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Estimating the changes in the built-up area and land use development index of Minna, Nigeria
Get PDFThis is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in African Geographical Review on 09/02/2023, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/19376812.2023.2176332This study estimates the spatial changes in Minna’s built-up areas. For change detection and urban growth analysis, the topographical map of Minna in 1972, the township map for 1979, and the satellite imageries covering 1986, 1996, 2006, and 2015 were all employed. These maps were georeferenced using ArcGIS 10.3 . The study reveals as follows: 1972 (468.3 hectares); 1979 (893.7 hectares); 1986 (4,579.8 hectares); 1996 (5,205.4.5 hectares); 2006 (8,505.1 hectares); and 2015 (19,777.2 hectares). The land consumption rates were estimated as 0.0084, 0.0117, 0.0356, 0.0215, 0.0204, and 0.0273, respectively. We conclude that strategies birthed by systematic planning conclusions must guide cities.Unfunde
Physiological, perceptual and neuromuscular responses of team sport athletes to short duration high intensity interval training using cycling
Get PDFCopyright © 2025, The Author(s).The version of record of this article, first published in [European Journal of Applied Physiology], is available online at Publisher’s website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-025-05803-4Purpose: To examine the acute physiological, perceptual and neuromuscular responses of team sport athletes to two volume-matched cycling high intensity interval training (HIIT) sessions with short work bouts ( 90% V˙O2 max during the HIIT was higher for 15 s compared to 30 s HIIT (p = 0.0257). Heart rate remained the same between trials (p = 0.805) as did oxygen pulse (p = 0.1161). B[La] was lower in 15 s compared to 30 s HIIT (p = 0.0257). Differences in dRPE-L (p = 0.0495), dRPE-B (p = 0.0495) and dRPE-O (p = 0.1837) suggested lower perceived exertion in 15 s compared to 30 s HIIT. Maximal isometric knee extension force revealed a greater reduction after 30 s HIIT (p = 0.0495). Conclusion: Team sport athletes using short duration cycling-based HIIT should use 15 s work intervals to elicit greater time working near V˙O2 max at a lower perceived exertion and with smaller reductions in peak muscle force after exercise.Unfunde
Inter-player data for the prediction of emotional intensity in a multiplayer game
Get PDF© 2025 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.This work assesses the feasibility of predicting emotional intensities for a given player in a testbed multiplayer game, using facial expression data collected from other players in the multiplayer group. Whilst there is significant literature on the utilisation of affect detection to build models of player experience, little research considers the additional data provided from other players in a multiplayer setting, despite the inherently shared experiences that they provide. A dataset describing 24 participants is collected, detailing ten levels of a testbed game, Colour Rush, with data collected describing facial expression activity and responses to the Discrete Emotions Questionnaire. The viability of modelling uncaptured player experiences is tested using artificial neural networks trained on facial expression data from target players, non-target players and a combination of both. Findings indicate that multiplayer data can be beneficial in the prediction of a target player’s emotional responses, although this holds true only in a minority of cases, and for specific groups of players.N/AAuthor supplied a copy of the AAM 29/08/2025. VoR removed and replaced with the AAM 29/08/2025
The Dandy in the pink waistcoat: Charlotte Brontë’s ‘Journal of a Frenchman’
Get PDF© 2025 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.This essay considers Charlotte Brontë’s serialised ‘Journal of a Frenchman’ in her ‘Young Men’s Magazine’. It discusses the representation of Parisian life, showing how this missing fragment fits into the series and the wider context of Charlotte’s engagement with the French language and Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, the latter providing the inspiration for many aspects of the Frenchman’s account of his life.Unfunde
Assessing stroke survivors’ knowledge: A scoping review of tools and influencing factors
Get PDF© Crown 2025. Open Access.Background: Stroke survivors’ knowledge of their condition is essential for self-management and adherence to secondary prevention strategies. However, current methods for assessing stroke knowledge are not consistent. This scoping review aimed to review existing assessment tools, evaluate their characteristics, and identify factors associated with stroke knowledge to inform the development of more effective, patient-centred educational strategies. Review design and methods: A scoping review was conducted to evaluate existing methods used to assess stroke knowledge and the factors influencing patients’ knowledge among stroke survivors. Systematic searches of PubMed, Cochrane, and CINAHL were performed from inception to June 2025. Studies assessing stroke survivors’ knowledge were included. Data were extracted on tool characteristics, assessed themes, administration methods, readability, validation, and knowledge-associated factors. Findings were qualitatively synthesised. Results: Thirty-nine studies were included. Most studies assessed mixed cohorts of ischaemic, haemorrhagic, and TIAs. Stroke symptoms and risk factors were the most frequently assessed themes, while rehabilitation, medications, and lifestyle behaviours were less explored. Tools were primarily self-administered questionnaires, typically completed in under 15 min, but often lacked standardised cut-off values and demonstrated limited reporting of development processes. Factors positively associated with knowledge included higher education, younger age, and healthier lifestyles. Conclusion: Existing assessments of stroke survivors’ knowledge have considerable variability, limited validation, and inconsistent alignment with survivors’ information needs. Developing standardised, validated, and patient-centred assessment tools that are tailored to stroke type and accessible across literacy levels is essential for advancing stroke education and supporting long-term recovery. These findings can inform policymakers in tailoring education efforts and designing interventions that directly address knowledge gaps across diverse stroke survivor populations. Future research should prioritise longitudinal evaluation of knowledge and its impact on clinical outcomes.Unfunde
The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Interest Groups, Lobbying and Public Affairs
No full textCrowdfunding is the approach fundraisers take to raise funding for a project, venture, or personal
needs, from a crowd of people, or known as investors, backers, or supporters based on characteristics of different crowdfunding models, essentially through the Internet. Crowdfunding is considered as an alternative finance option
for different purposes of businesses (e.g., new venture creation, business growth, and exit), individuals (e.g., life events and challenging circumstances), local communities (e.g., saving a local pub), and public sector. This entry will have a
brief look at the history and trend of the different crowdfunding models, as well as their relationship
with entrepreneurs and the public sector.unfunde
The Sage handbook of political marketing
No full textThis edited book is not available on ChesterRepThe Sage Handbook of Political Marketing is a comprehensive resource that introduces the theory and practice of political marketing in a global, yet simultaneously localized, world. The practice of political marketing has evolved significantly during the 20th and 21st centuries, adapting to the rise of mass media, marketing communication, advertising, and the web. Traditionally dominated by US, European, and Australasian scholars, the field has up-to-now emphasized the Americanisation and professionalisation of campaigning styles.
