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An international systematic review concerning the effect of social media exposure on public compliance with infection prevention and control measures during the COVID-19 pandemic
Get PDFThis document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a published work that appeared in final form in [Journal of Infection Prevention]. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1177/17571774231159574.Background Effective health communication is crucial for achieving positive population health outcomes. This is important for infection prevention and control (IPC), which relies on widespread public compliance to be effective. Whilst social media (SM) platforms disseminate health information, there is conflicting evidence to suggest their influence on compliance with public health guidelines. Objective To appraise the available evidence and determine the extent to which social media exposure contributes to public compliance with IPC measures. Methods A systematic protocol based on the MOOSE and PRISMA guidelines was followed. Observational studies were identified through systematic searches of four electronic databases and a hand search. Following data extraction, eligible studies were quality assessed, and the findings were integrated using narrative synthesis. Findings 15 studies were included. The studies located presented heterogeneous designs and findings. A weak positive association was identified, with 60% of the studies observing a positive association between social media and compliance with IPC measures. 26.7% identified a negative correlation, and 13.3% identified no correlation. Several factors were identified to mediate the relationship, including knowledge and conspiracy beliefs. Discussion This systematic review identified a weak positive correlation between exposure to social media and public compliance with recommended IPC measures, suggesting that social media should be utilised in future IPC related communication strategies. Social media provides a cost-effective, publicly accessible platform to disseminate accurate information, and neutralise misinformation. Recommendations are made for further research to reduce the uncertainty created by the identification of heterogenous studies
Talking the talk: Dialogic Mentoring in Physical Education
Get PDFThis is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance on 17/05/2023, available online: doiThe core aim of physical education initial teacher training in England is to prepare associate teachers to become creative, inspiring, and highly skilled practitioners who will contribute to the teaching and development of the subject. School-based mentors play a critical role in this process, and an appreciation of their impact has raised the importance of understanding the nuanced way they work with associate teachers in school. This paper uses the framework of monologic and dialogic mentoring to identify and analyze effective mentoring practices. More specifically, it summarises some of the main findings of five research papers that the authors have written about mentoring and draws attention to the processes that are more likely to improve outcomes for associate teachers as they begin their careers in physical education
COVID-19: Changing fields of social work practice with children and young people
Get PDFThis is a post-peer-review, pre-copy edited version of an article published in [Critical and Radical Social Work]. The definitive publisher-authenticated version [Dillon, J., Evans, F., & Wroe, L. E. (2021). COVID-19: changing fields of social work practice with children and young people. Critical and Radical Social Work, 9(2), 289–296] is available online at: https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/view/journals/crsw/9/2/article-p289.xmlDrawing on the theoretical work of Wacquant, Bourdieu and Foucault, we interrogate how the COVID-19 pandemic has weaponised child and family social work practices through reinvigorated mechanisms of discipline and surveillance. We explore how social workers are caught in the struggle between enforcement and relational welfare support. We consider how the illusio of social work obscures power dynamics impacting children, young people and families caught in child welfare systems, disproportionately affecting classed and racialised individuals.This is not OA - author deposited the VoR but this should have been embargoed. AAM sourced 16/05/2025 and uploaded to CR. VoR removed 16/05/202
Liminal consumption within Nigerian wedding rituals: The interplay between bridal identity and liminal gatekeepers
Get PDFFagbola, L., Raftopoulou, C., & McEachern, M., Liminal consumption within Nigerian wedding rituals: The interplay between bridal identity and liminal gatekeepers, Marketing Theory (Journal Volume Number 23 and Issue Number 3) 437–462. Copyright © [2023] (The Authors). Reprinted by permission of SAGE Publications.This article combines the theoretical lenses of bridal identity and liminal consumption to illustrate the processes of problem-solving, negotiation and reconciliation through which the bride creates her bridal identity, in the Global South context of Nigeria. Most wedding ritual studies typically emphasise the processes of creating and negotiating a successful bridal identity, but few acknowledge the possibilities of failure and its effect upon the liminars. In addition, within liminal consumption studies, the role of liminars’ mentors is often under-theorised. Thus, we contribute to the field by expanding on the concept of ‘liminal gatekeepers’ as the individuals and institutions who control and enforce certain norms associated with the liminal experience. Following an interpretivist approach, the article also advances our understanding of the ways in which the demands of liminal gatekeepers affect the liminars’ experiences and identifies three novel bridal identity outcomes, namely: i) Embedded Bridal Identity; ii) Synthesised Bridal Identity; and iii) Marginalisation. In this way, we advance marketing research around how a liminal consumer identity such as bridal identity is co-constructed between liminars and gatekeepers
