Publikationer från Röda Korsets Högskola
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Barriärer för hjälpsökande flykting- och asylsökande kvinnor med psykisk ohälsa : En kvalitativ intervjustudie
No full textBackround: Many patients from ethnic and minority groups have cultural needs and belief perceptions about health and care that differ from the mainstream population. To be able to cover the needs of the ongoing changing society in healthcare, does the nursing care professionals have awareness of the differences a patient’s cultural background is related to their health and how to help the patient in her new health related cultural environment. Aim: To explore the barriers and obstacles that refugee and asylum seeking women are faced with when looking for healthcare for mental ill-health in Sweden. Method: Qualitative in-depth interview study. Results: The result-analysis generated seven themas which were seen as a barrier or obstacle to seek healthcare to mental ill-health among refugee and asylum seeking women in Sweden. Knowledge about Swedish healthcare, Access to the healthcare and language, Somatic health problems, Education level, Economic situation, Prioritizing things in relation to health, and Taboos, shame, and fear of stigma around mental ill-health. Conclusions: This study shows that there are barriers and obstacles for refugee and asylum seeking women to seek healthcare for mental ill-health in Sweden. The study highlights the care professional’s knowledge cap about how to implement the law about care that cannot be delayed.Bakgrund: Många patienter från etniska grupper och minoritetsgrupper har kulturella behov och trossystem om vård och omsorg som skiljer sig från den vanliga befolkningen. För att kunna täcka behoven i det ständigt föränderliga samhället inom vården, behöver vårdpersonalen medvetenhet om skillnaderna mellan en patients kulturella bakgrund och deras hälsa och hur man kan hjälpa patienten i sin nya hälsorelaterade kulturmiljö. Syfte: Att utforska de barriärer och hinder som flykting- och asylsökande kvinnor ställs inför när de söker sjukvård för psykisk ohälsa i Sverige. Metod: Kvalitativ djupintervjustudie. Resultat: Resultatanalysen genererade sju temas sågs som ett hinder för att söka sjukvård mot psykisk ohälsa bland flykting- och asylsökande kvinnor i Sverige. Kunskap om svensk sjukvård, Tillgång till sjukvården och språk, Somatiska hälsoproblem, Utbildningsnivå, Ekonomisk situation, Prioritering av saker i relation till hälsa samt Taboos, skam och rädsla av stigma kring psykisk ohälsa. Slutsatser: Denna studie visar att det finns hinder för flykting- och asylsökande kvinnor att söka sjukvård för psykisk ohälsa i Sverige. Studien belyser vårdpersonalens kunskapslucka om hur man ska implementera lagen om vård som inte kan anstå
A link between healthcare and the judiciary : Nurse's experiences of forensic nursing in the meeting with adult crime victims
No full textInledning: Med ökad förekomst av våld i Sverige blir forensisk omvårdnad ett alltmer aktuellt ämne inom vården. Forensisk omvårdnad är länken som binder samman sjukvård och rättsväsende. Patientgruppen består av förövare, brottsoffer och anhöriga. Insamling och bevarande av bevis är förekommande saker inom forensisk omvårdnad. Syfte: Var att beskriva sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av forensisk omvårdnad i mötet med vuxna brottsoffer. Metod: Allmän litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ ansats, nio artiklar analyserades och bearbetades. Resultat: Två kategorier arbetades fram i resultatet; hinder i omhändertagandet av bevis och sjuksköterskans emotionella utmaning. Två underkategorier var; brist på kunskap, rutiner samt protokoll och brist på tid. Behandling som inger empati och trygghet är viktig. Utan utbildning i forensisk omvårdnad blir det svårt för sjuksköterskor att identifiera och ge adekvat samt korrekt vård till patientgruppen. Slutsats: Forensisk omvårdnad kan bidra till att gärningsmän fälls, skapa upprättelse för brottsoffer och säker vård. Sjuksköterskans arbete för att upptäcka och förebygga våldsbrott är viktigt. Därmed är sjuksköterskors utbildning i forensisk omvårdnad avgörande. Det finns behov av ytterligare forskning inom området för att kunna tillföra mer kunskap. Introduction: With increased incidence of violence in Sweden, forensic nursing is becoming an increasingly topical topic in healthcare. Forensic nursing is the link that connects healthcare and the justice system. The patient group consists of perpetrators, victims and relatives. Collection and preservation of evidence are things occurring in forensic nursing. Purpose: To describe the nurse's experiences of forensic nursing in the meeting with adult crime victims. Method: Literature review with a qualitative approach, nine articles were analyzed and processed. Results: Two categories were worked out in the results; barriers in handling evidence and the nurse's emotional challenge. Two subcategories were; lack of knowledge, routines and protocols and lack of time. Treatment that instills empathy and security is important. Without training in forensic nursing, it becomes difficult for nurses to identify and provide adequate and correct care to the patient group. Conclusion: Forensic nursing can contribute to the conviction of perpetrators, create redress for crime victims and safe care. The nurse's work to detect and prevent violent crimes is important. Thus, nurses' training in forensic nursing is crucial. There is a need for further research in the area in order to add more knowledge
Patient’s experience of brief admission inpsychiatric care : A literature study
