucial to the violence prevention work in emergency psychiatric care was to seek for respectful tone in encounters with patients to avoid escalating a suspected threatening situation. Knowledge, experience and training together with good cooperation inthe working group can lead to reduced situations of violence as staff is given the opportunity to experience safety and security. Conclusion: Adequate care with a focus on communication and professional encounter together with solid training is important for the working group's ability to work with violence prevention
Nursing care measures related to diabetic foot ulcers : By nurses in primary health care
No full textBakgrund: Diabetesfotsår är en av många komplikationer relaterade till diabetes mellitus typ I och II. Diabetesfotsår bidrar till en lägre livskvalité och funktionsnivå för individen samt medför höga vårdkostnader för samhället. Sjuksköterskan i primärvården har en central roll vid omvårdnad av denna patientgrupp. Primärvården fungerar som en första instans där initiala omvårdnadsåtgärder genomförs, dels som prevention men också i syfte att behandla. Syftet: Var att belysa sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsåtgärder relaterat till diabetesfotsår i primärvården. Metod: Litteraturstudien utfördes utifrån niostegsmodellen med en tematisk analys. Studier med kvantitativ och kvalitativ ansats inkluderades. Resultat: Ett huvudtema kunde identifieras, patientutbildning och egenvård, samt tre subteman. Resultatet visade att patientutbildning är en effektiv metod för att förbättra patientens egenvård relaterat till diabetesfotsår. Fler än tre utbildningstillfällen för patienter visades ge bäst resultat på egenvård. Adekvat egenvård minskar risken för diabetesfotsår. Slutsats: Patientutbildning är den omvårdnadsåtgärd sjuksköterskan i primärvården kan erbjuda patienten. Patientutbildning har som syfte att förbättra egenvården.Background: Diabetic foot ulcers is one of many complications related to diabetes mellitus type I and II. Diabetic foot ulcers cause lower quality of life and disability for the individual, the healthcare cost is also significant for the society. Nurses in primary health care have a central role in the nursing in this group of patients. Aim: Bring light to nursing care measures related to the diabetic foot ulcer in a primary care setting. Method: The literature review was made with the “Nine step model” with a thematic analysis. Studies with both a quantitative and qualitative approaches were included. Results: One main theme could be identified, patient education and self-care, as well as three sub themes. The result indicate that patient education is an effective method for improving self-care related to diabetic foot ulcers. More than three occasions of education for patientsgave the best results on self-care. Adequate self-care lowers the risk of diabetic foot ulcers. Conclusion: Patient education is the nursing care measure that nurses in primary care can offer patients. Patient education has the purpose of improving self-care
Becoming a global nurse : A thematic and interpretive analysis of bachelor's theses at the Swedish Red Cross University College
No full textThe overall purpose of this study was to initiate the process of developing a comprehensive theoretical framework associating the three entities defining the Swedish Red Cross University College (SRCUC): global nursing, global health and Red Cross and Red Crescent's perspective (RCRC). To do so, an analysis of nursing bachelor's theses over two periods (2011–2012 and 2015–2016) was initially needed to capture the academic essence. Two specific aims were defined: 1) To describe how global nursing and global health, in conjunction with the RCRC perspective, were addressed and contextualized in nursing bachelor's theses; and 2) To investigate how students’ knowledge in global awareness and vision has developed over time. Two overarching themes were identified: Conceptualizing caring relations and moving towards the body of global awareness and Understanding the art of nursing and ethics in complex nursing actions. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) guidelines were used to ensure the trustworthiness of the findings. By promoting relevant knowledge, the SRCUC prepares future nurses for upcoming health needs at the planetary level. This work was supported by the Swedish Red Cross University College</p
Kunskaper och erfarenheter för att främja hälsa hos patienter med ett drogmissbruk : Ur sjuksköterskors perspektiv
No full textBackground: Drug abuse is a global health problem and it's growing every day. Patients with a drug addiction leap a higher risk at hospitals because of their background history, patients are stigmatized as manipulative, shameful, aggressive and violent. It’s important that Nurses who will be taking care of patients with drug know their role and can see other factors then just what meets the eye. Purpose: The goal is to have nurses with the knowledge and experience to promote health in patients with a drug addiction. Method: This method" were found in two different databases, PsycInfo and PubMed. The eight scientific articles found for the result were examined on the basis of Polit and Beck's nine-step model. Result: It is important that nurses are offered extra training on patients with a drug addiction in order to alleviate the patients suffering. Conclusions: Take each patient as a unique case and give care based on their special need
