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The incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in patients receiving voriconazole therapy for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis
Get PDFFrom Springer Nature via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: received 2020-02-28, registration 2020-07-20, accepted 2020-07-20, pub-electronic 2020-08-21, online 2020-08-21, pub-print 2020-11Publication status: PublishedFunder: University of ManchesterAbstract: Voriconazole has been associated with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) in transplant patients but less is known about the risk in less severely immunosuppressed patients. Our aim was to estimate the incidence of cSCC after voriconazole exposure in patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis on a background of chronic lung disease. The notes of patients seen at a tertiary referral centre from 2009 to 2019 with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis were reviewed for the diagnosis of cSCC and voriconazole use documented. Among 1111 patients, 668 (60.1%) received voriconazole for longer than 28 days. Twelve patients received a diagnosis of cSCC; nine had used voriconazole. Mean duration of voriconazole use was 36.7 months. The crude incidence rate was 4.88 in 1000 person/years in those who had voriconazole and 2.79 in 1000 patient/years in those who did not receive voriconazole for longer than 28 days. On Cox regression, age (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02–1.16, p = 0.01) and male gender (HR 3.97, 95% CI 0.84–18.90, p = 0.082) were associated with cSCC. Voriconazole use was associated with a slightly increased risk, which was not significant (HR 1.35, 95% CI 0.35–5.20, p = 0.659). Voriconazole use beyond 28 days did not lead to a significantly increased risk of cSCC in a large cohort of patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis
‘I call it the hero complex’ – Critical considerations of power and privilege and seeking to be an agent of change in qualitative researchers’ experiences.
Get PDFThis is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Qualitative Research in Psychology on 30/01/2020, available online: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14780887.2020.1718813.There is a relative paucity of studies specifically exploring the experiences of qualitative researchers undertaking research in socially sensitive areas or with marginalised groups. This paper reports some of the findings of a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews to explore the experiences of ten participant researchers. The findings of this study suggest that participant researchers are cognisant of issues of power and privilege in conducting their research. They also illustrate the motivation to enact change via the research findings. However, they demonstrate the complexities of power, privilege and change in the research process and how these concepts can be related to researcher guilt. The study shows that experience can act as a buffer in the qualitative research process but that further work in researcher resilience is required. Participant researchers suggest the need for more honest and open discussions around foundational principles of qualitative research. They suggest further development of cross institutional spaces for these discussions to take place. However, the paper also illustrates the necessity to consider issues of power, privilege and research as social change at individual, institutional and systemic levels
Cognitive load theory and teacher expertise: Specific challenges for primary teachers
Get PDFThe article deconstructs cognitive load theory and is associated knowledge demands of primary teachers. Knowledge structures of expert teachers are compared with those of novices. CLT is used as a lens through which to consider the demands of learning to teach in the primary phase. Recommendations are suggested for professional development activities that promote the building of schemata to promote a higher degree of automaticity around key pedagogical thinking and action
Examining the relationship between autism traits and sleep duration as predictors of suicidality
Get PDFThis is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04405-7Short sleep duration is a known risk factor for suicidality in the general population, yet it is unclear how short sleep interacts with autism traits in predicting suicidality. In this cross-sectional online study, a general population sample (N = 650) completed measures assessing autism traits, suicidal ideation, and sleep duration. Moderated hierarchical regressions demonstrated that higher autism traits and shorter sleep were independent predictors of increased suicide ideation. However, sleep duration did not significantly moderate the autism trait to suicide ideation relationship. Future work should explore this relationship longitudinally using objective measures before intervention work to increase sleep duration in those with elevated autism traits be consider
Energy Harvesting behaviour for Aircraft Composites Structures using Macro-Fibre Composite: Part I–Integration and Experiment