No full textBackground: With a shift in psychiatric care where inpatient places have been reduced and the psychiatric care will increasingly take place in outpatient settings, patients are expected to take greater responsibility for their well-being. The difficulty for patients with serious and complex disease may be that they potentially be at risk of being refused admission when they seek help at an early stage. Therefore they might feel compelled to signal deterioration in one's health dramatic and in a destructive way, which can lead to compulsory psychiatric care with sometimes long periods of care. Aim: To explore patients experiences of the method brief admission in psychiatric care. Method: A literature study with 16 articles that were investigated using a qualitative approach and reviewed with thematic analysis. Result: The results are presented in three themes with two associated subthemes. The main finding was that the participants perceived brief admission as safe. The predictability and the increased control before and during hospitalization contributed to the participants becoming more responsible for their mental well-being, they were able to focus on their coping strategies and their recovery and experienced increased health. With increased responsibility, the care relationship changed to the nurse and became more equal. Conclusion: Brief admission increases participation, promotes self-care and changes the care relationship with the nurse. With Orem’s self-care theory, the nurse can promote cooperation with patients and contribute to increased quality of life
Nurses experiences of caring for critically ill children in emergency department
No full textBackground: When the Convention on the Rights of the Child became Swedish law, the requirements for children to be cared for by experienced staff increased, yet children are often cared for by nurses without pediatric training in emergency departments that primarily care for adults. Therefore, general nurses are expected to care for critically ill children, despite a lack of research examining their competence and preparedness. Purpose: To describe nurses' experiences of caring for critically ill children in an emergency department. Method: Qualitative interview study based on twelve participants who were selected through a convenience sample with a targeted selection strategy. The data analysis was done according to a qualitative content analysis and reported in a manifest content analysis. Results: The nurses were affected by a variety of challenges in the care of critically ill children in the emergency department. Which led to experiences of lack of competence, technical challenges, the nurses needed to consider more factors, make other reasonable judgments, and became dependent on manuals. The nurses also described a lack of training and education, problems with high staff turnover and a lack of specialist nurses in children. Conclusion: The nurses struggled to maintain clinical competence, which made them in need of a more stable introduction, education, and regular work in the children's emergency department. The lack of specialist nurses in children and the problem with staff turnover needed to be addressed, as they could be contributing factors to the nurses' feeling of lack of competence and insufficient performance.
Family members’ experiences of providing care for a loved one with cancer : A litterature review
No full textBackground: Cancer is today one of the most common public health diseases and the cause of around 9 million deaths each year. Cancer does not only affect the patient with the diagnosis, but also familymembers of the patient due to the occurrence of imbalance within the family system that the diseaseleads to. Family caregivers are thus affected by this imbalance and often take a great deal of responsibility for the care of the cancer patient. Aim: To describe family caregivers’ experiences of giving care to a patient with cancer. Method: General literature review with 10 articles being analyzed using content analysis. Results: Tree main categories emerged. Duty and increased burden, worsening health and need forsupport & information. Results show that family caregivers of cancer patients experience a range of emotional burdens, as well as feelings of inadequacy when caring for a patient with cancer. Conclusion: Family caregivers’ experiences of support and burdens can differ among each other oraffect their quality of life differently. The experiences may vary depending on factors such as type of cancer and stage, support structures, healthcare availability and financial resources within a country. There’s a need for more research on family caregivers’ experiences in relation to differences in those areas. Research in these areas could extend a nurse’s awareness, thus contributing to improved treatment and care
The nurse’s role in the detection of sepsis in theearly chain of care : A literature review
No full textBackground: Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction that is difficult to detect at an early stage due to the general and unspecific nature of symptoms, as well as the co-existence of comorbidities. An early identification is crucial to ensure a timely initiation of sepsis-related treatment measures. The nurse is a part of a team, where theoretical core competencies are applied in practice in order to realise a more effective continuation of a patient’s chain of care. Aim: The aim was to illustrate the nurse’s role in the detection of sepsis in the early chain of care. Methods: This work is a general literature review. Ten original studies were selected and analysed by means of a thematic analysis. Results: Three main categories were created: 1) The nurse’s input in case of sepsis, 2) Assessment in practice, 3) Working conditions within the early chain of care. These were then divided into subcategories. Conclusions: The nurse’s role in detecting sepsis in the early chain of care benefits from theoretical knowledge and clinical experience. Clinical assessment is hindered by unspecific symptoms, comorbidities and the use of unsuitable assessment scales in the identification of organ dysfunction. A lack of time and a high patientflow compromises the nurse’s accuracy. The nurse’s role within a team can be optimally utilised when a sense of empowerment is stimulated, by increasing the number of nurse-authorised treatment measures as well as the inclusion of nurses’ clinical judgment in clinical decision-making processes
