73135 research outputs found
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De madres, sabias y amantes: La construccion cultural de la mujer judia y musulmana en la literatura castellana medieval.
No full textLiterary texts function as social and symbolic acts that pose questions of identity and identification, reflecting sometimes the socio-cultural attitude of the dominant majority in a historical era. Thus, medieval Castilian works often contain a biased portrayal of Muslim and Jewish women, by depicting them as genetically lascivious, sexually accessible, and worthy only of casual relationships. The few gender-oriented critical studies hitherto published deal mainly with the depiction of these aspects in Muslim and Jewish maidens, but pay little attention to the roles that other categories of women (mothers, wives, wise women) played in medieval Castile.An examination of all categories of Muslim and Jews women (in works such as Alfonso X's Cantigas de Santa Maria, Don Juan Manuel's El Conde Lucanor, some ballads and epic poems) reveals a Christian socio-political agenda of domination and appropriation. During the Iberian Reconquest, female Others are marginalized, treated as sexual objects, or integrated in the Christian culture through an acculturation process. Even their progeny, the result of sexual relationships with Spaniards, are appropriated by the dominant culture. Such a process foreshadows a concatenation between the Reconquest and later European colonialism: women are the first members of the Other's culture to be incorporated into the culture of the conquerors.Once Castile achieved the Reconquest (1492), literature ceased to produce texts depicting sexual contact between Christian men and women of marginal cultures. Instead, in later works such as EL Abencerraje the focus shifted towards an ethical parameter: the praise of the Christian man, capable not only of controlling his own sexual impulses, but also of canalizing similar impulses in the Other (the weak Muslim man and the still excessively erotic woman) towards matrimony. In conclusion, Christians had won also because they reconstructed the sexuality of the Others.Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, 2004.School code: 0093
The letters 1938-1945 : The Grunwalds' journey from oppression to freedom.
No full textThe bulk of the correspondence is between Susanne Sommer's parents, Max and Marga Grunwald, and their sponsors in the United States, Paul and Jean Lewinson. Also included are letters from Susanne Sommer's maternal grandparents prior to their deportation from Berlin in 1942 and from her paternal grandfather prior to and after his deportation from Stettin to a ghetto in Poland. Also included are a number of letters by Hugo Grunwald, Susanne Sommer's uncle, who joined the British army after his immigration to England.Max and Marga Grunwald immigrated with their daughter Susanne from Berlin to the United States via Manila
"We are not only English Jews---we are Jewish Englishmen": The making of an Anglo-Jewish identity, 1840--1880.
No full textThis work explores changes and developments in London's Jewish community in the years between 1840 and 1880 as it strove to maintain the religious connection and identity of its members while simultaneously joining the greater English society. Departing from earlier treatments of Anglo-Jewish identity, this project focuses on the crucial years during the Victorian period in which a majority of the community was, for the first time, native-born.More specifically, this work examines the melding of English and Jewish social, educational, institutional, and economic elements to create a new hybridization, Anglo-Jewry. The examination of this identity-formation process has been fleshed out by detailed canvassing of relevant period newspapers, both Jewish and English, as well as other archival material. Particular emphasis is placed on advertising material from the Anglo-Jewish press during these years, something that has not been done in previous work. Developments covered include changes in Jewish charity organization, in the Chief Rabbinate and its interactions with London Jewry, and in the economic, social, and political status of the community. It also deals with accommodative changes in education, and describes, in effect, the ability of the Jewish Community to maintain and adapt its Jewish practice and identity while creating an acceptable English persona for itself and its members, transforming most English Jews into Jewish Englishmen in the process.Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Buffalo, 2004.School code: 0656
Historical fictions: Representations of nineteenth-century Jewish salons.
No full textThis dissertation investigates how perceptions of Jewish salons in nineteenth-century Berlin have been shaped and manipulated by various kinds of texts. The story of salons is a non-linear tale with a complex and often obscure transmission history that is reflected in the primary and secondary literature. Most salon research appears to be based on letters, memoirs and other "non-fictional" writings. However, as the subsequent analysis illustrates, historical novels have played a significant role in transmitting reliable and unreliable information about Jewish women and their social circles.As narratives, histories have certain structural principles in common with other texts. The first chapter examines the similarities between fictional and non-fictional narratives and addresses problems associated with representing historical events in writing. Three case studies demonstrate how texts that appear to be legitimate historical representations may in fact lead to the transmission of myths and misperceptions about the past. These examples show that the distinction between history and historical fiction is actually quite subtle.The next three chapters examine representations of Jewish women and their salons in six nineteenth-century novels. Fanny Lewald's Prinz Louis Ferdinand and Kathinka Zitz's Rahel oder dreiunddrei&bgr;ig Jahre aus einem edeln Frauenleben depict Rahel Levin Varnhagen in historical novels that rely heavily on contemporary sources. Luise Muhlbach's Rastatt und Jena and George Hesekiel's Vor Jena examine the role of Jewesses in Prussian society from diametrically opposed political perspectives. Finally, Willibald Alexis' Ruhe ist die erste Burgerpflicht and Theodor Fontane's Schach von Wuthenow draw implicit parallels between the experiences of Jewesses and other disadvantaged social groups in critical portraits of nineteenth-century society.The last chapter of the dissertation traces how a diverse selection of twentieth-century texts transmits inaccurate information about Jewish salons. Close readings of these writings reveal their reliance on a small body of literature that includes the historical novels discussed in the previous chapters. In their treatment of various kinds of primary and secondary sources as though they were interchangeable, these studies approach the status of historical fiction themselves.Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2004.School code: 0181
Beyond war and peace in the Arab Israeli conflict.