No full textThis paper investigates new ways to integrate piezoelectric energy harvesting elements onto carbon-fibre composite structures, using a new bonding technique with a vacuum bag system and co-curing process, for fabrication onto airframe structures. Dynamic mechanical vibration tests were performed to characterise the energy harvested by the various integration methods across a range of different vibration frequencies and applied mechanical input loadings. An analytical model was also introduced to predict the power harvested under the mechanical vibrations as a benchmark to evaluate the proposed methods. The developed co-curing showed a high efficiency for energy harvesting at a range of low frequencies, where the co-curing method offered a maximum improvement of 14.3% compared to the mechanical bonding approach at a frequency of 10 Hz. Furthermore, co-curing exhibited potential at high frequency by performing the sweep test between frequencies of 1 and 100 Hz. Therefore, this research work offers potential integration technology for energy harvesting in complicated airframe structures in aerospace applications, to obtain the power required for environmental or structural health monitoring
Enhancement in Interfacial Adhesion of Ti/Polyetheretherketone by Electrophoretic Deposition of Graphene Oxide
Get PDFThis is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Pan, L., Lv, Y., Nipon, R., Wang, Y., Duan, L., Hu, J., ... & Shi, Y. (2019). Enhancement in Interfacial Adhesion of Ti/Polyetheretherketone by Electrophoretic Deposition of Graphene Oxide. Polymer Composites, 40(S2), E1243-E1251, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.24955. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.This article discusses about the significance of graphene oxide (GO) deposition on the surface of a titanium plate by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method to improve the adhesive strength of Ti/polyetheretherketone (PEEK) interfacial adhesive. Firstly, the anodic EPD method was applied to a water dispersion solution of GO, and then the morphology and the properties of titanium plate surface were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurements before and after GO deposition. Furthermore, the changes in the properties of GO after heating at 390°C were characterized by Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. According to the results of single lap tensile shear test, the adhesion strength of Ti/PEEK interface after the anodization and deposition of GO was 34.94 MPa, an increase of 29.2% compared with 27.04 MPa of sample with only anodization. Also, the adhesion strengths were 58.1 and 76.5% higher compared with the samples of only GO deposited (22.1 MPa) and pure titanium (19.8 MPa), respectively
The Impact of Sensitive Research on the Researcher: Preparedness and Positionality
Get PDFThere is currently limited research exploring the impact of undertaking sensitive or challenging research on the researcher, although some textbooks explore researcher preparedness. This article presents a discussion of the findings from a research project which engaged with the seldom heard voices of researchers themselves. The aim was to explore researchers’ experiences of undertaking research on sensitive topics, or with marginalized groups, as this can expose researchers to emotionally disturbing situations throughout data collection and analysis, which can be psychologically challenging. Although ethical codes of practice include discussion around protection of both the researcher and the participant, in practice, the ethics approval process rarely considers the impact of the proposed research on the researcher. Their experiences are therefore seldom acknowledged or heard, resulting in potential distress for the researcher. Semi- structured interviews were undertaken with social science researchers from a range of discipline backgrounds and at different points in their research careers (n = 10). This article explores two themes emerging from the data: preparedness and positionality. It considers what these themes mean in terms of supporting researchers who encounter challenging research data, and issues related to supporting researcher reflexivity and the requirements for institutional support offered to researchers will also be considered
Stories Of The Past: Viewing History Through Fiction
Get PDFThis thesis investigates how effective works of fiction are, through their depictions
of past worlds, in providing us with a resource for the study of the history of the
period in which that fiction is set. It assesses past academic literature on the role of
fiction in historical understanding, and on the processes involved in the writing,
reading, adapting, and interpreting of fiction. It contends that the creation and
consumption of fiction has not been looked at in a holistic way in terms of an overall
process that takes us from author to consumer with all of the potential intermediate
steps. The thesis proposes and describes such a process model, each step within
which contains a number of key elements, namely actors, actions, influences,
artefacts, and finally the real and imagined worlds of the fiction. It begins with the
author, who through actions of perception and adaptation, and affected by various
external influences, social, political, and aesthetic, mediates with elements of his or
her contemporary world and incorporates them into the imagined world of the initial
artefact, the novel. It describes how at each stage in the process other actors (critics,
adapters and curators) engage with previous artefacts such as the novel and previous