Patients' experiences of self-care in diabetes type 2 : A literature review
No full textBakgrund: Diabetes typ 2 är en av de vanligaste sjukdomarna både i Sverige och globalt. Sjukdomen är progressiv vilket leder till ökade sociala kostnader för samhället och kan dessutom leda till lidande för den enskilde individen. Egenvård är en viktig del av vård vid diabetes typ 2. Sjuksköterskans ansvar är att förebygga hälsorisker samt förändra levnadsvanor genom att stötta patienter. I diabetes typ 2 är omvårdnaden viktig att utgå ifrån patienternas specifika grundläggande levnadsvanor och behov för att förstärka patientens egenvård. Syftet: Att beskriva patienters erfarenheter av egenvård vid diabetes typ 2. Metod: En litteraturstudie med Polit och Beck niostegsmodell har använts i arbetet. Vald analysmetod är kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Två kategorier används ”behov av stöd och kunskap” och ”utmaningar med livsstilsförändringar”. Resultatet visade att stöd från anhöriga och sjuksköterskor var en viktig del för att främja god egenvård hos patienten. Slutsats: Diabetes typ 2 är en utmanande folkhälsosjukdom utifrån patientens förmåga av egenvård. Personerna med diabetes typ 2 kan behöva implementera nya egenvårdsaktiviteter i sina dagliga rutiner för att upprätthålla god hälsa. Stöd från både anhöriga och vårdpersonal är viktigt för att egenvården ska vara framgångsrik. Background: Diabetes type 2 is one of the most common diseases both in Sweden and globally. The disease is progressive, which leads to increased social costs for society and can also lead to suffering for the individual. Self-care is an important part of care for type 2 diabetes. The nurse's responsibility is to prevent health risks and change lifestyle habits by supporting patients. In type 2 diabetes, it is important for nursing care to be based on the patients' specific basic lifestyle habits and needs in order to strengthen the patient's self-care. Aim: To describe patients' experiences of self-care in type 2 diabetes.Method: A literature study with Polit and Beck's nine-step model was used in the work. The chosen analysis method is qualitative content analysis. Results: Two categories are used: "need for support and knowledge" and "importance of lifestyle changes". The results showed that support from relatives and nurses was an important part of promoting good self-care in the patient. Conclusion: Diabetes type 2 is a challenging public health disease based on the patient's ability to self-care. People with type 2 diabetes may need to implement new self-care activities into their daily routines to maintain good health. Support from both relatives and healthcare professionals is important for self-care to be successful
Lost in translation : Nurse´s experiences of language barriers when caring for patients with a different cultural background
No full textBakgrund: En god kommunikation mellan sjuksköterska och patient är en grundförutsättning för god omvårdnad. För att uppnå en jämlik och personcentrerad vård är det viktigt att göra sig förstådd och blir förstådd. I olika kulturer har människor olika värderingar och normer gällande synen på hälsa vilket kan innebära att språkbarriärer kan vara ett hinder för denna förståelse. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av språkbarriärer vid omvårdnad av patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt genomfördes med en systematisk sökstrategi av artiklar och endast artiklar med kvalitativ data inkluderades. Analysen genomfördes med en tematisk, manifest analys enligt Braun och Clarke. Resultat: Vid analysen har tre teman arbetats fram. Utmaningar med språkbarriärer och kommunikation med tolk samt patientens integritet- och säkerhet. Slutsats: Språkbarriären och bristen på tid innebar att sjuksköterskorna fick använda sig av informella tolkar. Detta innebar sänkt patientenssäkerhet och ökad arbetsbörda för sjuksköterskorna. Brist på att förstå och bli förstådd resulterade i en sämre delaktighet i sin vård och avsaknad av person centrerad vård. Det krävs mer utbildning för sjuksköterskor när det finns språkbarriärer och bättre tolktillgängligheter samt ökad vilja för sjuksköterskorna att finna strategier för att arbeta när det finns språkbarriärer. Background: Good communication between nurse and patient is a basic prerequisite for caring for patient. In order to achieve equal and person-centred care, it is important to make yourself understood and to be understood. In different cultures, people have different values and norms regarding health, which can mean that language barriers can be an obstacle to this understanding. Aim: The aim of this study was to shed light on nurses´ experiences of language barriers when nursing for patients with a different cultural background. Method: A general literature review was conducted with a systematic search of articles and only articles with a qualitative approach was included. The analysis was carried out with a thematic, manifest analysis according to Braun and Clarke. Results: In the analysis, three themes have been developed. Challenges with language barriers and communication with an interpreter as well as patient privacy and security. Conclusions: Language barrier and lack of time were the reason why the nurses used informal interpreters. This has been shown to mean reduced patient safety and increased workload for the nurses. Deficiencies in understanding each other and being understood led to patients' poorer participation in their care and poorer person-centred care. More training is required for nurses when there is a language barrier and better availability of interpreters as well as increased willingness to overcome language barriers