Since the start of the new millennium, however, political marketing has transformed into a data-driven, specialized profession. With increasing digitalisation and the advent of AI, political marketing involves personally targeted, evidence-based messaging with real-time engagement and sentiment analysis. This approach is not limited to democratic regimes but is also widely adopted by authoritarian states worldwide.
The handbook addresses the global perspectives on political marketing, covering a myriad of contexts, cultures, and regimes. It encompasses insights into political marketing in regions seldom discussed in the literature, including Zimbabwe, Japan, India, Hong Kong, and Ukraine. These chapters enrich the debate on political marketing’s impact on democracies and its use in non-democratic societies.
Organized into four parts, the handbook covers strategy, propaganda, digital evolution, ideology, and contemporary practices in political marketing. It explores topics such as the marketing of ideology, the impact of the internet and social media, the use of AI in political marketing, and the role of fake news and disinformation in campaigns. The handbook addresses the use of political marketing techniques in crisis management, political branding, the measurement of political marketing effects, and political marketing use outside of electoral campaigns.
The Sage Handbook of Political Marketing is an essential resource for scholars, practitioners, students, and politicos in general, seeking to understand the complexities of political marketing. It provides a comprehensive and nuanced exploration of the field, equipping readers to engage with the theoretical and practical aspects of political marketing in a rapidly changing world.
Part 1: Strategy in Political Marketing: Orthodox and Occidental Perspectives
Part 2: Political Marketing, Propaganda, and Digital Evolution: Global South and Eastern European Perspectives
Part 3: Ideology in Political Marketing: Advocacy, Movements, Lobbying, and Public Diplomacy
Part 4: Contemporary Political Marketing: Cybercampaigning, Fake News and Social Mediaunfunde
Global fan activism in sports: Digital collective action and the case of #EmptyOldTrafford
Get PDFThis author accepted manuscript is deposited under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC) licence. This means that anyone may distribute, adapt, and build upon the work for non-commercial purposes, subject to full attribution. If you wish to use this manuscript for commercial purposes, please contact [email protected] a time of growing consumer activism facilitated by digital communications, the phenomenon of collective action increasingly confronts sports clubs. This study examines an episode involving fans of a globally recognized football club (Manchester United) who were able make the hashtag #EmptyOldTrafford trend globally in protest towards the club’s ownership at the time.N/
Building a bridge over turbulent waters: an equality impact assessment co-production approach to developing an environmental justice framework for the UK and beyond
Get PDF© The Author(s) 2025.There is increasing recognition that the environmental crisis places disproportionate burdens on already marginalised communities. It is also increasingly clear that environmental sustainability policies can increase inequality if not accompanied by broader policy measures to address inequalities. To seek to address these environmental inequalities, it is vital that the communities most impacted are at the centre of providing just environmental solutions that don’t further disadvantage them. Thinking beyond the silos of disciplines and creating better nexus between inclusive approaches, equality legislation and the environment is key to addressing climate injustice and environmental inequalities. This paper details findings of research underpinned by an innovative interdisciplinary approach undertaken by the authors in 2023. This distinctive approach has provided an evidence base to develop a novel co-produced Environmental Justice Framework for the public and private sector across a sub-region of the UK. Underpinned by existing theory and practice around equality impact assessments (within the UK context), environmental justice and co-production principles, the authors present a Framework which encourages a new interdisciplinary justice centred approach to environmental sustainability decision making. It is argued that this approach (which encourages context based application) could be usefully developed to provide a globally accessible framework for environmental justice.Funder: University of Chester; FundRef: https://doi.org/10.13039/100010333Article published Gold OA via TA funding. AAM removed and archived and replaced with VoR 18/06/202
An efficient reduced-order approximation for the stochastic Allen-Cahn equation
Get PDF© 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.In this paper, we propose and analyze an efficient numerical method for solving the stochastic Allen-Cahn equation with additive noise. The method combines a stabilized semi-implicit time discretization scheme with a reduced-order finite element spatial discretization method. The core idea is to approximate the original high-dimensional solution space via a low-dimensional subspace, constructed by the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) method based on an ensemble of snapshots from the full-order model at selected time instances. First, we rigorously establish the spatio-temporal strong convergence rates between the mild solution and the reduced-order solution. Second, in large-sample simulations, the reduced-order basis exhibits a certain generalization capability in capturing the average behavior of the numerical solutions. Numerical experiments are provided to verify the theoretical error estimates and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.This research was partially supported by the China Scholarship Council and the Research Fund of Jianghan University (Grant No. 2024JCYJ04).AAM removed and archived and VoR uploaded to ChesterRep 09/12/202
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