73135 research outputs found
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Vor 70 Jahren: Hitlers Machtergreifung und die Folgen fuer juedische Sportlerinnen und Sportler.
No full textIn: Achilles, Klaus: Streifzug durch die Sportgeschichte : Festschrift zur Verabschiedung von Prof. Dr. Harald Braun / Red.: Klaus Achilles. Hrsg. vom Verein f. Hochschulsport (VfH) e.V. an d. Univ. Bremen. Bremen : VfH, 2004. (Schriften des Hochschulsports Universität Bremen [11779395] ; 4), pp. 353-373Also includes proposal for research project "Geschichte des juedischen Sports im Gebiet des heutigen Niedersachsens bis zum Jahre 1938
The Backer/Bächer families : Settling in new lands.
No full textFamily history with recollections by individual family members, photographs and family tree.Backer family; Baecher family; Heller family; Honig family; Hoenig family; Fleischer family.Ivan Backer was born in Prague to Benno Bacher and Alice Fleischer in 1929. In 1939, he escaped to England with a Kindertransport, where he converted to Christianity. He was reunited with his parents, and the family immigrated to the US in 1944 on a cargo ship.See also Ivan Backer's 'Roots and remembrances', MS 601
The Spier family of Zwesten (Hesse, Germany) : Biographies, genealogical charts /
No full textThe following locations are mentioned in this manuscript: Zwesten; Merzhausen; Willingshausen; Schrecksbach; Wasenberg; Hatzbach; Momberg; Leidenhofen; Rauischholzhausen; Mansbach; Wittelsberg
Rabbanite-Karaite relations in Fatimid Egypt and Syria: A study based on documents from the Cairo Geniza.
No full textThis thesis narrates the history of relationships between Karaite and Rabbanite Jews in Egypt, Syria, and Palestine during the eleventh century and asks whether Karaites constituted a sect apart from the Rabbanites in any sociologically meaningful sense of the term. Previous histories have examined polemics, religious law, and other prescriptive literature and represented the Karaite-Rabbanite schism as progressing inexorably until it reached a point of no return. Shifting the inquiry from the literary to the social plane, this work adduces documentary sources from the Cairo Geniza to show that centuries after the first boundaries were drawn, Rabbanites and Karaites stole across them with ease and frequency.Collaboration between the two groups owed partly to a certain style of social relations in the medieval Near East. Geographic mobility, the breakdown of old social ties, and the resulting tendency of the elites to seek affiliations across a broad variety of social networks created conditions conducive to Karaite-Rabbanite intimacy. Karaites and Rabbanites formed business partnerships and intermarried with the approval of their legal authorities; Rabbanite scribes and judges willingly wrote documents according to the Karaite formulary; rabbinic leaders maintained warm relationships with Karaite grandees, not merely in consideration of their political and economic power but because they took social enmeshment for granted.More than merely seeking alliances, the two groups depended on one another in their institutional and communal lives. Karaites contributed funds to the rabbinic academy in Jerusalem and helped the rabbinic academies in Baghdad extend their leadership over Mediterranean Jewry by carrying responsa and donations back and forth. Aspiring rabbinic leaders in Palestine recognized that Karaite support was indispensable to their campaigns for office. Over the course of the eleventh century, the ties binding the two groups to each other became stronger rather than weaker, so that as Mediterranean communities turned away from the centers of rabbinic learning in Iraq and Syria, their efforts to develop institutions of Jewish regional self-government drew decisively on Karaite collaboration. Finally, it is argued that the toleration the rabbis evinced toward Karaism forces one to reconsider the nature of 'orthodoxy' and 'heresy' in medieval Judaism.Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2004.School code: 0054
Hashomer Hatzair youth movement, 1918--1924 from eastern Galicia and Vienna to Palestine: A cultural history.