Discussing the case for use of Practically Assessed Structured Scenarios (PASS) as a mode of assessment in physical education teacher education and sport coaching courses
Get PDFThis is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance on 21/08/2023, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2023.2221722Historically, written assessments in the form of essays, unit outlines, question-response examinations and observation reports, and oral assessments in the form of group presentations, individual vivas, and round-table discussions have been used to assess pre-service physical education students’ and sport coaching students’ teaching and coaching knowledge (Capel, Hayes, Katene & Velija, 2009; Semiz & Ince, 2012). Yet, at a time when the call for more practice-based teacher education is getting louder (Ward, Higginson & Cho, 2020), we believe further consideration should be given to the authenticity of assessment modes being used to develop and determine pre-service PE students’ and sport coaching students’ understanding of the students they teach, the learning environments they are responsible for, and the pedagogical choices they are making. One particular mode of assessment that could be considered is Practically Assessed Structured Scenarios (PASS). This predominantly spoken word mode of assessment is similar to Objective Structured Clinical Examinations used in medical and veterinary education (Kirton & Kravitz, 2011) in that it utilizes practical scenarios to test practical knowledge. This article presents comments from a four-way professional conversation conducted by university educators from four different countries who discussed the suitability and/or implementation of PASS as a mode of assessment within physical education teacher education (PETE) and sport coaching education programs. Thus, the purpose of this article is to introduce and develop readers’ understanding of PASS and provide access to university educators’ views on the benefits and challenges of PASS implementation. Furthermore, it is intended that discussion within the article stimulates debate amongst teacher educators on the range of assessments currently offered within PETE and sport coaching programs around the world
The Empirical Nexus between Data-Driven Decision-Making and Productivity: Evidence from Pakistan’s Banking Sector
Get PDFThe effective use of digital technologies to create business value has generated enormous data, and using data in decision-making is vital. Although there is growing empirical evidence in favour of a positive association between informed decision-making and firm performance in developed countries, there is little to no evidence of a large-scale study in an emerging economic context. Moreover, there has been scant empirical evidence on how DDDM affects productivity in the banking sector of developing countries. This study examined the impact of DDDM on the productivity of Pakistan’s banking sector from 2016 to 2020 based on primary and secondary data collected from banks registered in Pakistan. The findings suggest that banks who adopt DDDM practices show a 4–7% increase in productivity depending on adjustment to change. We believe this study would shed light on the importance of DDDM in the banking sector of developing countries
Genetic polymorphisms in the serotonin, dopamine and opioid pathways influence social attention in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Get PDFBehaviour has a significant heritable component; however, unpicking the variants of interest in the neural circuits and molecular pathways that underpin these has proven difficult. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between known and new candidate genes from identified pathways and key behaviours for survival in 109 adult rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Eight genes involved in emotion were analysed for variation at a total of nine loci. Genetic data were then correlated with cognitive and observational measures of behaviour associated with wellbeing and survival using MCMC-based Bayesian GLMM in R, to account for relatedness within the macaque population. For four loci the variants genotyped were length polymorphisms (SLC6A4 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter length-polymorphic repeat (5-HTTLPR), SLC6A4 STin polymorphism, Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) and Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA)) whilst for the other five (5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (HTR2A), Dopamine Receptor D4 (DRD4), Oxytocin receptor (OXTR), Arginine vasopressin receptor 1A (AVPR1a), Opioid receptor mu(μ) 1 (OPRM1)) SNPs were analysed. STin genotype, DRD4 