adaptations, and their own set of influences, and through actions of reception,
adaptation and interpretation create further artefacts such as critical reviews,
adaptations and tourist interpretations that comprise further imagined worlds that can
be compared to the author’s original imagined world, and by extension, the original
past world. Using a number of case studies of English novels of the period from
1800 to 1930, the thesis assesses what the practical evidence of the process in action
tells us about the ability of a novel to act as an adjunct to contemporary records in
providing insights into that original real world. These studies incorporate analysis of
the novels themselves, and of subsequent artefacts such as film and television
adaptations, curated literary places and guidebooks, and both professional and lay
reviews. The thesis concludes that fiction in its various forms, and especially in its
adapted and interpreted forms, whilst not a pure historical document as such, has the
ability to provide us with a vivid perception of a past world. It contends that the
process model could be used as an aid in the teaching of History or English
Literature, or as an aid to the general consumer of fiction, to help remove the layers
of imagined worlds that potentially lie between us and a past historical world,
thereby reducing the ability of that layering to create a misleading view of history
Talent management and the HR function in cross-cultural mergers and acquisitions: The role and impact of bi-cultural identity
Get PDFThis paper examines bi-cultural talent in relation to human resource management (HRM) practices in cross-cultural merger and acquisitions (M&A). The intersection of HRM, bi-cultural talent management and cross-cultural M&A literature proposes a conceptual framework to capture the complexity of bi-cultural talent management and reveals the dominant macro-characterization of the extant HRM literature focussing on a more micro-orientated perspective. The paper develops a matrix by underlining spatial dimensions (spanning micro-aspects of the individual employee through to the macro-entity of firm and its location in the macro-national cultural context) and temporal dimensions (consisting of pre-merger, during merger and post-merger phases). This provides a template which examines the multi-level dynamics of bi-cultural talent management. The argument identifies ways in which extant cross-cultural lenses require deeper understanding of bi-cultural talent management in M&A settings. Future research directions and agendas are identified
A phenomenological exploration of nursing students’ experience of raising a care concern in clinical practice
Get PDFUK pre-registration healthcare students are expected to raise a care concern about
unsafe situations whilst in clinical practice. The UK’s NHS is in the midst of a
change to an open, honest and transparent culture which responds to a
professional’s concern about patient care, to improve safety and prevent harm.
Central to this change is improving the experience of registered healthcare
professionals whose decision to raise a care concern is influenced by the
organisational culture; this can create a difficult moral choice. The experience of
nursing students who decide to raise a care concern has received little attention,
and this study sought to explore this under-researched area.
A literature review was undertaken which identified that the experience of nursing
students who had raised a care concern had not been previously examined. To
guide this study, Clarke Moustakas’ (1994) transcendental phenomenological
methodology was used to explore nursing students’ lived experience of raising a
care concern. Ten nursing students with experience of raising a care concern in
clinical practice voluntarily participated in the study. Open interviews conducted
between December 2016 and October 2017 were audio recorded and transcribed,
exposing individual narratives of raising a care concern in clinical practice. The
transcripts were analysed to produce a composite description which summarises
nursing students’ lived experience, reflecting four themes or essences: 1) patient
centred concern; 2) deciding how to act; 3) having emotional strength; and 4)
feedback and support. These typify what it is like for nursing students to raise a care
concern whilst in clinical practice.
The findings were critically examined and suggest that compassion may motivate
nursing students to act when faced with an unsafe situation, seeking to stop patient
harm and suffering. Recognising this moral motivation, students described the
relevance of emotional strength when dealing with the emotionally complex
experience of facing difficult situations, with feedback and support providing comfort
plus moral and emotional satisfaction.
This study also explores the implications for professional practice, specifically the
impact upon future teaching and learning approaches to facilitate nursing students’
ability to detect and act upon unsafe situations; providing listening opportunities to
support students in clinical practice; and valuing nursing students who raise a care
concern as role models and local clinical leaders. Recommendations include a new
national campaign to improve the likelihood of nursing students raising care
concerns and updating UK professional guidance
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