No full textThis Dissertation examines the early, pre-Marxist years of Hashomer Hatzair youth movement from a wider perspective of European intellectual and cultural history. The movement originated in the Habsburg province of eastern Galicia around 1911 and was founded in Vienna in 1916. During World War I the first cohorts of the movement arrived in Vienna as war refugees along with their families. It was in this intellectual maelstrom and thanks to their exposure to the Viennese Jugendkulturbewegung, headed by the Jewish intellectual Siegfried Bernfeld that the movement's members received their intellectual formation. In 1920 the movement began its immigration to Palestine and was one of the founders of the kibbutz movement.In Vienna, the movement was exposed to a number of intellectual currents: Martin Buber's existential approach to Judaism and religiosity, Nietzschean Lebensphilosophie, Gustav Landauer's community oriented anarchism, Hans Bluher's theory of Mannerbund and Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis. These currents were incorporated into the movement's nascent worldview.Part 1 of the dissertation examines the eastern Galician roots of the movement. Part 2 is dedicated to the movement's inculcation of the various intellectual currents in Vienna. Part 3 looks closely at the community of Bitania which the movement founded in 1920 in the Galilee. In this community the movement sought to experiment with the ideas it had brought to Palestine. Bitania was to become an "erotic community," where a set of practices was instrumental in intensifying the bonding experience.In examining the intellectual orbit of Hashomer Hatzair and its peculiar brand of post-traditional Judaism, this dissertation claims that Hashomer Hatzair imported distinctly German and Central European ideas, concerns and modes of thought into its evolving worldview. This may serve to destabilize the preconceived dichotomies between Eastern European Jews as opposed to German Jews, and Jewish modes of thought as opposed to German ones.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2004.School code: 0031
Keeping up with the Goldbergs: Gender, consumer culture, and Jewish identity in suburban Nassau County, New York, 1946--1960.
No full textIn 1953, Rita Newborn, a founder of the Plainview Jewish Center in Nassau County, New York, asked the Waring Company to loan her a blender so she could make latkes for a Hanukkah party. By incorporating this blender into her Hanukkah celebration, rather than grating the potatoes by hand, Newborn combined her identity as a suburban American consumer with that of a Jewish homemaker concerned with maintaining traditional Jewish foodways.In the wake of widespread migration of Jews to the suburbs during the 1950s, social critics predicted the attenuation of Jewish affiliation in the face of assimilation. This dissertation, however, argues that second-generation Jews, like their parents and grandparents, used consumer culture to connect with Judaism, and shows how Jewish suburban experience was refracted through the practices of consumer culture.Building on the existing literature examining the intersection of Jewish identity and consumer culture, this dissertation shows that in the typically homogenous suburbs Jews used the culture of consumption to create Jewish space. Like earlier immigrants who fashioned an American element in their personal identity through consumer culture, suburban Jews used the culture and process of consumption to enhance their individual and communal Jewish identities and to create a Jewish space in suburbia. Women, men, and children purchased goods and services that helped them construct their identity, not only by supplying the items necessary for religious celebration and observance, but also by assisting in their presentation of themselves as Jews. These purchases announced the consumers' membership in the group or, alternatively, separated them from the group. Moreover, the products and services needed on an individual level, such as kosher food or Jewish education, encouraged the creation of businesses and institutions that in turn helped create Jewish community. In other words, Jewish suburban migrants' engagement with consumer culture helped to create Jewish American space.Situated at the intersection of developing literatures in American Jewish history, suburbanization, and consumer culture, this study engages significant issues from each field, including the conflict between traditional Judaism and secular acculturation, the transformation of ethnic identity in the 1950s, and the gendered experience of the suburbs.Thesis (Ph.D.)--The American University, 2004.School code: 0008
The supply and distribution of food to the Lodz Ghetto: A case study in Nazi Jewish policy, 1939--1945.