haplotype and OXTR haplotype were significantly associated with the cognitive and observational measures of behaviour associated with wellbeing and survival. Genotype for 5-HTTLPR, STin and AVPR1a, and haplotype for HTR2A, DRD4 and OXTR were significantly associated with the duration of behaviours including fear and anxiety. Understanding the biological underpinnings of individual variation in negative emotion (e.g., fear and anxiety), together with their impact on social behaviour (e.g., social attention including vigilance for threat) has application for managing primate populations in the wild and captivity, as well as potential translational application for understanding of the genetic basis of emotions in humans.National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000849; Grant(s): grantNC/L000539/1Liverpool John Moores University; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004144; Grant(s): PhD studentshi
Extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells show enhanced anti-inflammatory properties via upregulation of miRNAs after pro-inflammatory priming
Get PDF© The Author(s) 2023.The version of record of this article, first published in [Stem Cell Reviews and Reports], is available online at Publisher’s website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12015-023-10586-2Autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, are characterised by a loss of immune tolerance, whereby the immune cells attack self-antigens causing pain and inflammation. These conditions can be brought into remission using pharmaceutical treatments, but often have adverse side effects and some patients do not respond favourably to them. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (UCMSCs) present a promising alternative therapeutic due to their innate anti-inflammatory properties which can be strengthened using pro-inflammatory conditions. Their therapeutic mechanism of action has been attributed to paracrine signalling, by which nanosized acellular particles called 'extracellular vesicles' (EVs) are one of the essential components. Therefore, this research analysed the anti-inflammatory properties of UCMSC-EVs 'primed' with pro-inflammatory cytokines and at baseline with no inflammatory cytokines (control). Both control and primed EVs were co-cultured with un-pooled peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs; n = 6) from healthy donors. Neither control nor primed EVs exerted a pro-inflammatory effect on PBMCs. Instead, the primed EVs showed the immunosuppressive potential by increasing the expression of the anti-inflammatory protein FoxP3 in PBMCs. This may be attributed to the upregulated miRNAs identified in primed EVs in comparison to control EVs (miR-139-5p, miR-140-5p, miR-214-5p). These findings aid in understanding how UCMSC-EVs mediate immunosuppression and support their potential use in treating autoimmune conditions. [Abstract copyright: © 2023. The Author(s).]Orthopaedic Institute Limited; Grant(s): RPG171
RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital Charity; Grant(s): G08028
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Grant(s): EP/F5000491/
High Order Approximations of Solutions to Initial Value Problems for Linear Fractional Integro-Differential Equations
Get PDFThis version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review (when applicable) and is subject to Springer Nature’s AM terms of use, but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13540-023-00186-9We consider a general class of linear integro-differential equations with Caputo fractional derivatives and weakly singular kernels. First, the underlying initial value problem is reformulated as an integral equation and the possible singular behavior of its exact solution is determined. After that, using a suitable smoothing transformation and spline collocation techniques, the numerical solution of the problem is discussed. Optimal convergence estimates are derived and a superconvergence result of the proposed method is established. The obtained theoretical results are supported by numerical experiments
Exploring the similarities and differences amongst service users with and without learning disabilities attending Saint Marys Sexual Assault Referral Centre
Get PDFBackground: People with learning disabilities are over‐represented amongst Sexual Assault Referral Centre service users. This work aims to explore the similarities and differences between service users with and without learning disabilities. Method: Medical notes of 52 service users likely to have a learning disability were compared with 52 service users not likely to have a learning disability (according to the Learning Disability Screening Questionnaire); all of whom attended Saint Marys SARC for a forensic medical examination during a 12‐month period. Results: Significant associations were found between the likelihood of learning disability and relationship to perpetrator; location of assault; alcohol use; time taken to present to SARC; domestic violence; self‐harm; suicide attempts and mental health service involvement. Conclusions: People with learning disabilities in the sexually assaulted population are more likely to present with intersecting vulnerabilities emphasising the need for timely, accessible and appropriate patient‐centred care for this group.NHS England Health and Justice Team; Grant(s): n/
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