Publikationer från Högskolan i Gävle
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När framgång känns som en bluff – En analys av bluffsyndromets inverkan på stresshantering hos ledare i fastighetsmäklarbranschen
No full textTitel: När framgång känns som en bluff – En analys av bluffsyndromets inverkan på stresshantering hos ledare i fastighetsmäklarbranschen Nivå: Examensarbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen) i ämnet företagsekonomi Författare: Hanna Amri och Elin Ström Handledare: Elena Ahmadi Datum: 2025 - maj Syfte: Syftet med föreliggande studie är att undersöka förekomsten av bluffsyndrom hos ledare inom fastighetsmäklarbranschen i Sverige. Särskilt fokus ligger på att undersöka om förekomsten av bluffsyndromet hos ledare påverkar deras stresshantering utifrån Conservation of Resources (COR)-teorin. Metod: Studien utgår från en kvantitativ metod med ett deduktivt förhållningssätt som utgångspunkt. Populationen för studien är samtliga ledare inom fastighetsmäklarbranschen. Urvalet, som tilldelats enkäten, består av 1 000 fastighetsmäklare och av dessa har 96 personer svarat. Datan har analyserats i form av deskriptiv statistik, oberoende t-tester samt bivariata korrelationsanalyser med hjälp av statistikverktyget JASP. Resultat och slutsats: Studien visar att bluffsyndrom förekommer i viss utsträckning hos ledare inom fastighetsmäklarbranschen, där syndromet också visats ha en markant påverkan på individers stresshantering. Den slutsats som kan dras är att det är betydelsefullt att arbeta för att förebygga känslor av bluffsyndrom för att stärka såväl ledares välmående som organisationens effektivitet. Examensarbetets bidrag: Föreliggande studie bidrar till forskningen genom att fördjupa forskningsområdet om bluffsyndromet, vilket görs specifikt genom att studera det i relation till stresshantering inom fastighetsmäklarbranschen. Resultatet kan dessutom ge branschaktörer värdefulla insikter om utveckling av stödinsatser, såsom utbildningar i stresshantering. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Föreliggande studie har utgått ifrån en kvantitativ metodansats där främsta fokus legat på att undersöka förekomsten av bluffsyndrom och dess påverkan på stresshantering. Framtida forskning bör därför fokusera på högre svarsfrekvens, kvalitativa inslag, yrkeserfarenhetens betydelse på förekomsten av bluffsyndrom samt hur organisatoriskt stöd påverkar sambandet mellan bluffsyndrom och stresshantering. Nyckelord: Bluffsyndrom, ledare, fastighetsmäklarbranschen, stresshantering, Conservation of Resources (COR)-teorinTitle: When success feels like a fraud – An analysis of the impact of impostor syndrome on stress management among leaders in the real estate agent industry Level: Student thesis, final assignment for Bachelor Degree in Business Administratio Author: Hanna Amri och Elin Ström Supervisor: Elena Ahmadi Date: 2025 - may Aim: The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence of impostor syndrome among leaders in the real estate agent industry in Sweden. Particular focus is placed on investigating whether the presence of impostor syndrome affects their stress management, based on the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory. Method: The study is based on a quantitative method with a deductive approach. The population for the study includes all leaders within the real estate agent industry. The sample, which was given access to the survey, consists of 1,000 real estate agents, of whom 96 responded. The data has been analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, and bivariate correlation analyses with the help of the statistical tool JASP. Results and conclusion: The study shows that impostor syndrome occurs to some extent among leaders in the real estate brokerage industry, and that the syndrome has been shown to significantly affect individuals’ stress management. The conclusion that can be drawn is that it is important to work proactively to prevent feelings of impostor syndrome in order to strengthen both leaders’ well-being and organizational efficiency. Contribution of the thesis: The present study contributes to research by deepening the understanding of impostor syndrome, specifically by examining it in relation to stress management within the real estate brokerage industry. The results may also provide valuable insights for industry stakeholders regarding the development of support initiatives, such as stress management training. Suggestions for future research: This study applied a quantitative approach to examine the prevalence of impostor syndrome and its impact on stress management. Future research should focus on increasing response rates, incorporating qualitative methods, and exploring how professional experience and organizational support influence this relationship. Key words: Impostor Syndrome, leaders, real estate agent industry, stress management, Conservation of Resources (COR)-Theor
The purpose, description and development of teachers’ professional seeing a dialogue between Hattie and Schön