No full textThis PDE consists of a book entitled Beyond War and Peace in the Arab Israeli Conflict, accompanied by a contextual essay that places Worldwork in the context of the larger field of conflict management. The book is based on applying Worldwork, the group process and conflict work based on process-oriented psychology. Assuming that traditional war and peace methods are inadequate for dealing with the growing identity-based conflicts the world is facing, the book examines key parts of conflict in a way that moves beyond traditional approaches to war and peace, including working with hopelessness, fear, grief, revenge, and other difficult emotions that perpetuate war. The book then focuses on how to work directly with violence, including working with the energy of the killer. Beyond War and Peace contains nineteen exercises that the reader can utilize to understand points from an experiential as well as intellectual perspective.Both the book and the contextual essay address specifically the history of the conflict between Jews and Arabs, and apply the methods of Worldwork to these specific conflicts. A major purpose of both documents is to provide specific information about the conflict between Arabs and Jews, and to expand the field of conflict work so that these methods can be applied to similar conflicts worldwide.Because Beyond War and Peace is written for the general public, the contextual essay is a more appropriate forum for in-depth explanation of process-oriented psychology and Worldwork. The contextual essay also covers the methodology utilized to discover concepts in the book, including the seminars I taught, the seminar films I studied, and future directions of this work. The essay also addresses the limits of Worldwork, as well as covering Worldwork's and process-oriented psychology's approach to research.Thesis (Ph.D.)--Union Institute and University, 2004.School code: 1414
A Jewish messiah in the Ottoman court: Sabbatai Sevi and the emergence of a Judeo-Islamic community (1666--1720).
No full textThis dissertation is about a person and a community in perpetual transition. It seeks to present a new historical perspective of a highly influential Jewish messianic Sabbatian movement that surfaced in the Ottoman Empire in 1665. The movement emerged within the matrix of early modern Ottoman and European social and religious developments and after the conversion of the "messiah" to Islam in 1666, it was transformed into a Judeo-Islamic messianic sect, better known in later periods as the sect of the Donmes. The dissertation aims to interpret this experience within the Ottoman material and cultural world and to write a monograph on the movement and its sects, that takes specific Ottoman institutions, practices, personalities and networks into account.This work attempts to bring together methodological approaches of social and intellectual history and religious studies. The first chapter is an account of the transformation of Sabbatai Sevi into Aziz Mehmed Efendi from 1665 to 1666. The second chapter narrates Aziz Mehmed Efendi's transformation into Sabbatai Mehmed Sevi. The third chapter deals with the formative period of the Ottoman Sabbatian community until 1720, when the third and final split occurred and the community was divided into the Yakubis , Karakas' and Kapancis. In the fourth chapter, I deal with the formation of Sabbatian identity by looking at the dialectic between the communities' self-perception and the larger society's perception of the communities.Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2004.School code: 0084
AHC Interview with Harry Hochstadt.
No full textDigital audioHarry Hochstadt was born Harry Hochstaedt in Vienna on September 7th, 1925. He lived with his parents Amalie Dorn and Samuel Hochstadt in the seventh district. He attended elementary school and then for three years Gymnasium in Vienna. HH and his family left Vienna on September 26th, 1938 and went to Paris. From there they went on to New York where they arrived on December 1st, 1938. HH attended Cooper Union University where he received a B.Ch.E. degree in 1949. Thereafter he attended NYU where he received an MS degree in 1950 and a PhD degree in 1956. HH is married to Brooklyn, NY-born Pearl Schwartzberg and is the father of two children. He is a retired professor of math and lives in Pennsylvania and sometimes in Brooklyn, NY.Austrian Heritage CollectionSee also Harry Hochstadt's memoirs (ME 1436
AHC interview with Erika Kirschen-Zahler
No full textErika Kirschen-Zahler was born on December 24,1924, in Vienna where she lived at Senefeldergasse 53 in the first district. She attended high school in Vienna, and was part of a Zionist youth group. She left Vienna in 1941, with the help of an American Jewish foster home. She finally came to the United States in April of 1941. Both of her parents were killed in concentration camps. She became a medical techician and now lives in New York City, New York
AHC Interview with Walter Landa
No full textWalter Landa was born in Vienna on July 28, 1927. He lived with his parents, Carla Gruess Landa and Hans Jonas Landa, in Vienna and Gross-Enzersdorf, Lower Austria. Hans Jonas Landa was a physician and a member of the "Heimwehr". The familly had to leave Vienna in May 1940 to Genoa (Italy). From Italy, they went to New York two weeks after departure from Genoa. Mr. Walter Landa worked as an engineer and is now retired
AHC Interview with Eva Costabel
No full textEva Costabel, nee Deutsch, was born in Zagreb, Croatia on November 20, 1924. She was a member of the Jewish gymnastic club Maccabi in Zagreb. During World War II, she was interned at camps in Croatia and Italy. She stayed in Bari, Italy for two and a half years, then in Rome, where she stayed for 3 years. She then came to Paris, France, and finally arrived in New York in 1949. She works as an artist and lives in New York, New York