Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
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Dominance, Prestige, Health
No full textExamination of the links between dominance and prestige and self-reported outcomes related to stress and health
Contagion affective et comportements
No full textLes objets émettent une influence sur la valence affective des individus à différentes distances. Un objet évalué négativement aura tendance à émettre une influence négative sur l'environnement qui l'entoure et l'individu qui s'y trouve. Un objet évalué positivement aura la tendance inverse, il émettra une influence positive sur l'environnement et l'individu qui s'y trouve.
Dans ce contexte, nous avons réalisé un pré-test consistant répliquer l'effet observé dans l'étude de Delaunet (2020). À savoir, face à une maladie très contagieuse (et évaluée très négativement initialement), l'évolution de la valence affective des individus augmente plus rapidement vers des scores plus positifs quand la distance augmente que face à une maladie peu contagieuse (et évalué moins négativement initialement).
La présente étude consiste à essayer d'expliquer ce phénomène d'évolution de la valence (champs scalaire) avec la notion de gradient de but (champs vectoriel/de force). Ce serait la force de motivation à éviter qui diminuerait plus rapidement face à une maladie très contagieuse que peu contagieuse, par soulagement d'être loin de la maladie. Ce soulagement provoquerait cette remontée rapide de l'affect vers des scores plus positif
The (ir)rationality of sunk cost decision making
No full textTesting welfare maximization argument on the Meal Delivery and Cottage vignettes
The Influence of Ontogenetic and Phylogenetic Distance on Adults’ and Children's Numerical Judgments for Other Agents
No full textHow do adults and children intuitively reason about other agents’ numerical decisions? And do their judgments vary as a function of the ontogenetic and phylogenetic history of the agent? This project will include 3 experiments in order to address these questions
Are chimpanzees especially curious about option they had the power to bring about?
No full textAs a follow-up study we want to investigate whether chimpanzees are especially curious about counterfactual options that they had the power to bring about. We will present chimpanzees again with a gambling game, in which they can decide to pull one of two ropes to receive a reward (or no reward). Other than in main study of this project, chimpanzees are not only presented with two available boxes (the ones that they can choose from), but also an additional unavailable box (which they cannot choose). The three boxes will be placed next to each other. The box in the middle will not be covered by an occluder. This way, the chimpanzees can see the reward that is placed on this box (which will be a high value reward, either a piece of apple or banana). This procedure is chosen to encourage the chimpanzees to choose the option in the middle. Only then, the two remaining options are equidistant to the chimpanzees position. The boxes to the left and to the right are covered with an occluder, and the chimpanzees will not see what the boxes are baited with (they can contain a high value reward [banana/apple], a low value reward [carrot], or no reward. The two available boxes will either be the two boxes on the right or the two boxes on the left. Thus, the middle box will always be one of the options to choose from, and only one of the boxes on the side will be an option to choose from. This will be achieved by attaching ropes to all three boxes, but only the ends of the available boxes will reach into the chimpanzees' room.
Each trial starts with the chimpanzee coming into the room, making a choice for one of both available options. Importantly, only if the chimpanzees chooses the box in the middle the trial continues. As soon as the chimpanzee finished eating the reward, the top of the occluders which cover the boxes on the sides will be lifted, so that the chimpanzee can peek into one of them. Crucially, the side walls of the occluders are high, so that the chimpanzee can only peek in one box at the time. As soon as the chimpanzee peeked in one of them, the cover of the other occluder will be closed. This way we ensure that chimpanzees are forced to peek in only one of the remaining boxes
Longitudinal Associations Between Adolescents' Social Media Use and Character Development
No full textThis study is designed to assess associations between social media use and character
Strength Use and Psychological Well-being: The Impact of Focusing on Self vs. Others
No full textThis study is designed to assess the role of positive character strengths in young people's lives
Learning About the Experience of Others
No full textThis study assesses how viewing photos in addition to a narrative can impact students' attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors towards the environment