No full textA pedagogy of vision and seeing has a long history. Teachers’ professional vision, seeing and noticing are today regarded as important factors that affect the quality of their teaching and are considered important to develop. The article argues that there is a need to gain a deeper understanding of teachers’ professional vision, seeing and noticing and how they can be developed by creating bridges between various research traditions. Drawing on hermeneutic conversation as a method, the study addresses how two different researchers, John Hattie and Donald Schön, describe a) the purpose of teachers’ vision, seeing and noticing, b) what kind of development regarding teachers’ vision, seeing and noticing they suggest and c) where plausible similarities and/or differences between their reasoning can be found. The article’s major contribution is that it provides a metacognitive roadmap for professionals and educational researchers that both shows where Schön and Hattie intersect and where their views of teachers’ professional vision, seeing and noticing differ
Occupational biomechanical risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome surgery: a prospective cohort study on 203 866 Swedish male construction workers followed for 19 years
No full textObjectives To prospectively determine the association between occupational biomechanical exposures and the incidence of surgically treated carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in Swedish male construction workers. Methods A cohort of 203 866 Swedish male construction workers who participated in a national occupational health surveillance programme between 1971 and 1993 were followed for CTS surgery between 2001 and 2019. Age, height, weight, smoking status and construction trade were obtained from programme records. CTS surgery cases were defined using the diagnostic code for CTS and surgical procedure code for peripheral median nerve decompression in the Swedish National Patient Register. Biomechanical exposure estimates were assigned by trade from a job-exposure matrix. The relative risk (RR) of CTS surgery for each biomechanical exposure was assessed with multivariable negative binomial regression modelling. Results The study included 3851 cases and the total incidence rate of CTS surgery was 137.6 cases per 100 000 person-years. Associations were found for upper extremity load (RR 2.6; 95% CI 2.2 to 3.0), repetitive wrist flexion and extension (RR 2.6; 95% CI 2.2 to 3.0), full wrist extension (RR 2.3; 95% CI 1.9 to 2.6), power grip (RR 2.5; 95% CI 2.2 to 2.9), pinch grip (RR 2.0; 95% CI 1.7 to 2.4), handheld tool use (RR 2.3; 95% CI 2.0 to 2.7) and hand-arm vibration exposure (RR 2.3; 95% CI 1.9 to 2.7). Conclusions Occupational upper extremity load and postural exposures were associated with increased risk for surgical treatment for CTS in this large construction worker cohort. Preventive actions and consideration of occupation on assessment are warranted
Creating Space for Everyone : School-age educare teachers’ work with inclusion of children in need of special support
No full textDetta examensarbete syftar till att undersöka hur fritidshemslärare arbetar med inkludering av elever i behov av särskilt stöd. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer med åtta fritidshemslärare har studien belyst deras förhållningssätt samt de anpassningar somgenomförs i fritidshemmets miljö och aktiviteter. Resultatet visar att inkludering inte enbart ses som ett mål utan som ett förhållningssätt som genomsyrar hela verksamheten. Fritidshemslärare uttrycker ett starkt engagemang för att skapa en tillgänglig och meningsfull vardag för alla elever där relationer, trygghet och delaktighet står i fokus. Samtidigt framkommer att arbetet med inkludering ofta sker under begränsade organisatoriska förutsättningar. Brist på tid, personal och specialpedagogiskt stöd beskrivs som centrala hinder. Anpassningar görs ofta informellt och situationsanpassat, där lärarnas erfarenhet och flexibilitet spelar en avgörande roll. Studien analyseras utifrån Nilholms (2020) kompensatoriska perspektiv samt dilemmaperspektivet, vilket synliggör de spänningar som uppstår i mötet mellan elevers individuella behov och verksamhetens ramar. Resultatet visar att hållbar inkludering kräver mer än enskilda lärares insatser. Det krävs även tydliga strukturer, gemensamma riktlinjer och stöd från ledning och organisation
Navigating Identities: Hybridity in Crossing the River
No full textThis essay examines Nash Williams’ struggle with identity and belonging in the novel Crossing the River by Caryl Phillips, focusing on the themes of hybridity, colonialism, and psychological dissonance. Using postcolonial theory, particularly Homi K. Bhabha’s theoretical framework, I explore how Nash’s dual identity reflects the broader tensions of a colonized subject navigating both African and Western cultures. His intellectual and emotional journey as a former slave, missionary, and member of the African diaspora highlights the complexities of reconciling his past with his present. Through his letters to his former master, Edward, whom he also calls “Father”, Nash’s attempts to assert an authentic identity are hindered by the cultural and emotional fractures he faces. The essay shows how these experiences of displacement and alienation illuminate the impact that colonialism has on personal identity and belonging, which ultimately leaves Nash in an unresolved state of hybridity