Nonpharmacological Methods to Managing Procedural Pain in Children : A Literature Review
No full textBakgrund: Smärta hos barn i samband med procedurer i sjukvården är ett vanligt problem som sjuksköterskan hanterar. Hos barn är smärta tydligt kopplat till rädsla och otrygghet. Syfte: Att kartlägga icke-farmakologiska metoder för att hantera procedursmärta hos barn. Metod: En litteraturstudie med systematisk ansats som studerar kvantitativa studier. Resultat: Tio vetenskapliga studier på ämnet icke-farmakologiska metoder att hantera procedursmärta hos barn i åldern 2–10 år inkluderades i analysen. Smärthanteringsmetoderna kategoriserades under rubrikerna aktiva distraktionsmetoder, passiva distraktionsmetoder och fysikaliska metoder. De aktiva distraktionsmetoderna att barnet blåser såpbubblor eller spelar spel på surfplatta/smartphone eller virtual reality och användning av de fysikaliska metoderna vibration kombinerat med kyla i den medicintekniska produkten Buzzy, visade god evidens. Vidare forskning på ämnet passiv distraktion med sjukhusclowner och effekten av utformningen på sjuksköterskors arbetskläder är önskvärt. Aktiv distraktion visade lovande resultat och vidare kartläggning rekommenderas. Slutsats: Hantering av procedursmärta bör inkludera barns lek med såpbubblor, spel på surfplatta/smartphone, lek med distraktionskort samt de fysikaliska metoderna vibration och kyla.Background: Pain in children associated with procedures in healthcare is a common problem that nurses deal with. In children, pain is clearly linked to fear and insecurity. Aim: To map non-pharmacological methods to manage procedural pain in children. Method: A literature study with a systematic approach that studies quantitative studies. Results: Ten scientific studies on the topic of non-pharmacological methods of managing procedural pain in children aged 2–10 years were included in the analysis. The pain management methods were categorized under the headings active distraction methods, passive distraction methods and physical methods. The active distraction methods of the child blowing soap bubbles or playing games on a tablet/smartphone or virtual reality and using the physical methods vibration combined with cold in the medical device Buzzy, showed good evidence. Further research on the topic of passive distraction with hospital clowns and the effect of the design on nurses' work clothes is desirable. Active distraction showed promising results and further survey is recommended. Conclusion: Management of procedural pain should include children's play with soap bubbles, tablet/smartphone games, distraction card play, and the physical methods of vibration and cold
Nurse's experiance of palliative care
No full textBakgrund: Palliativ vård syftar till att lindra lidande i fysisk, psykisk, social och andlig mening. Inom den palliativa vården har sjuksköterskor ansvaret att möta patienternas och närståendes behov under dödsprocessen. Trots att döden är en naturlig del av palliativ vård kan starka känslor uppstå. Syfte: Studiens syfte var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av palliativ vård. Metod: Studien baserades på en litteraturöversikt av 12 vetenskapliga artiklar, där en kvalitativ innehållsanalys användes för att analysera materialet. Resultat: Resultatet presenteras i två kategorier: Det egna ansvaret och Utmaningar i att vårda palliativt samt fem subkategorier. Resultatet visade att sjuksköterskorna upplevde stark emotionell påverkan och att det fanns brister i deras kunskap och erfarenhet. Slutsatser: Det finns en stor global efterfrågan på palliativ vård, och sjuksköterskor spelar en viktig roll både på professionell och personlig nivå inom denna vårdform. Trots eventuella brister i kunskap och erfarenhet gör sjuksköterskorna sitt yttersta för att stödja patienter och närstående i en svår tid i deras liv. Background: Palliative care aims to relieve suffering in the physical, psychological, social and spiritual sense. In palliative care, nurses are responsible for meeting the needs of patients and their families during the dying process. Although death is a natural part of palliative care, strong emotions can arise. Aim: The purpose of the study was to describe nurses' experiences of palliative care. Method: The study was based on a literature review of 12 scientific articles, where a qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the material. Results: The results are presented in two categories: The own responsibility and Challenges in palliative care and five subcategories. The results showed that the nurses experienced strong emotional impact and that there were gaps in their knowledge and experience. Conclusions: There is a great global demand for palliative care, and nurses play an important role both on a professional and personal level in this form of care. Despite possible gaps in knowledge and experience, nurses do their utmost to support patients and families at a difficult time in their lives.