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Opportunistic optimization of inhaler technique in hospitalized adults with asthma: a two-phase educational study
Get PDFTo investigate effectiveness of two different educational methods to improve inhaler techniques in patients with prior diagnosis of asthma, hospitalized with a non-asthma-related diagnosis.
Methods
We undertook a real-world, opportunistic quality-improvement project. Inhaler technique in hospitalized patients with prior diagnosis of asthma was assessed in two cohorts over two 12-week cycles using a standardized device-specific proforma of seven-step inhaler technique, classed: “good” if 6/7 steps achieved; “fair” if 5/7 compliant; “poor” for others. Baseline data was collected in both cycles. Cycle one involved face-to-face education by a healthcare professional; cycle two involved additional use of an electronic device to show device-specific videos (asthma.org.uk). In both cycles, patients were reassessed within two days for improvements and the two methods compared for effectiveness.
Results
During cycle one 32/40 patients were reassessed within 48 h; eight lost to follow-up. During cycle two 38/40 patients were reassessed within 48 h; two lost to follow-up During cycle one, two and 12 had good/fair baseline technique respectively, and 26 poor. Most commonly missed steps were no expiry check/not rinsing mouth after steroid use. On reassessment 17% patients improved from poor to fair/good. During cycle two, initial technique assessment identified: 23 poor; 12 fair; five good. Post-videos, 35% of patients improved from poor to fair/good. Proportion of patients improving from poor to fair, or poor/fair to good increased in cycle two vs one (52.5% vs 33%).
Conclusion
Visual instruction is associated with improved technique compared to verbal feedback. This is a user-friendly and cost-effective approach to patient education
It’s about inspiring the greater community to continue supporting this sector: Elite sport success as a main policy objective for disability sport promotion in ASEAN member states
Get PDFThis is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics on 27/08/2023, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2023.2236635Promoting sport participation among people with disabilities is often counted as one of the policy priorities of the national government as well as a main activity of sport for development initiatives to aid the Global South. However, little is known about specific systems, policy, history, and plans for disability sport promotion understood by disability sport administrators in the Global South. The current study focused on the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and aimed to explore how ASEAN government officials perceive the status of sport for people with disabilities. Representatives from nine ASEAN member countries participated in individual semi-structured interviews. The results of thematic analysis generated three themes: (1) Perceived lack of disability awareness and disability sport recognition; (2) Elite sport successes address problems at hand; and (3) Elite sport success to motivate funders. These themes suggest that successes in elite sports are of central importance for sport promotion among people with disabilities in ASEAN countries because they perceive that elite sport success can raise disability awareness, popularise disability sport, and motivate funders. Also, Paralympic success is viewed as an opportunity for them to demonstrate success otherwise unattainable in the Olympics. Some of the participants’ accounts appear to go against the current knowledge generated in the Global North; however, as funding is important to develop disability sport administration, it might be inevitable for them to continue promoting elite sport success for now.Funder: Japan Sports Agenc
Perceptions of volcanic air pollution and exposure reduction practices on the Island of Hawai‘i: Working towards socially relevant risk communication
Get PDFKīlauea volcano, on the Island of Hawai‘i, is one of the most active volcanoes in the world. Over the past four decades it has released large amounts of volcanic gases and aerosols which form volcanic air pollution known as ‘vog’. Communities downwind of Kīlauea have been chronically or episodically exposed to this potentially harmful air pollution and have raised concerns about the hazards of vog exposure. Public health and civil protection agencies have offered a range of advice, information, and mitigation strategies for living with vog. In this mixed-methods social study, we investigate the translation of official advice into practice in Island of Hawai‘i communities and assess how risk communication could be improved by considering public input, preferences, and community relevance. Given the paucity of information on the long-term effects of chronic vog exposure, assessing the effectiveness of public health and risk communication is vital.