No full textThis dissertation explores the German use of starvation as genocidal policy through a case study of the Lodz Ghetto. A detailed analysis of food supply and distribution in the Lodz Ghetto reveals that the Nazis, who ultimately controlled the amount of food that entered the ghetto, did not provide adequate sustenance to the Jews of the ghetto. Through the reduction of access to food, the Nazis perpetrated a slow genocide against the Jews of Europe. The Nazis were aware of the murderous effects of their food policies, and allowed those policies to continue resulting in the mass execution of the Jewish people in the ghettos. The basis for denial of sustenance adequate for survival was the low position of the Jews within the Nazi racial hierarchy. The mass starvation of the Jews of the ghetto, who were deemed by the Nazis to be "useless eaters," led to various coping methods, including a complex system of distributing what little food was allocated for the Jews in the ghetto. The various licit and illicit food entitlement schemas, however, that were manipulated by the German authorities ultimately failed to save the Jews from mass death from starvation. This dissertation examines Nazi and Jewish food entitlement, and the physical and mental effects of hunger and Nazi starvation policy on ghetto inhabitants. It concludes that although there might not have been an explicit order for mass extermination in the initial period of the ghetto, the result of Nazi food policy was a man-made famine leading to mass death, and thus it was de facto genocidal policy.Thesis (Ph.D.)--Brandeis University, 2004.School code: 0021
Messianic expectation and collective myth formation: Prophecy, society and imagination in early modern Portugal.
No full textThis thesis asserts that in the late-sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries in Portugal a new collective Portuguese myth formed and solidified in the imagination of much of the Portuguese population. It is a myth of a return or appearance of a new messiah(s) rather than the Christian messiah who brings forth to Portugal a new a better future world. Further, the present study argues that this myth became part and parcel of Portuguese culture up through the present day in myth, legend, identity, politics, and in the arts. The primary argument of this work stems from exhaustive research in the archives of the Inquisition and others in Portugal.The period discussed is characterized by an unpopular occupation by the Spanish throne (Habsburgs, 1580--1668) and the war to restore Portuguese independence (1640--1668). In such a time of chaos and unrest, a powerful and crucial hope arose for some kind of savior or messiah to bring back the popular perception of Portugal's greatness and destiny---the popular trope of the return to a Golden Age. Using Inquisition trials and other inquisitorial sources, however, the current work identifies and discusses several popular Portuguese prophets arrested and brought to trail as false prophets that defy traditional studies on early modern Portuguese messianic developments. The main thesis suggests a new paradigm for the idea of a messiah or return of a lost king from the imaginations of these prophets. Numerous sources are traced revealing a multi-faceted coming together of a uniquely Portuguese idea or myth. The present work deeply stresses the influence of Judaism and the remnants of Jewish beliefs in early modern Portugal, in addition to traditional and novel ideas such as the hidden island, the dual messiah, egalitarianism, and unique Portuguese twists, as playing a stronger role among the future-imaging population of Portugal. Thus, this unique myth of Portuguese messianic expectation is set apart from other traditional early modern European views of the world-to-come in addition to modern evaluations of the nature of the early modern Portuguese messianic experience.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Santa Barbara, 2004.School code: 0035
Briefwechsel zwischen Dr. Friedrich Kapp und Dr. Eduard Cohen : 1856-1884.
No full textFour boxed volumes of transcriptions of the correspondence between Eduard Cohen and Friedrich Kapp.Also included are transcripts by Guenther Roth of two letters from Friedrich Kapp, Berlin 1883.Eduard Cohen and Friedrich Kapp were friends from their student days in the 1840s and renewed their friendship in 1865, when this correspondence began. Kapp was on his way to become the leader of the German Republicans in New York, and Cohen was a well-reputed medical doctor in Hamburg with close connections to the business community. In 1870, Kapp returned to Germany and became the National Liberal's emigration law expert in the Reichstag and an intimate friend of Max Weber Senior and Junior. Cohen was Bismarck's personal physician in Friedrichsruh from 1879 unil 1883.The Cohen-Kapp correspondence, extending over more than a quarter century, provides a vivid illustration of the political and personal fortunes of a generation of German liberals.Originals are on deposit at the Bundesarchiv Koblen