Omvårdnad vid livets slut : Sjuksköterskors erfarenhet av palliativ hemsjukvård
No full textBackground: Palliative care is based on a holistic approach to maintain quality of life and alleviate suffering. The increased life expectancy where more people are living with chronic diseases means that the need for palliative care is increasing. Palliative home care is conducted through a team-based approach where the person and the relative are seen as a part of the care team. The nurses primary work is caring which includes giving support and alleviating suffering. The work also includes administrative tasks such as documentation and coordination. More knowledge about nurses experiences of working with palliative home care is required to increase understanding. Aim: Describe nurses experiences of providing palliative homecare. Method: Literature review with a thematic analysis including 10 articles. Results: Four themes were identified, collaboration between the professions, emotional challenges, time consuming work and cooperation with relatives. Conclusion: Palliative home care yields nurses many advantages in their caring role but requires competence and well-structured organisations. Nurses must advocate for all parties involved, including themself to be able to provide quality care. Present study identifies that nurses finds themself emotionally engaged in their work which is both an asset and a vulnerability. Bakgrund: Den palliativa vården utgår från en helhetssyn på människan för att bibehålla livskvalité och lindra lidande. Den ökade medellivslängden där allt fler lever med kroniska sjukdomar medför att behovet av palliativ vård ökar. Den palliativa hemsjukvården bedrivs genom ett teambaserat tillvägagångssätt där personen och anhöriga ses som en del av vårdteamet. Sjuksköterskans primära arbete är omvårdnad vilket innefattar stöd och lindra lidande. Arbetet inkluderar även administrativa uppgifter såsom dokumentation och koordination. Det krävs mer kunskap om sjuksköterskors upplevelse av att arbete med palliativ vård i hemmet för att öka förståelsen. Syfte: Var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenhet av palliativ vård i hemmet. Metod: Litteraturöversikt med tematisk analys inkluderande 10 artiklar. Resultat: Fyra teman identifierades, samarbete mellan professionerna, emotionella utmaningar, tidskrävande arbete och samverkan med anhöriga. Slutsatser: Palliativ vård i hemmet ger sjuksköterskor många fördelar i sitt utövande men ställer krav på kompetens och välstrukturerade organisationer. Sjuksköterskor behöver representera och advocera för alla parter, inklusive sig själv för att tillgodose god vård. I föreliggande studie framkommer att sjuksköterskor finner sig själva emotionellt engagerade iarbetet vilket är både en tillgång och en utsatthet.
How LGBTQ people experience healthcare encounter : A litterature review
No full textBakgrund: En god och jämlik hälsa för hela befolkningen är ett centralt mål för hälso-och sjukvården. Men forskning indikerar att HBTQ-personer upplever en sämre hälsa än övriga befolkningsgrupper och förekomsten av psykisk ohälsa är betydligt högre bland homo-och bisexuella jämfört med heterosexuella. Dessutom har forskning visat att HBTQ-personer utsätts för stigmatisering och diskriminering i samhället i stort men även inom vården. Den sociala stigmatiseringen och diskrimineringen gentemot HBTQ-personer anses ha en inverkan på den fysiska och psykiska hälsan. Syfte: Att beskriva hur HBTQ-personers upplever bemötandet inom vården. Metod: En litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ ansats utformades. Studien baserades på elva kvalitativa original artiklar som analyserades med en tematisk analysmetod. Resultat: Två teman identifierades: vårdpersonalens kompetens och vårdpersonalens attityd med tillhörande underteman:kommunikation, kunskap, diskriminering och stigmatisering och acceptans. Slutsats: En ökad kunskap och medvetenhet kring HBTQ behövs hos sjuksköterskor och övrig vårdpersonal för att kunna bemöta och tillgodose en jämlik vård till HBTQ-personer. Genom att utbilda framtida och nuvarande sjuksköterskor inom ämnet ökar möjligheten för en mer inkluderande och jämlik hälso-och sjukvård. Background: Good and equal health for the entire population is a key goal of health care. However, research indicates that lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) people experience poorer health than other population groups and the incidence of mental illness is significantly higher among homosexuals and bisexuals compared to heterosexuals. In addition, research has shown that LGBTQ-people are exposed to stigma and discrimination in society at large but also in healthcare. The social stigma and discrimination against LGBTQ people is considered to have an impact on the physical and mental health. It is important that the nurse has the right competence regarding LGBTQ-people in order to be able to meet and satisfy equal care. Aim: To describe how LGBTQ-people experience health care encounter. Method: A literature review with a qualitative method was designed. The study was based on eleven qualitative original articles that were analyzed using a thematic analysis method. Result: Two themes emerged: the health care staff’s competence and the health care staff’s attitude with associated subthemes: communication, knowledge, discrimination and stigmatization and acceptance. Conclusion: An increased knowledge and awareness of the LGBTQ community’s needs is necessary among nurses and other healthcare professionals, to be able to provide equal care. Opportunities for an inclusive and equal health care increases when future and current nurses are educated in the subjec
