Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
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EMPOWER: The phenomenology of empowerment in parents of transgender children.
No full textQualitative exploration of the experience of empowerment in parents of trans children using reflexive thematic analysis
Testing the validity of sensory attenuation as a cue to the sense of agency
No full textThe sense of agency (SoA) refers to the sense of controlling our actions and by that, events in the outside world. One popular measure used in SoA studies is sensory attenuation, the phenomenon that self-produced action effects are perceived as less intense than physically identical, but externally-produced effects. However, some recent studies cast doubt on the validity of sensory attenuation as a cue to the SoA and raise the possibility that sensory attenuation is a product of enhanced stimulus predictability, rather than a correlate of the SoA per se. Therefore, the present study aims to further investigate the validity of sensory attenuation as a measure for the SoA.
The present study will use the multi-step actions paradigm previously established by Garrido-Vásquez and Rock (2020) to address this issue. The paradigm allows to investigate how the number of action steps influences the SoA for an action outcome: Participants press one or more keys consecutively to generate a tone. Multi-step actions are particularly well-suited to study the validity of sensory attenuation as a measure for the SoA because the processing of tones that were self-generated through multi-step actions can be compared to physically identical but externally produced tones preceded by multi-step countdowns, which make these tones highly predictable.
In the present experiment, we will compare sensory attenuation for self-generated and externally produced tones. In the self-generation conditions, the tones will either result from a one-step or a three-step keypress action. In the external production conditions, identical tones will be presented, preceded by a one-step cue or a three-step countdown. Thus, even though in the external three-step condition, no self-action is required to produce a tone, the ensuing auditory stimuli are highly predictable due to the preceding countdown. Sensory attenuation will be measured within a psychophysical paradigm using the method of constant stimuli.
During self-generation, sensory attenuation of the tones should be stronger in the three-step action condition than in the one-step condition, which would replicate the results from Garrido-Vásquez and Rock (2020). When the tones are externally produced, they should also be more attenuated when preceded by a three-step countdown rather than by a one-step cue, due to improved predictability. The crucial comparison in the proposed experiment is the strength of sensory attenuation for tones in the three-step action condition (i.e., self-generated action effects) compared to the three-step countdown (i.e., externally produced action effects). If in the self-generation condition, sensory attenuation is not significantly stronger than in the external three-step condition, this would further question the validity of sensory attenuation as a cue to the SoA. If sensory attenuation is significantly stronger in the three-step self-production condition compared to the external three-step setting, this would support the alternative view that sensory attenuation captures more than mere stimulus predictability, and strengthen the role of sensory attenuation as a valid cue to the SoA
The effect of social-evaluative cold pressor stress on Stroop interference: a time-frequency based approach
No full textA growing body of research implies a decline in core executive functions, such as cognitive inhibition, caused by experimental stress manipulation (Arnsten, 2009; Shields et al., 2016). On the contrary, the conflict literature reports rather inconsistent results due to greater control over response execution under stress. It is still under debate, whether stress affects response conflict and stimulus conflict monitoring in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) distinctively. This study aims at investigating the influence of socially-evaluated cold pressor stress (adapted SECPT; Schwabe et al., 2008) on Stroop interference in EEG time-frequency analysis. Based on prior EEG findings (Dierolf et al., 2017, 2018), we expect a stress-modulated rise in interference control, indexed by brain oscillatory power increase in midfrontal theta frequency (3 – 9 Hz) especially during response conflict but not during stimulus conflict. Furthermore, we investigate the time-dependent modulation of conflict under stress and cortisol responsiveness as potential moderator variables. Our investigation will enable new insight into the neural basis of cognitive conflict processing concerning time-sensitive stress effects in executive control
Processing polar questions in contexts with varying epistemic biases in German
No full textThis project consists of a sister study of a project focused on the processing of questions with biases in English (https://osf.io/7a2jk/). Here, we investigate the processing of questions with biases in German
Religiousness, attitudes towards science, and epistemic vigilance - Study 2
No full textThis is the pre-registration of Study 2 from the project "Religiousness, attitudes towards science, and epistemic vigilance"
Student Thriving Index
No full textCharacter Lab Research Network seeks to close the gap between science and practice by determining the most impactful ways to cultivate the strengths students need to thrive. The Student Thriving Index was developed to provide a comprehensive “snapshot” of student social, emotional, academic, and physical thriving at the beginning, middle, and end of the school year. We deliver this data back to our school partners using interactive dashboards so they can best understand how their students are doing and tailor their educational practices accordingly
Student Thriving Index
No full textCharacter Lab Research Network seeks to close the gap between science and practice by determining the most impactful ways to cultivate the strengths students need to thrive. The Student Thriving Index was developed to provide a comprehensive “snapshot” of student social, emotional, academic, and physical thriving at the beginning, middle, and end of the school year. We deliver this data back to our school partners using interactive dashboards so they can best understand how their students are doing and tailor their educational practices accordingly
See,Talk,Vaccinate. Posters increasing confidence
No full textThere are many reasons why people do not vaccinate. The 5C model by Betsch et al. (2018) extends existing models on vaccine acceptance with psychological profiles. The underlying reasons for vaccine acceptance – namely, the 5C antecedents of vaccination – are complacency (lack of risk perceptions), constraints (structural barriers), collective responsibility (herd immunity vs. free-riding), confidence (trust in safety of vaccines) and calculation (weighing of pros and cons). It is hypothesized that when these reasons are specifically addressed, as well as vaccination should change accordingly. In the current COVID-19 pandemic, a vaccination is available since Feb 2021. Even though vaccination appointments are as easy to get as never before, there are currently about 30-40% of the German population who did not yet get their shot.
In the German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO), the study group is investigating the development of vaccination intentions and 5C antecedents since the beginning of the pandemic in 2020. Current data collections (COSMO, Wave 49) show, that unvaccinated participants lack confidence. A qualitative analyses of open-ended questions revealed two arguments, that participants with low vaccination intentions stated most: (1) the development of vaccines against COVID-19 was too fast for them to have confidence in the safety, and (2) the lack of effectiveness of the vaccines (vaccinated people could theoretically still get infected)
This study tests two educational posters addressing vaccination ((1) history of COVID-19 and mRNA vaccine development and (2) vaccine effectiveness as the most effective prevention) against one poster addressing regular handwashing as a health topic that does not include vaccination.
The educational posters are framed within a dialogue between a vaccinated and unvaccinated person. It is designed to resemble a smartphone app chat situation. This model of a conversation about vaccination in an environment that is very familiar for people who have a smartphone, might motivate participants who are already vaccinated to speak about vaccination (with people who are hesitant)
Developing a Typology of Public Support for Social Movements: A Systematic Review.
No full textThe purpose of this review is to document how public support for social movements has been conceptualised in the psychological literature. This review brings together research from various subfields of social psychology including collective action, intergroup relations, and contact research. Despite being a key indicator of success for social movements (Hornsey et al., 2006), public support is not well-defined. As such, there exists various scales and measures that ostensibly operationalise this concept. In the current review, I aim to develop a typology of how public support for social movements is defined and measured in past psychological research