Reliability and Validity of the Bengali Version of WHODAS 2.0 in individuals with spinal cord injury
No full textBackground: A spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex medical condition that often results in functional impairments and severe morbidity. This study aims to assess the reliability and validity of the Bengali version of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) (36-item version) in individuals with SCI. Methods: A total of 144 participants (81% men) underwent interviews using WHODAS 2.0, Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) and the SF-36 Health Survey 2.0 (SF-36), alongside collecting socio-demographic and injury-related data. (e.g., age, sex, injury type, and injury severity). A sub-sample of 62 participants underwent a repeat assessment 8-10 days later. Reliability was measured through internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and test-retest reliability (Intra-class correlation coefficients, ICC). Validity was assessed via internal validity (e.g., scaling assumptions, floor and ceiling effects), convergent and discriminative validity, along with Rasch analyses for dimensionality and item fit. Results: Internal consistency ranged from questionable (alpha=0.69 for getting around) to excellent (alpha=0.92 for life activities). Test-retest reliability varied from moderate (ICC=0.58 for cognition) to excellent (ICC=0.92 for self-care). Correlations with SCIM and SF-36 2.0 supported convergent validity. Discriminative validity was confirmed by significant differences between individuals with paraplegia and tetraplegia across all WHODAS-2 domains. Notably, all items in the Cognition domain did not fit the Rasch model. Conclusion: The Bengali version of WHODAS 2.0 demonstrates acceptable reliability and validity in individuals with SCI in a resource-limited setting. While overall performance is good, limitations were observed in the Cognition domain's item fit. This study advocates for the clinical use of WHODAS 2.0 but emphasizes the importance of further validation in larger samples
Utveckling av ett kompletterande lyftverktyg för ergonomisk paketering av borrkronor
No full textPackaging is usually a last step in industrial production chains and usually consists of manual handling. This becomes particularly problematic when the products constitute a considerable dead weight, in combination with a packaging rate of four units per minute. The manual packaging processes thus result in ergonomically unfavorable conditions, which increases the risk of strain injuries and reduced work capacity. By developing a supplementary lifting tool that can grip, lift, rotate and move drill bits, a more ergonomic packaging process is enabled. The work aims to reduce the risk of strain injuries and ensure a stable production rate. The goal is to develop a lifting tool and evaluate its ergonomic improvement potential. The work began with a current analysis of existing handling, which identified parameters that affect ergonomics. The parameters formed the basis for an ergonomic assessment using the QEC method, which demonstrated significant strain on the shoulders and arms. In addition, areas for improvement were identified, and three potential solution concepts were generated using CAD. The concepts were evaluated based on ergonomic and functional factors, after which concept, one was selected for further development. The selected concept was further developed through CAD, design calculations, and analyses. The final concept combines a manual switching magnet with a mechanical pneumatic system. By gripping a drill bit with the magnet and raising the tool, the drill bit is rotated − under its own weight − from vertical to horizontal orientation, while pneumatic cylinders control the speed of movement. Implementation of this tool means that operators no longer must perform the most ergonomically demanding work steps. CAD has been a crucial tool throughout the process, as it enabled both concept development and further development. Systematic work and evaluation have resulted in extensive knowledge of how this type of problem can be managed. The work also highlights the importance of ergonomic assessment methods to both identify and evaluate potential solution alternatives. The comparison between the manual handling assessment method and the theoretical analysis when implementing the tool, demonstrates that it has the potential to improve the working environment. The potential of the tool lies in reducing the load ergonomics to an exposure level lower than the need for action and rest. This leads to the elimination of the need for recovery, which results in the packaging rate being maintained by an operator, without the risk of ergonomic strain injuries. The comparison between the manual handling assessment method and the theoretical analysis when implementing the tool shows that it has the potential to improve the work environment. Use of the tool is therefore considered to reduce the risk of strain injuries