In 2015, through questionnaire surveys (n = 143), four focus groups and several stakeholder meetings, we assessed whether, and how, residents accessed intervention advice, if it was relevant and useful, how they acted on it and how they would like to receive advice and urgent exposure warnings in the future. We also investigated local knowledge and self-developed interventions and documented the perceived risks of vog exposure, including symptoms that people attribute to vog.
Most participants (83%) perceived that vog caused health symptoms such as exacerbation of asthma, itchy eyes, and blocked nose and 62% thought it was harmful to their long-term health. A third of participants had considered relocating to avoid the vog yet, despite this, most people took no action to reduce vog exposure. Participants reported that the official advice was difficult to follow given their living situation or lifestyle. Some participants viewed the agency advice as inconsistent, irrelevant, or out of date. Participants preferred to receive advice and air quality alerts via a variety of media, depending on factors such as their access to internet, cell phone, and radio reception.
The study findings led to a collaboration with federal and state health, land management, educational, science, and civil protection agencies to improve and standardize health advisory messaging, to make it more relevant to Island of Hawai‘i communities and environment. New printable and web-based communication products were developed, which included local knowledge of effective protective actions/symptom reduction strategies. An interagency ‘Vog Dashboard’ was also introduced to consolidate vog knowledge, including sources of air quality data, vog forecasts, and advice on vog environmental, agricultural, and health impacts. This dashboard was recommended as a primary site for advice by international media outlets in 2018 and was heavily used during the 2018 Kīlauea and 2022 Mauna Loa eruption crises
Communities of practice for contemporary leadership development and knowledge exchange through work-based learning
Get PDFThis is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Journal of Education and Work on 06/09/2023, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/13639080.2023.2255149This study explores the experiences of leaders who have led organisations and teams through an extended period of crisis management whilst completing a UK work-based master’s programme. The paper examines contemporary approaches to work-based learning and explores the effect of organisational and workforce demands in a volatile era of global economic uncertainty. Theoretical and conceptual foundations relating to experiential learning, digital education and communities of learning are analysed and discussed. Taking an inductive qualitative approach, the study analyses semi-structured questionnaire data from senior leaders. The widespread adoption of technology exposes challenges to facilitation and the academic-employer interface, impacting upon learning communities and knowledge exchange opportunities. The findings also suggest enhanced leaders’ adaptive traits, including confidence and self-reliance. The study illuminates critical issues associated with contemporary work-based learning, specifically relating to prolonged macro uncertainty and the effect upon workplaces as sites of knowledge and learning, and risks to dynamic relationships between the psychosocial work environment, genuine opportunities to learn and learner well-being. This work seeks to inform the design of future programmes, specifically in terms developing inter and intra-organisational communities of learning and knowledge exchange to enhance best practice and inculcate crucial leadership skills
Transitional support interventions for care leavers: A scoping review
Get PDFThe purpose of this scoping review was to identify and map knowledge on different types of transitional support interventions currently available to support transition to independent living for care leavers. An extensive search using four research databases was undertaken, resulting in 36 relevant articles for inclusion. Findings were organised thematically into four broad areas: (1) Extended care; (2) A Helping Relationship; (3) Family; and (4) Employment, Education and Training. Findings show that offering a combination of targeted interventions can contribute to a more successful transition. Effective relationship‐based practices are critical to the success of transitional support interventions
The symbol carving process as a mnemonic manipulator of ‘deep’ genealogy in early medieval Scotland
Get PDFThis is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Archaeological Journal on 16/11/2023, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/00665983.2023.2263923Scotland’s corpus of early medieval carved stone monuments is a rich dataset for explorations of cultural connections, power and ideology. This article explores how meaning and significance might be interpreted from the reuse of prehistoric stone monuments in the Pictish period via close examination of the materiality, landscape and transformation processes of one case study from Nether Corskie, Aberdeenshire. Technologies of transformation of the existing stone are considered and contextualized as evidence of contemporary concerns and manipulations of concepts and memories of genealogy, ancestry and place
A review of family support provision in three Sure Start local programmes in Halton
Get PDFCopyright © Centre for Public Health Research, University of ChesterFamily support services have existed in the UK for a long time. However, a number of initiatives have sprung up in recent years that focus on the prevention and amelioration of problems and life stressors in order to avoid difficulties becoming entrenched, irreversible problems. Among them is Sure Start. Sure Start aims to support the life chances of children and break the cycle of deprivation through early, preventative intervention. In addition to health and early education projects, family support services are an integral part of Sure Start local programmes.
