8383 research outputs found
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Perceptions of social care
Get PDFThe initial findings of a study evaluating the perspectives of learners and educators in higher education institutions (HEIs) in England.Unfunde
Outstanding Contributions to Logic
No full textThis book chapter is not available on ChesterRepThis paper is primarily concerned with assessing a set-theoretical system, S*, for the foundations of category theory suggested by Solomon Feferman. S* is an extension of NFU, and may be seen as an attempt to accommodate unrestricted categories such as the category of all groups (without any small/large restrictions), while still obtaining the benefits of ZFC on part of the domain. A substantial part of the paper is devoted to establishing an improved upper bound on the consistency strength of S*. The assessment of S* as a foundation of category theory is framed by the following general desiderata (R) and (S). (R) asks for the unrestricted existence of the category of all groups, the category of all categories, the category of all functors between two categories, etc., along with natural implementability of ordinary mathematics and category theory. (S) asks for a certain relative distinction between large and small sets, and the requirement that they both enjoy the full benefits of the ZFC axioms. S* satisfies (R) simply because it is an extension of NFU. By means of a recursive construction utilizing the notion of strongly cantorian sets, we argue that it also satisfies (S). Moreover, this construction yields a lower bound on the consistency strength of S*. We also exhibit a basic positive result for category theory internal to NFU that provides motivation for studying NFU-based foundations of category theory.Unfunde
Practice-based Research and Creative Arts Practice: Intra-action, Self and the Other; Drawing and Installation in the British Peak District
Get PDFPublished version available to view here and licensed under a CC BY licence: https://ijcmr.online/2/article/view/35/39.This research uses a creative arts practice emerging from the processes of drawing and installation to create and explore the relationships between the artist and the outdoor spaces of the British Peak District. A mobile working kit made from paper, fabric and wood is used to make temporary installations outdoors in response to wind, weather and topography. The mobile working kit modules are then returned to the studio and later installed in art exhibition spaces, their display indexing the connection between self, other and the outdoors. The multitude of processes in outdoor environments and their relationships to landscape and its inhabitants’ actions is used as a methodological template to frame change. Based on the dichotomy of mobility and inscription, artmaking actions and the research process are described through the conceptual lenses of ‘gesture’, ‘practice’ and an expanded understanding of drawing. Following this, a taxonomy is suggested that categorises the embodiment of artmaking events from the tensions between their experienced particularities and the artist’s perceived material practice frameworks.N/
MSAF: A cardiac 3D image segmentation network based on Multiscale Collaborative Attention and Multiscale Feature Fusion
No full textThis is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [Zhang, G., Li, H., Xie, W., Yang, B., Gong, Z., Guo, W., & Ju, R. (2025). MSAF: A cardiac 3D image segmentation network based on Multiscale Collaborative Attention and Multiscale Feature Fusion. International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology, 35(5), article-number e70184], which has been published in final form at [https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.70184]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.Accurate segmentation of cardiac structures is essential for clinical diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Existing Transformer‐based cardiac segmentation methods mostly rely on single‐scale token‐wise attention mechanisms that emphasize global feature modeling, but they lack sufficient sensitivity to local spatial structures, such as myocardial boundaries in cardiac 3D images, resulting in ineffective multiscale feature capturing and a loss of local spatial details, thereby negatively impacting the accuracy of cardiac anatomical segmentation. To address the above issues, this paper proposes a cardiac 3D image segmentation network named MSAF, which integrates Multiscale Collaborative Attention (MSCA) and Multiscale Feature Fusion (MSFF) modules to enhance the multiscale feature perception capability at both microscopic and macroscopic levels, thereby improving segmentation accuracy for complex cardiac structures. Within the MSCA module, a Collaborative Attention (CoA) module combined with hierarchical residual‐like connections is designed, enabling the model to effectively capture interactive information across spatial and channel dimensions at various receptive fields and facilitating finer‐grained feature extraction. In the MSFF module, a gradient‐based feature importance weighting mechanism dynamically adjusts feature contributions from different hierarchical levels, effectively fusing high‐level abstract semantic information with low‐level spatial details, thereby enhancing cross‐scale feature representation and optimizing both global completeness and local boundary precision in segmentation results. Experimental validation of MSAF was conducted on four publicly available medical image segmentation datasets, including ACDC, FlARE21, and MM‐WHS (MRI and CT modalities), yielding average Dice values of 93.27%, 88.16%, 92.23%, and 91.22%, respectively. These experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of MSAF in segmenting detailed cardiac structures.This work was supported by the China Scholarship Council (202208210123). This work was also supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61971118, 61373088, and 61402298), the Education Department of Liaoning Province (LJKMZ20220523), and the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (2019ZE054009)
Addressing the elephant in the room: Economic growth and the nation’s poor health – changing the economy’s goal for a healthier future
Get PDF© Royal Society for Public Health 2024.This opinion piece focuses on how in order to improve the nation's poor health, the government needs to place more value on social justice and wellbeing as well as the use of regulation to positively change culture and health behaviour.Unfunde
Massive declines and local recoveries: First range-wide assessment spotlights ending egg-taking as key to the survival of the Macrocephalon maleo (Maleo)