Nurse's experience of caring for patients with self-harming behavior : A literature review
No full textBakgrund: Självskadebeteende är vanligt förekommande i alla åldrar. Individer med självskadebeteende möter stigmatisering och diskriminering. Sjuksköterskor kan göra en stor skillnad för dessa patienter genom att bemöta de på ett respektfullt sätt. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskors upplevelse av att vårda patienter med självskadebeteende inom varierad sjukvårdskontext. Metod: Studien har en allmän litteraturöversiktdesign och inkluderar nio kvalitativa originalartiklar. Artiklarna söktes i databaserna CINAHL och PubMed. Data analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Två kategorier identifierades; vårdrelationen upplevs som komplex med underkategorierna känslomässig påverkan och känsla av otrygghet i sin profession samt utmaningar i det dagliga arbetet med underkategorier behov av tid för kommunikation och behov av utbildning. Slutsats: Spridning av kunskap och ökad uppmärksamhet om ämnet behövs för att förbättra omvårdnaden för patienter med självskadebeteende.Background: Nonsuicidal self-injuries behavior is common at all ages. Individuals with nonsuicidal self-injuries behavior face stigma and discrimination. Nurses can make a big difference for these patients by treating them in a respectful way. Aim: The purpose was to describe nurses' experience of caring for patients with self-harming behavior in a varied healthcare context. Method: The study has a literature review design and use nine qualitative original articles. The articles were searched in the databases CINAHL and PubMed. Data were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Results: Two categories were identified; the care relationship is perceived as complex with the subcategories emotional impact and feeling of insecurity in nursing-role as well as challenges in the daily work with subcategories need for time for communication and need for education. Conclusions: Spreading of knowledge and increased awareness of the subject is needed to improve care for patients with nonsuicidal self-injuries behavior
The resonable patient : A Swedish discourse construction
No full textThe aim of this study was to analyse how the patient is constructed and socially po-sitioned in Swedish patient information. Corpus-assisted critical discourse analysismethodology was utilised on a sample of 56 online patient information texts aboutcancer containing a total of 126,711 words. The findings show an overarching dis-course of informed consent guided by specific features to produce a patient normthat we name “the reasonable patient”, who is receptive to arguments, emotionallyrestrained and makes decisions based on information. Through the discourse of in-formed consent, the norm of the reasonable patient emerges, apparently to even outthe imbalance of power between patient and professional, but in reality, more likelyto construct a patient who is easily controlled and managed. When the self-respon-sibility towards health is incorporated into the everyday domestic spaces via digitalhealth technologies, the ideas and concepts of the patient role need to be reconsid-ered based on these new conditions. We conclude that it is important for nursingresearchers to broaden the research on patients to include the relationship of powercreated through language. This study demonstrates both methodological and empiri-cal possibilities to do s
A Scoping Review of Delphi Studies Concerning Social Participation of Refugees in Health Services
No full textThe ability to appropriately attend to refugee health needs in the countries that are receiving them is an enormous institutional challenge. The varying practicalities of administering refugee health services can affect a refugee’s mental health outcome during the adjustment period to their new home country. This is a report on a study undertaken to overview Delphi method approaches used to investigate the consensus by experts on the issue of refugees’ social participation in health services. The review was conducted from March to December 2018 by two evaluators utilizing a systematic search strategy in presently available electronic databases. Only Delphi studies concerning forced adult refugee’s social participation in health services were included, while studies that focused on children, minorities, immigrants, migrants, asylum seekers, etc., as well as studies that did not utilize the Delphi technique, were excluded. Ten peer-reviewed articles were included in the final charting of the data. The results show that Delphi approaches regarding refugee social participation have focused on important factors important for providing quality health care, health care priorities, barriers preventing social participation, and research priorities. The experts make clear that bureaucratic procedures, cross-cultural communication and empowerment, be taken into consideration when creating policies, in practice and in research. The conclusion is that by emphasizing the tacit knowledge of experts, the Delphi method can contribute to a deeper understanding of policy priorities and responsive health services