This study reviews the different types of family support services that are provided by the three Sure Start local programmes that are funded by Halton Borough Council: Widnes Trailblazer, Sure Start New Steps, and Sure Start Seals
Establishing a guidance toolkit for assessment of proficiencies in students
Get PDFThis document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in [British Journal of Nursing], copyright © MA Education, after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see [https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/full/10.12968/bjon.2023.32.18.864].Our development of the GAP toolkit sought to enhance quality practice learning experiences across the pre-registration learning journey, with an intent that the toolkit would help mitigate student concerns around meeting the requirements in the NMC annexes. This toolkit outlines roles and responsibilities, alongside listing the requirements for student supervision, and providing the documentation of learning and experience, particularly in regard to the more challenging proficiencies
Women’s Football Subculture of Misogyny: The Escalation to Online Gender-Based Violence
Get PDFResearch question: Given the worldwide growth of women’s football and its presence on social media, it is essential to explore and understand fan attitudes and culture.
Research methods: This article provides the first empirical social media netnography focusing on English women’s football teams (Manchester United and Burnley) and international fan views towards women professional players on TikTok. We extend this discussion by utilising a netnography in which researchers immersed themselves for seven months in women’s football groups on TikTok to gather and analyse new qualitative data in this context.
Results and Findings: We identify the escalation of gender-based violence on social media against women players. Four key themes emerged from the netnography: 1. Sexism: the place of women in football; 2. Misogyny and hatred of women; 3. Sexualisation of women; 4. Demand for a male-only space. Sexist comments were apparent in all the TikTok posts containing female football players, with some also containing more aggressive misogynistic comments. Other dominant comments sought to reduce women to objects of sexual desire and belittle their professional skills, whereas others were appalled at the presence of female players on the clubs’ official accounts, demanding them to be a male-only space.
Implications: The study contributes to the understanding of online fan cultures on complex, video-based platforms such as TikTok. Through literature review and netnography, we identified a problem for football clubs on social media of longstanding, problematic issues of toxic fan comments
Wellbeing and engagement in hybrid work environments - Coaching as a resource and skill for leaders to develop
Get PDFThis paper explores how working from home has impacted leaders and the workforce in corporate environments during the pandemic, how these experiences might influence the workplace of the future, and what role coaching could play to foster skill development in the 21st century workplace. Before the pandemic, plenty of research had already been done on what factors influence well-being and engagement in the workplace. Models explaining the elements of well-being and engagement, as well as, tools to measure their existence or the lack of have been reviewed, tested, and validated. We know little at this point about what combinations of factors caused the decline in well-being and engagement during the pandemic, and what skills in leaders, or requirements for the workplace would be necessary to hone and implement, to improve the situation of well-being and engagement in future work environments. This paper explores how coaching could support leaders in the 21st century workplace. The business world is facing challenges while moving into post-pandemic workplace scenarios. The plurality of interests increases the complexity of the topic. The literature on well-being and engagement has been reviewed. Data that was collected during the pandemic by different organisations and conclusions drawn from these were compared with what the literature says and it was combined with experiences the author made in the field while coaching leaders and their teams in corporate environments during the pandemic. This paper concludes with a recommendation on how to enhance coaching skills among leaders and to build their knowledge and literacy in the field of coaching, to result in positive effects on workplace well-being and engagement in contemporary work environments
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