Cognitive bias in perceived concern with rainfall : Implications for climate adaptation
No full textRainfall data usually comprise large sets of complex information, with data points spread across both time and space. To be understood, such environmentally significant data must be integrated—but distribution shapes can bias this integration process. Distribution biases can lead to differing levels of concern with rainfall, and in turn, alter the perceived importance of climate adaptation measures. In three experiments, participants reported greater concern about rainfall and reported stronger climate adaptation intentions when rainfall distributions were negatively skewed compared to positively skewed, even though both distributions contained identical total rainfall. This cognitive bias from skewed distributions persisted in both retrospective judgments of entire stimulus sets, and in evaluations of additional instances of rainfall, and it depended on foreknowledge of stimulus context (i.e., the shape and endpoints of the distribution). The results demonstrate how cognitive bias can influence the formation of environmental attitudes
Prislappsmodellen : - Nyckeln till förbättrat budgetarbete och ökad transparens i budgetarbetet i svenska kommuner
No full textSAMMANFATTNING Syfte: Vårt syfte med denna studie är att öka förståelsen för vilken påverkan prislappsmodellen har på budgetarbetet i svenska kommuner, med avgränsning till Norr- och Västerbottens län. Följande tre forskningsfrågor har undersökts: - Hur upplever kommunerna att prislappsmodellen förändrat deras budgetarbete? - På vilket sätt upplevs prislappsmodellen skapa förutsättningar för realistiska och transparenta budgetramar? - Hur är kommunernas upplevelse gällande om prislappsmodellen bidragit till ökad transparens och därigenom påverkat legitimiteten? Metod: Vi har använt oss av en kvalitativ metod med abduktiv ansats. Vi har genomfört semistrukturerade intervjuer med ekonomichefer inom kommuner i Norr- och Västerbottens län. Intervjuerna har analyserats genom en tematisk analys. Resultat och slutsats: Studien visar på en upplevelse av att prislappsmodellen bland annat bidrar till ökad tydlighet och förbättrad jämförbarhet. Därtill upplevs modellen ge ökad transparens och därigenom även en påverkan på legitimiteten. Examensarbetets bidrag: Studien bidrar till ökad förståelse för prislappsmodellens påverkan på budgetarbetet i svenska kommuner, vilket är ett tidigare outforskat område. Därtill bidrar studien till att synliggöra prislappsmodellen samtidigt som den möjliggör för kommuner att ta del av insikter om andra kommuners erfarenheter och tankar kring modellen. Studien kan även bidra till ett ökat intresse för kommunal ekonomi generellt. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Vårt förslag till fortsatt forskning är en utökad studie som inkluderar jämförelser av hur kommunernas budgetramar förändrats efter modellens införande. Därtill anser vi även att det skulle vara intressant att studera eventuella skillnader på prislappsmodellens användande mellan kommuner i olika delar av Sverige eller mellan kommuner av olika storlek. Även att studera förvaltningsekonomernas och politikernas syn på modellen hade varit av intresse
Who does the child in need of special support become? : The construction of childrens's identities in preschool teachers' stories about children in need of special support
No full textBedömningen av barn i behov av särskilt stöd sker enligt tidigare forskning genom kategoriseringsprocesser där barnets identitet socialt konstrueras i relation till identifierade svårigheter. Hur dessa kategoriseringsprocesser ser ut skiljer sig dock mellan förskollärare. Styrdokumentens riktlinjer har dessutom visats vaga och ger begränsad vägledning i bedömningarna. I ljuset av detta syftar denna studie på att undersöka hur barn i behov av särskilt stöd konstrueras i förskollärares berättelser om sina erfarenheter av bedömningspraktiker. Studien har utförts med en narrativ ansats och data har samlats in genom semistrukturerade digitala intervjuer och telefonintervjuer med förskollärare. Ur data har små berättelser lyfts fram och analyserats genom positioneringsanalys för att synliggöra den identitetskonstruktion av barn som sker i förskollärarnas tal. Studiens resultat visar att barn i behov av särskilt stöd huvudsakligen konstrueras utifrån tre kategorier: det avvikande barnet, det utåtagerande barnet och det okontaktbara barnet. Resultatet visar också att professionella dilemman kopplade till samarbetet med vårdnadshavare, organisatoriska förutsättningar och bedömningar påverkar identitetskonstruktionen. Ur dessa resultat dras slutsatsen att barns identiteter främst konstrueras i relation till avvikelser i deras utveckling eller beteenden, avvikelser som i många fall anses vara inneboende i barnet. Slutsatsen visar även att det råder en oenighet mellan förskollärare angående vilka barn som ska anses kunna vara i behov av särskilt stöd och mellan förskollärares arbete i praktiken och läroplanens riktlinjer