Get PDF© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press for the American Ornithological Society.The communally nesting, Critically Endangered Macrocephalon maleo (Maleo) is an iconic species endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia, yet despite decades of legal protection its populations have declined sharply across its range. We performed the first-ever range-wide field survey of Maleo nesting grounds, visiting 122 known and identifying 58 previously unrecorded sites, collecting physical and biological data and interviewing local informants at each. We added information from the literature for another 48 abandoned sites, documenting a total of 228 historic and current nesting grounds. We then constructed a profile of historic and current populations and area of occupancy (AOO) units across Sulawesi. Between 1980 and 2019, 55% of active nesting grounds became inactive, and all but one of the 94 sites that remained active in 2019 had fewer birds. In 2019, 83% of all nesting grounds active in 1980 were either completely abandoned or just barely active, hosting no more than 2 pairs day–1 at peak season. However, conservation efforts have also produced significant recoveries and discoveries. Our survey increased the range of described landscape types where Maleo nest from 2 to 4, and documented Maleo nesting in previously unrecorded places, including artificially created sandy areas. As the Maleo’s maximum travel distance beyond nesting grounds is unknown, we applied a cost-based approach using possible maximum travel distances of 25, 40, and 50 km to define AOO “Units” that represent a set of separate range-wide subpopulations defined by each maximum travel distance. Between 1980 and 2019, the overall AOO declined by 37%, 26%, and 19% at maximum travel distances of 25, 40, and 50 km, respectively; the number of active nesting grounds in each isolated unit declined by 58%, 78%, and 80%, respectively; and fragmentation (i.e., the total number of units) increased by 5%, 100%, and 125%, respectively. In some areas, Maleo may be changing their behavior in response to egg predation by humans. Ending egg-taking has now clearly been shown to produce Maleo increases in multiple locations and is crucial to range-wide recovery of the species.Our survey and this study were generously supported by the International Conservation Fund of Canada, The Biodiversity Consultancy, and hundreds of private donors to the Alliance for Tompotika Conservation.AAM removed and archived as VoR now available. VoR uploaded to CR 22/09/202
The influence of adolescent sport participation on Body Mass Index tracking and the association between Body Mass Index and self-esteem over a three-year period
Get PDF© 2022 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.This study aimed to (1) investigate gender-specific characteristics associated with low sport participation among UK adolescents, and (2) assess gender-specific BMI tracking, and gender-specific associations between BMI and self-esteem based on different levels of adolescent sport participation. Participants were 9046 (4523 female) UK adolescents. At 11- and 14 years self-esteem was self-reported and BMI was calculated from objectively measured height and weight. At 11- years sport participation was parent-reported. Gender-specific sport participation quartile cut-off values categorised boys and girls separately into four graded groups. Gender-specific χ2 and independent samples t tests assessed differences in measured variables between the lowest (Q1) and highest (Q4) sport participation quartiles. Adjusted linear regression analyses examined BMI tracking and associations between BMI and self-esteem scores. Gender-specific analyses were conducted separately for sport participation quartiles. Compared to Q4 boys and girls, Q1 boys and girls were more likely to be non-White, low family income, have overweight/obesity at 11 years and report lower self-esteem at 11 years and 14 years. BMI at 11 years was positively associated with BMI at 14 years for boys and girls across sport participation quartiles. BMI at 11 years was inversely associated with self-esteem scores at 11 years for Q1 and Q2 boys, and Q1 and Q4 girls. BMI at 11 years was inversely associated with self-esteem scores at 14 years for Q1, Q3 and Q4 boys, and Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 girls. Gender and sport participation influence BMI tracking and the BMI and self-esteem association among adolescents.The research was supported by the University of Bolton and the University of Liverpool
Transatlantic drift: The ebb and flow of dance music (podcast)
No full textI contributed an episode to the New Books Network podcast series looking at my last book, with my Transatlantic Drift co-author, Katie Milestone.
Katie takes the story from WWII to the Millennium, then I carry it from there to the Millennium.N/
Corrigendum to “Scientific opinion on Biphenyl-2-ol and Sodium 2-biphenylolate used in cosmetic products (CAS/EC No. 90-43-7/201-993-5 and 132-27-4/205-055-6)– SCCS/1669/24” [NAM Journal Volume 1, 2025, 100035]
No full textCorrigendumN/
Evaluation of African maize cultivars for resistance to Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae
Get PDF© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.The fall armyworm (FAW) has recently invaded and become an important pest of maize in Africa causing yield losses reaching up to a third of maize annual production. The present study evaluated different aspects of resistance of six maize cultivars, cropped by farmers in Kenya, to FAW larvae feeding under laboratory and field conditions. We assessed the arrestment and feeding of FAW neonate larvae in no-choice and choice experiments, development of larvae-pupae, food assimilation under laboratory conditions and plant damage in a field experiment. We did not find complete resistance to FAW feeding in the evaluated maize cultivars, but we detected differences in acceptance and preference when FAW larvae were given a choice between certain cultivars. Moreover, the smallest pupal weight and the lowest growth index were found on 'SC Duma 43' leaves, which suggests an effect of antibiosis of this maize hybrid against FAW larvae. In contrast, the highest growth index was recorded on 'Rachar' and the greatest pupal weight was found on 'Nyamula' and 'Rachar'. The density of trichomes on the leaves of these maize cultivars seems not to be directly related to the preference of neonates for feeding. Plant damage scores were not statistically different between cultivars in the field neither under natural nor artificial infestation. However, plant damage scores in 'Nyamula' and 'Jowi' tended to be lower in the two last samplings of the season compared to the two initial samplings under artificial infestation. Our study provides insight into FAW larval preferences and performance on some African maize cultivars, showing that there are differences between cultivars in these variables; but high levels of resistance to larvae feeding were not found.This work was funded by Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council of the UK with grant BB/R020795/1; the EU FAW-IPM project (FOOD/2018/402-634); the UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO); the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA); The Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC); the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia; and the Government of the Republic of Kenya
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